Search results

1

Efficiency of inclusive physical education lessons for schoolchildren with minor deviations in health

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Ivanna B., Eugene P.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2014

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vol. 28

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issue 3

13-19

EN

Introduction: Some contradictory data regarding the effects of inclusive physical education were revealed. The purpose of the research is to determine the efficiency of inclusive physical education for schoolchildren of I-III health groups of middle school age on the base of indices of complaints connected with health conditions, mental development, and physical activity. Material and methods: theoretical knowledge, sociological, educational, psycho diagnostics (degree of anxiety by Spielberger - Hanin, HAM: health, activity, mood) auto timing of motor activity (the Framingham method). The experimental group consisted of schoolchildren who were studying at secondary schools in inclusive terms - in these schools physical culture lessons for schoolchildren of I-III health groups were held both for practically healthy children and children with minor deviations in health status (with differentiation of tasks depending on the needs and capabilities of each child). The control group consisted of schoolchildren from the schools where the physical education lessons were conducted separately (segregatively) for schoolchildren of base, preparatory, and special medical groups. The study involved 1414 pupils of secondary school age (5-9 grades). The experimental group consisted of 694 individuals (320 girls and 374 boys) - the control one - 720 individuals (332 girls and 388 boys). Results: The trend toward the decreasing of the number of schoolchildren complaining of health condition with years of training in the experimental group confirmed the higher efficiency of inclusive physical education. Inclusive physical training lessons are less psychologically traumatic than segregative ones because schoolchildren from different medical groups in such terms suffer from the high level of anxiety less; low, often subjective, self-estimation, well-being, activity and mood are significantly higher. Positive changes in mental health are observed in the most tangible inclusive environment among schoolchildren with health deviations. Intensive everyday household physical activity and sports confirm the benefits of inclusive physical education. Conclusions: A high efficiency inclusive physical education student of I-III health groups was proved.

2

The pattern of psychophysiological response to emotional stimulation in patients with chronic stuttering

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Humeniuk E., Tarkowski Z.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2020

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vol. 18(1)

45-66

EN

The aim of the research was to identify the pattern of psycho - physiological response to emotional stimulation in adults with chronic stuttering. The need to tell a lie functioned as emotional stimulation. Reaction to the stimulus was defined as the change of electrodermal activity (EDA), heart rate (HR), thoracic breathing (TB), diaphragmatic breathing (DB) and respiratory rate (RR) observed 10 seconds before and after the emotional stimulation. Reactions were recorded using Professional Computer Polygraph PIK-02 manufactured by Areopag-Center. The subject group included 68 persons with chronic stuttering (PWS) (24 women and 44 men) as well as 62 healthy nonstuttering persons (PWNS) (18 women and 44 men). Adult patients with chronic stuttering were observed to increase the amplitude and reaction field as well as reduce the EDA latency. The researchers also noticed both increased HR and the range of its changes. Respiratory reactions included a lower amplitude of TB, higher increase and major changes within DB as well as minor changes in RR. Adult patients with chronic stuttering display a unique pattern of psychophysiological response to emotional stimulation, which is different from the one found in the control group.

3

The Role of Selected Intrapsychic Factors in Alpine Skiing Instruction

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Makowski K., Aschenbrenner P., Krawczynski B.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 2

135-141

EN

Background: This research was aimed at describing the influence of selected intrapsychic factors related to “low” and “high” mountain conditions upon the efficiency of alpine skiing instruction. Material/Methods: Research participants were 48 people without skiing skills. Altitudes from 770 to 1,741 metres above sea level were chosen for “high” groups. A STAI questionnaire was chosen in order to carry out the research. The skiing level achieved by the end of the instruction was assessed expertly with the three essential evolutions, i.e. ploughing curves, slanting slide, and half-ploughing turn, taken into consideration. Results: The anxiety level after the instruction of the “high” group exceeded that in the “low” group (p<0.0895). Significant negative correlations were observed between the mean score for technical evolutions and the accompanying anxiety in the “high” group of subjects. Conclusions: The lower the characteristic anxiety, the better the technical test results. Whenever skiing evolutions are taught, it is necessary to take into consideration both the students' anxiety levels and their physical effectiveness levels. Contributions to the awareness of skiing instruction participants can increase their mental resistance and result in a better final effect of such an instruction.

