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In vitro susceptibility of oral Candida albicans isolates to chlorhexidine

100%
Biernasiuk A., Szymańska J., Kustra A., Korona-Głowniak I., Malm A.
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
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2018
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vol. 75
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issue 3
EN
Fungal infections are an important medical problem in patients from different risk groups. The majority of these infections are caused by Candida spp., with over 50 % due to C. albicans. The purpose of the study was to evaluate in vitro chlorhexidine effect on C. albicans colonizing the mouth and throat isolated from 5 population groups. The study material included the reference strains of C. albicans ATCC 2091 and C. albicans ATCC 10231, routinely used for evaluation of antimicrobials, and 120 clinical isolates of C. albicans from: hospitalized cancer patients (30 isolates), chronic HCV patients (31 isolates), immunocompromised patients (28 isolates), healthy school-age children (31 isolates), elderly people – aged 65 years or older (30 isolates). Chlorhexidine inhibited the growth of C. albicans at the concentrations of 0.625-5 µg/ml (in particular, 2.5 µg/ml solution was effective against strains from immunocompromised patients and 5 µg/ml – against the remaining isolates). The yeasts were also killed by 2.5-20 µg/ml chlorhexidine solutions. The concentration of 5 µg/ml was particularly active against the strains isolated from the elderly, immunocompromised and lung cancer patients, while 10 µg/ml inhibited the growth of the strains from the remaining two groups. Moreover, C. albicans isolates from hepatitis C patients and healthy children comparing to strains from the elderly were less sensitive to chlorhexidine fungicidal effect and these differences were statistically significant. According to our studies, the fungicidal effect of chlorhexidine seems to depend on the origin of the tested oral C. albicans strains from various patient groups.
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Molecular modelling of membrane activity of amphotericin B, a polyene macrolide antifungal antibiotic

75%
Baginski M., Sternal K., Czub J., Borowski E.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2005
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vol. 52
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issue 3
655-658
EN
Amphotericin B (AmB) is a well known polyene macrolide antibiotic used to treat systemic fungal infections. Despite its toxicity AmB is still regarded as a life-saving drug. The lack of adequate knowledge of the AmB mechanism of action is a serious obstacle to efficient development of new less toxic derivatives. Complementary to various experimental approaches, computational chemistry methods were used to study AmB mechanism of action. A programme lasting for a decade, that was run by our group covered studies of: i) molecular properties of AmB and its membrane targets, ii) structure and properties of AmB membrane channels, and iii) interaction of AmB with the membrane.
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