4

On the Possibility of Applying Achievement Goal Theory in Competitive Sports

100%

Kuczek P.

Human Movement

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2013

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vol. 14

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issue 2

129-137

EN

Purpose. There exist numerous empirical proofs as well as theoretical bases showing that task motivational orientation and task climate allow students and athletes to function better and be more efficient. What is not certain is whether the same applies to athletes competing at the professional level. The aim of this study was to analyze whether task orientation and task-oriented climate help professional athletes avoid experiencing high levels of anxiety, thereby providing a favorable foundation for performance in high-level competition. Methods. Basketball players from the Polish II League (amateur) and Extraleague (professional) were surveyed. Motivational orientation, motivational climate, and anxiety levels were measured by the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ), Perception of Significant Others’ Sport Success Criteria Questionnaire (PSOSSCQ), and Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS), respectively. Results. The reliability of the research tools on a Polish population was confirmed. Motivational climate was associated with motivational orientation; task orientation and a task-oriented climate were found to not reduce anxiety levels. Conclusions. The results do not confirm the application of achievement goal theory in high-level competitive sports.

5

Relationship between group cohesion and anxiety in soccer

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Chicau Borrego C., Cid L., Silva C.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 34

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issue 1

119-127

EN

Group cohesion in sport is a widely spread theme today. Research has found cohesion to be influenced by several individual and group components. Among the cognitive variables that relate to cohesion we found competitive anxiety. The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between task cohesion (ATG-T, and GI-T) and competitive state anxiety (A-state), and also if there would be a relation between cohesion and self-confidence. Participants were 366 football players of both genders male and female, aged between 15 to 23 years old, from Portugal’s championships. Cohesion was measured using the Portuguese version of the Group Environment Questionnaire, and to assess competitive anxiety, we used the Portuguese version of the Competition State Anxiety Inventory 2. Our results show that female athletes report experiencing more cognitive anxiety and less self-confidence than male athletes. Only cognitive anxiety relates in a significantly negative way with the perception of cohesion (GI-T e ATG-T) in the total number of participants and in male athletes. Relatively to the somatic anxiety, it only relates negatively with the perception of the integration of the group in the total number of participants and in the male gender.

6

Cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy and alopecia areata

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Kuty-Pachecka M.

Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna

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2017

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vol. 17

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issue 2

129-136

EN

Alopecia areata (also known as spot baldness) is a disease with multifactorial aetiology, including genetic, hormonal, autoimmune and psychological factors as well as nervous system disorders. This disorder belongs to the group of dermatological conditions modified by psychological factors. Clinical experience indicates that stress and psychological aspects contribute significantly to the onset and/or exacerbation of alopecia areata. Pharmacological treatment of this dermatosis is often ineffective or insufficient. Therefore, a holistic approach to the disease, including both medical and psychological aspects, is crucial. It is emphasised in the subject literature that some forms of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy used in patients with alopecia areata improve their psychophysical condition, and, consequently, stimulate the regrowth of their hair. Research has shown that cognitive-behavioural therapy complements dermatological treatment of alopecia areata, improving the quality of life of patients. The aim of cognitive and behavioural techniques is, on the one hand, to change the maladaptive negative convictions about oneself, the world, and the disease, and, on the other hand, to acquire the ability to cope with negative emotional states and difficult situations, such as a disease. The aim of the paper is to present the results of a literature review on the efficiency of pharmacotherapy and the role of cognitive-behavioural therapy in alopecia areata.

PL

Łysienie plackowate (alopecia areata) jest chorobą o wieloczynnikowej etiologii, w której uwzględnia się czynniki genetyczne, hormonalne, autoimmunologiczne i psychiczne oraz zaburzenia w zakresie układu nerwowego. Schorzenie to zalicza się do grupy chorób dermatologicznych modyfikowanych przez czynniki psychologiczne. Doświadczenie kliniczne wskazuje, że stres i aspekty psychologiczne mają znaczący udział w wystąpieniu i/lub zaostrzeniu łysienia plackowatego. Leczenie farmakologiczne tej dermatozy nierzadko okazuje się nieskuteczne albo niewystarczające. Istotne jest zatem holistyczne podejście do choroby, obejmujące zarówno aspekt medyczny, jak i psychologiczny. W literaturze przedmiotu podaje się, że niektóre formy psychoterapeutyczne i farmakoterapia stosowane u pacjentów z łysieniem plackowatym poprawiają ich stan psychofizyczny, a w konsekwencji wpływają także na odrost włosów. Badania wskazują, że terapia poznawczo- -behawioralna to istotne uzupełnienie dermatologicznego leczenia łysienia plackowatego, przyczyniające się do poprawy jakości życia pacjentów. Celem technik poznawczych i behawioralnych jest z jednej strony zmiana nieadaptacyjnych negatywnych przekonań (zarówno na temat samego siebie czy świata, jak i choroby), a z drugiej nabycie umiejętności radzenia sobie z negatywnymi stanami emocjonalnymi i trudnymi sytuacjami (np. z chorobą). W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki przeglądu literatury dotyczącej efektywności farmakoterapii stosowanej w łysieniu plackowatym oraz techniki terapii poznawczo-behawioralnej, które można wykorzystać w leczeniu tej dermatozy, z uwzględnieniem istotnych problemów charakterystycznych dla pacjentów z chorobami przewlekłymi.

7

Evaluation of the Psychological and Hormonal Parameters in Paragliding

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Çalık D. S., Gürsoy R., Saruhan E.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2021

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vol. 34

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issue 2

15-23

EN

Background. Paragliding is an extreme sport performed by gliding from a mountain at high altitude into the air. The authors aimed to determine the differences between the levels of adrenaline, cortisol, and insulin before and after the flight of tandem pilots and passengers flying for the first time, and to determine the relationship between these hormones and death anxiety and risk-taking levels. Materials and methods. The study included 12 experienced male pilots and 15 male passengers flying for the first time. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured after the participants had filled in Personal Information Form, DOSPERT Risk-Taking Scale and Death Anxiety Scale before the flight. Blood samples were taken before and after the flight to determine adrenaline, cortisol, and insulin levels. Results. Adrenaline and cortisol levels, as well as heart rate, increased significantly after the flight, while insulin levels decreased significantly in the passenger group (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the pilot group. Conclusions. The experience factor plays an important role in the positive effect of paragliding flight on cortisol, adrenaline, insulin, and various physiological parameters, as well as mediates the adaptation of the organism to unusual situations. The human organism adapts physiologically and hormonally to the flying action. One of the striking results of the study was that cortisol levels were at the upper limit of normal values in the passenger group after the flight.

8

Association between knowledge and anxiety level among patients undergoing coronary angiography in tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar.

100%

Shaheen N., Muhammad D., Habibullah G., Khattak I. U.

Critical Care Innovations

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2022

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vol. 5

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issue 1

15-23

EN

INTRODUCTION: : Coronary artery disease (CAD) leads to mortality and morbidity globally. Approximately, 18 million deaths occurred due to cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To determine the association between knowledge about coronary angiography and anxiety level among patients undergoing coronary angiography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in two major public-sector hospitals between September 2017 to March 2018. A total of 264 patients were recruited in the study Rusing a non-probability convenience sampling technique. A modified questionnaire about coronary angiography was distributed among participants and the HADS scale was used to assess the anxiety level of the participants. SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean knowledge score of the participants about angiography was 17.88 ± 4.047. The total knowledge score of both hospitals was good knowledge (6%), fair knowledge (42%) and had poor knowledge (52%). Regarding anxiety level, the participants of both hospitals experienced a high level of anxiety i.e. mild (20%), moderate (34%) & sever (10%). A significant association was found between knowledge and anxiety levels among the participants of both hospitals with a p-value of <0.001. CONCLUSIONS:This study found a significant association between patient’s knowledge about coronary angiography and anxiety level among patients undergoing coronary angiography. The study puts forwards that nurses shall assess the patient’s knowledge before coronary angiography procedure. The provision of accurate knowledge renders categorical purpose to this procedure for salubrious patients’ outcomes.

PL

WSTĘP: Choroba wieńcowa (CAD) prowadzi do śmiertelności i zachorowalności na całym świecie. Około 18 milionów zgonów miało miejsce z powodu chorób układu krążenia. Cel: Określenie związku między wiedzą na temat koronarografii a poziomem lęku wśród pacjentów poddawanych koronarografii. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Przekrojowe badanie analityczne przeprowadzono w dwóch głównych szpitalach sektora publicznego w okresie od września 2017 r. do marca 2018 r. Do badania zrekrutowano łącznie 264 pacjentów, stosując dogodną technikę próbkowania bez prawdopodobieństwa. Uczestnikom rozprowadzono zmodyfikowany kwestionariusz dotyczący koronarografii, a do oceny poziomu lęku wykorzystano skalę HADS. Do analizy danych wykorzystano SPSS w wersji 22. WYNIKI: Średni wynik wiedzy uczestników na temat angiografii wyniósł 17,88 ± 4,047. Całkowity wynik wiedzy obu szpitali to bardzo dobra wiedza (6%), dobra wiedza (42%) i słaba wiedza (52%). Jeśli chodzi o poziom lęku, uczestnicy obu szpitali doświadczyli wysokiego poziomu lęku, tj. łagodnego (20%), umiarkowanego (34%) i silnego (10%). Stwierdzono istotny związek między wiedzą a poziomem lęku wśród uczestników obu szpitali z wartością p <0,001. WNIOSKI: Badanie wykazało istotny związek między wiedzą pacjentów na temat koronarografii, a poziomem lęku wśród pacjentów poddawanych koronarografii. W badaniu postuluje się, aby pielęgniarki oceniały wiedzę pacjenta przed wykonaniem koronarografii. Dostarczenie dokładnej wiedzy nadaje kategoryczny cel tej procedurze dla zdrowych wyników pacjentów.

9

Psychological aspects of temporomandibular disorders – literature review

100%

Berger M., Oleszek-Listopad J., Marczak M., Szymanska J.

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

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2015

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vol. 28

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issue 1

55-59

EN

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) constitute a group of clinical problems involving the masticatory muscles, the temporomandibular joint and associated structures. An etiological connection of TMD with psychological factors was proposed as early as the 1980’s. Indeed, the interdependence of psychological and health aspects in the patient’s treatment, place light upon the more important variables contributing to the various mental disorders that may accompany TMD. Current literature suggests a close relationship between TMD and selected psychological factors, such as personality traits, stress, depression, anxiety, and catastrophizing. Of note, anxiety-depressive disorders, somatisation and catastrophizing contribute to chronic TMD, mainly in the form of myofascial pain. Hence, knowledge of the influence of psychological factors affecting TMD, enables the identification of patients with an increased risk of chronic painful TMD.

10

Health related quality of life of the patients after transient ischaemic attack: is carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS) more influential?

100%

Trystuła M.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2018

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vol. 16(1)

61-68

EN

Although randomized trials have proven the benefit of revascularization with the use of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or stenting (CAS) for appropriate patients, health care purchasers increasingly look beyond clinical outcome toward measures of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in apportioning limited resources. 36 patients after TIA participated in this study. One group (n=18) had undergone CEA, whereas the second group (n=18) had undergone CAS. Both groups were matched according to age and sex. The Short Form 36 (SF-36) was used to assess the differences in patient-perceived HRQoL in two groups of patients who had suffered minor cerebral ischemic events. No significant difference in health profile between the CEA and CAS was detected for the eight SF-36 domains. However, the CEA group rated a significantly improved change in general health after one year compared with the CAS group (p<0.001). A greater proportion of the CEA group comparing to the CAS group thought their treatment had been successful and that their health had been improved (p<0.001). Both groups shared the same level of anxiety over potential future cerebral ischemic events (p=0.3). Patients' perception of HRQoL measured by the SF-36 domains was almost identical between the CEA and CAS apart from a small but significant improvement in self-reported overall health in the CEA group after one year follow up. HRQoL outcome measures may be of value in future clinical trials of cerebral revascularization to compare the effectiveness of carotid revascularization with the particular method of operation.

11

EEG NEUROFEEDBACK IN THE TREATMENT OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONS AFTER THE INFECTION OF SARS-COV-2 AND LONG COVID-19

100%

Łuckoś M., Cielebąk K., Kamiński P.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2021

|

vol. 19(3)

361-372

EN

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is likely to have long-term mental health effects on individuals who have recovered from COVID-19. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 can see a range of long-term side effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of neurotherapy (EEG neurofeedback and goal-oriented cognitive training) in the treatment of neurocognitive dysfunctions in a patient after the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and the long long-term side effects after the contraction of COVID-19. The 48-year-old woman ZR, an accountant by profession, an employee of the administration of the Municipal Board of Municipal Resources, fell ill on October 13, 2020. The disease began with very severe burning headache, eyeballs pain, muscle aches. Ten days later more symptoms joined: loss of smell (anosmia) and loss of taste (ageusia), hearing disorders, shortness of breath and chest pains. The symptoms were associated with SARS-CoV-2 coron- avirus infection confirmed by an rt-PCR genetic test. Brain MRI with intravenous paramagnetic contrast medium injection did not show either lesions of acute microischemic significance or areas of pathological enhancement after paramagnetic contrast medium ad- ministration. The patient was treated at home. In mid-November 2020, about a month after the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and con- tracting NeuroCOVID-19, neurocognitive impairment developed and after half a year she was deteriorating and not able to live in- dependently in society because of her condition. She called her problem "brain fog", and was referred for further diagnosis and therapy to the Reintegration and Training Center of the Polish Neuropsychological Society. We diagnosed a range of long-term side effects and introduced neurotherapy (EEG neurofeedback and goal-oriented cognitive training) in the treatment of neurocognitive dysfunctions. It was found that almost all the long-term side effects were reduced in magnitude. The patient improved and she was able to return to work. EEG neurofeedback and goal-oriented cognitive training might be helpful in the reduction of neurocognitive dysfunctions in patients following the infection of SARS-CoV-2 and long-term side effects after the contraction of COVID-19.

12

Emotional State in Relation to Physical Activity Among Older People

100%

Błaszczak A., Dołowy E., Muszyński S.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2019

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vol. 25

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issue 1

63-72

EN

Old age is a stage in human life associated with alteration of physical, mental and social functioning. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between regular physical activity (PA) and purpose of life, intensity of depressive moods, sense of coherence (SoC) and the level of anxiety in older adults. Forty six individuals physically active (A) and 49 physically inactive (NA) without mental or physical disability were included in the study. The purpose of life was assessed by Purpose of Life Scale (PIL), intensity of depressive moods by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), SoC by Antonovsky’s questionnaire and level of anxiety by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). An AN individuals had lover BDI-feelings level compared with A group (p < 0.05). The AN group also showed a significantly lower scores in anxiety-feature domain of the STAI (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that improved self-perceived quality of life is significantly associated to PA among older adults and regular PA may be effective for improving depression and anxiety symptoms in older adults. A better understanding of the relationship between the PA and depressive moods and level of anxiety is important to develop recommendations regarding modifications in life-style.

13

ANXIOLYTIC-LIKE ACTIVITY OF PZ-1433, A NOVEL ARYLSULFONAMIDE DERIVATIVE OF ARYLOXY(PROPYL)PIPERIDINE, IN RODENTS

88%

PARTYKA A.

|

2018

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vol. 28

|

issue 110

35-46

EN

A novel arylsulfonamide derivative of aryloxy(propyl)piperidine PZ-1433, has been proved to possess a preclinical activity profile appropriate for the treatment of depression and memory impairments. In the present study its pharmacological activity toward anxiety symptoms as well as its anxiolytic properties have been examined in mouse and rat models. PZ-1433 significantly increased the number of punished crossings and decreased the number of buried marbles in two tests conducted in mice. Moreover, PZ-1433 evoked anxiolytic-like activity in “conditional” anxiety paradigm in rats, meaningly increasing the number of accepted shocks in the Vogel conflict drinking test. However, it did not produce a significant anxiolytic-like effect in “unconditional” anxiety model, i.e. the elevated plus-maze test. From these results, it is likely that direct antagonism toward serotonin 5-HT7 receptors may be involved in the anxiolytic action of PZ-1433. However, in vitro detected inhibition of serotonin transporter evoked by PZ-1433, might also contribute to this effect.

14

Voice Traces of Anxiety: Acoustic Parameters Affected by Anxiety Disorder

88%

Özseven T., Düğenci M., Doruk A., Kahraman H. İ.

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issue 4

15

Effects of knowledge of results feedback on more accurate versus less accurate trials on intrinsic motivation, self-confidence and anxiety in volleyball serve

88%

Afrouzeh M., Konukman F., Lotfinejad M., Afroozeh M. S.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

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2020

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vol. 87

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issue 1

24-33

16

EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS STUDIES OF PTSD AFTER INFECTION OF SARS-COV-2 AND NEUROCOVID-19

88%

Pąchalska M., Nowaczyk N.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2021

|

vol. 19(3)

347-360

EN

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) hospitalisation is a potentially traumatic experience, especially in severe cases. Furthermore, the unprecedented context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with the daily media bombardment about COVID-19 mortality, may have amplified its life-threatening perception also in patients with moderate infection. The purpose of our study was twofold: 1) to evaluate QEEG/ERPs shows of PTSD associated with severe infection SARS-CoV-2, and neuroCOVID-19, 2) to construct a neurofeedback protocol based on these indices to support the psychotherapy of the case study described herein. Patient N.C. 49, a frontline healthcare worker in the emergency services (an ambulance driver), became ill with Covid-19 on November 14, 2020. Initially, he lost his sense of smell (anosmia), of taste (ageusia), and had latent blinks (heterophila), headaches, and dizziness. After 10 days of illness, the patient had additionally a dry cough and a shortness of breath and he was hospitalized, sedated and mechanically ventilated for 24 days. After a few months he was diagnosed with PTSD (according to the DSM- 5 criteria) and referred to the Reintegration and Training Center of the Polish Neuropsychological Society for further diagnosis and treatment. It was found that the P3 GO and P3 NOGO waves were indeed less in his case (p < 0.01) when compared to the ERPs results of a health group of individuals of a similar age (n = 100), derived from the normative data bases of the Human Brain Index (HBI) in Switzerland. The ERPs wave pattern in our patient reflects the pattern appearing in patients with PTSD. The patient took part in 20 sessions of individually tailored anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), with the excitatory stimulation of the left prefrontal cortex and inhibitory stimulation of the right prefrontal cortex which can reduce anxiety, as was proposed in the subject literature. Also, the neuromarker of PTSD obtained with the use of QEEG/ERPs was helpful in choosing the appropriate tDCS protocol. Neurostimulation with the use of tDCS was administered systematically, every day, 15-20 and 30-40 minutes for each session, for 20 days. He also received individual sessions of psychotherapy every day, 30-40 minutes for each session, for 20 day. After the treatment the patient improved and returned to his previous job as a frontline healthcare worker in the emergency services (an ambulance driver) in the fight against COVID-19. Detection of the PTSD neuromarker enabled the development of a proper tDCS protocol and the conduct of effective brain neurostimulation of a patient with PTSD. The proposed protocol of treatment, in combination with goal-oriented individual psychotherapy, offered to the patient, was effective in the reduction of PTSD. ERPs can be useful in the diagnosis of PTSD as well as in selecting an appropriate therapy protocol for these patients.

17

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE COMPLAINTS OF THE OLDER ADULTS

75%

Pawlaczyk N. A., Słupczewski J., Szymańska M., Szmytke M., Bałaj B., Zając-Lamparska L.

Acta Neuropsychologica

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2021

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vol. 19(2)

257-275

EN

Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are defined as belief of the decline of a cognitive condition compared with an earlier period of functioning. Many studies have shown the relationship between SCCs with objective neuropsychological results as well its dependency on psychological characteristics. Considering the complex nature of SCCs, this study tested the relationship between SCCs reported in the attention domain with the results obtained in neuropsychological attention tasks, as well as with psychological cha racteristics and among complaints reported in various domains of functioning. Sixty participants over 60 years of age took part in the study. Subjects were tested for the intensity of SCCs in everyday func tioning, psychological characteristics (mood; anxiety, state and trait; and personality traits) and various aspects of attention domain (switching, divided, and focus). The SCC intensity reported in various areas of functioning was associated with each other as well as with psychological characteristics (personality traits, anxiety, and mood/depression). There were no significant relations between the SCC intensity reported in the attention domain and the outcomes obtained in neuropsychological attention tasks. Our results showed that the intensity of SCCs may be a result of subjects’ psychological characteristics and that the tendency to report complaints in various spheres of functioning simultaneously may be observed. It seems to be important to consider that SCCs are related to several psychological factors when it is included in a cognitive diagnosis and treated as a direct indicator of a cognitive condition.

18

Depression and Anxiety Before and After Breast Amputation in Women

75%

Nowicki A., Szwed A., Laskowski R.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2008

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vol. 80

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issue 7

377-384

EN

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women. The diagnosis of neoplastic disease produces or deepens anxiety and depression in a patient.The aim of the study was to assess the influence of surgery and socio-demographic factors on the level of anxiety and depression in women suffering from breast cancer.Material and methods. 50 women (30-71 years old, mean age 54.7 years) with breast cancer were enrolled into the study. They were assessed two times - before and after surgery. To evaluate the level of depression BECK scale was used. It consists of 21 points that determine the level of depression. HAD scale containing seven descriptions of a patient's status was used to assess the level of anxiety.Results. Most of patients (17(34%) women had vocational education. More than half of the analyzed women were free of depression both before and after surgery, 50 % and 60% respectively. 2% of all women had extremely deep depression preoperatively. A normal and high level of anxiety before surgery was felt by 21 (42%) and 21 (42%) women respectively.A high level of anxiety was found in 15 patients (30%) postoperatively. The level of depression after surgery decreased in 32 women and psychological status was deteriorated in 9 patients according to BECK scale. The level of anxiety after surgery decreased in 30 patients and deteriorated in 8 cases according to HAD scale. The intensity of anxiety decreased after surgical treatment. The most intensive increase in depression was observed in women with secondary education (51 points) before surgery and 35 points in women with vocational education after surgery. The highest level of anxiety before surgical treatment was found in women with secondary as well as vocational education (21 points). Whereas the highest level of anxiety after surgery was observed in patients with secondary education. (21 points). The hardest depression was observed in working patients (51 points) preoperatively and they still had the hardest depression (35 points) postoperatively, too. The level of anxiety was highest in working women both preoperatively and postoperatively (21 points). The most intensive depression before surgery was observed in women at middle social status (35 points) and this tendency was observed also after surgery. The level of anxiety before surgery was the highest in women with good and middle social status (21 points). After surgery it was the highest in patients with middle social status (21 points). The most intensive depression before surgical treatment was found in patients between 51 and 60 years old (51 points). The hardest depression after surgery was observed in women between 41 and 50 years old (35 points). The highest level of anxiety was felt by patients between 41 and 50 and between 51 and 60 years old (21 points) preoperatively and in women between 51 and 60 years old (21 points) postoperatively.Conclusions. The intensity of depression and anxiety in women with breast cancer decreased significantly after mastectomy. Patients with university education had lower levels of anxiety and depression both before and after surgery. Working women with average social status had the highest levels of anxiety and depression both before and after surgical treatment. The age of a patient did not influence significantly on the levels of anxiety and depression both before and after surgery.

19

Alexithymia, suicidal ideation and behaviour in Moroccan psychoactive substance users

75%

Karjouh K., Azzaoui F.-Z., Ouerchefani R., Semlali W. I., Mammad K., Chtabou G., Boulbaroud S., Ahami A.

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EN

Alexithymia is an emotion regulation problem that may be related to suicidality, especially in patients with SUD. The study aimed at estimating the prevalence of alexithymia in Moroccan psychoactive substances users, and to establish the links between alexithymia and suicidal ideation and behaviors, anxiety and depression in drug-dependent patients. We also aimed to elucidate if alexithymia predicts suicidal thoughts and behaviors in these consumers. The study included 451 consecutively admitted patients with substance use. Consumers were examined with the Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI- Y), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Among substance-dependent individuals, 72.7% was identified as a group with alexithymia. Current age and age at first substance use were lower in the alexithymic group (p<0.01). The mean STAI-Y state and C-SSRS scores were higher in the group with alexithymia (p<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mean scores for anxiety traits (p<0.05) and no significant difference in terms of mean scores for depression. All of the scores correlated significantly with. Addicted patients with alexithymia could be targeted at preventing the onset of suicidal thoughts and behaviour. The present study also evokes that whenever an emotional regulation disorder is observed, the possibility of anxio-depressive symptomatology and suicidality (ideation and behavior) needs to be assessed.

20

Evaluation of anxiety and depression disorders and the associated factors among hemodialysis subjects

75%

Touil D., Aouane M., Touhami Ahami A. O.

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vol. 17(4)

405-416

EN

Identifying anxio-depressive disorders, evaluating their prevalence and determining the different factors that can intervene in their hap- pening to the patients suffering from hemodialysis. Transversal descriptive and analytical study over 70 patients, real- ized at the dialysis unit of the Idrissi regional hospital’s department of medicine at Kenitra, Morocco, over a period of three months starting from 27 March to 26 June 2015. The data were acquired from a survey and psychiatric evaluation scales: The scale HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ) to evaluate anxiety and depression and the scale of « Big Five French Inventory to evaluate the treats of personality» (BF-Fr). Average age was from 54,66±15,96 years. The seniority of the hemodialysis was on average 5,20±3,23 years. The studied traits of personality show a decrease regard to the average score of dimen- sion O (overture of sense) and of the dimension E score (extraversion) versus an evaluation of the dimension N score (Neu ro ticism). The prevalence of anxio-depressive troubles were as the following; 74,29% presented an anxious state (suspected or proven) and 70% had a depressive state (suspected or proven). The anxious troubles were correlated to age and to N and O characters of personality traits BFI-Fr. the depressive troubles were correlated to N charac- ters traits of personality BFI-Fr, and the anxious troubles were pos- itively correlated to depressive troubles. The prevalence of anxio-depressive troubles among hemodialysis subjects was elevated with repercussions on the personality. The involvement of a psychologist in the processes of taking charge is obligatory.

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