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EN
The role of Sildenafil was found in the potential weight gain of the foetus in pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Sildenafil acted by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which was an important enzyme responsible for the degradation of Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), resulting in prolongation of action of cGMP and therefore prolonged smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation of smooth muscle. The mechanism behind the beneficial effect on IUGR was its vasodilator action and, hence, an increase in uteroplacental circulation. But the main issue during anaesthesia was fear of severe hypotension, ocular side effects, and bleeding due to the effect of sildenafil. which was expected in pregnant women taking Sildenafil for intrauterine growth retardation undergoing caesarean section. Severe hypotension was due to augmentation of hypotensive effect of sildenafil and regional anaesthesia. A 29-year-old female, previously healthy, non-smoking, at 33 weeks’ period of gestation presented with complaints of headache and pedal edema in third trimester and was diagnosed with gestational hypertension. On the 28th day of admission, she had episodes of elevated blood pressure. The patient was considered for emergency caesarean section after taking high-risk consent. Techniques for cesarean sections include the single shot spinal technique, epidural catheter technique, or the combined spinal-epidural technique (CSE). While spinal anaesthesia offers a simpler approach with a faster and more reliable onset of surgical anaesthesia, it may be associated with abrupt hemodynamic changes. On the contrary, epidural anaesthesia allows for a gradual onset of sympathectomy, titrated dosing, and postoperative analgesia. In this case, the decision was made to opt for epidural anaesthesia over spinal approach was made to allow for careful drug titration and enhance hemodynamic stability. We conclude that graded epidural epidural anaesthesia played an important role in the prevention of hypotension that was expected in pregnant women taking Sildenafil for intrauterine growth retardation undergoing caesarean section.
EN
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare condition, first described by Quincke in 1882. Diminished levels of the C1 inhibitor protein of dysfunctional forms of the same protein are basis of this disease pathophysiology. We mark out three types of HAE. Type I, most common, is related with C1 INH insufficiency, type II – with its abnormal function. Mucous oedemas are characteristic for these diseases, including face and larynx oedema. Oedema involving larynx can be life‑threatening condition. HAE swelling can be caused by some drugs, especially from angiotensin convertase inhibitors group, stress, trauma, infections. Surgical procedures can predispose to HAE related larynx swelling. Surgery preparation can involve continuous intubation tube cuff pressure control, doubling androgen based drugs doses as well as transfusion of fresh frozen plasma. Acute HAE swelling management is recently based on cause treatment covering substitution C1 INH. We describe 46 years old patient ongoing gynaecologic surgery with prophylactic C1 INH concentrate application (Cinryze). No complications were observed during surgery, subarachnoid anaesthesia or post‑surgery period.
PL
Dziedziczny obrzęk naczynioruchowy (hereditary angioedema, HAE) jest rzadko występującym schorzeniem, opisanym po raz pierwszy przez Quinckego w 1882 roku. Podstawowy czynnik wyzwalający mechanizm patogenetyczny choroby stanowi niedobór lub nieprawidłowa funkcja inhibitora dopełniacza C1 esterazy (C1 INH). Wyróżniamy trzy typy dziedziczonego obrzęku naczynioruchowego. Typ I, najczęstszy, jest związany z niedoborem C1 INH, typ II – z jego nieprawidłową funkcją. Choroba charakteryzuje się występowaniem obrzęków błony śluzowej, w tym w obrębie twarzy i krtani. Obrzęk błony śluzowej dróg oddechowych może stanowić zagrożenie życia. Obrzęk w HAE wywołują niektóre leki, szczególnie z grupy inhibitorów konwertazy angiotensyny, stres, uraz oraz infekcje. Zabieg operacyjny może predysponować do wystąpienia obrzęku krtani w przebiegu HAE. Przygotowanie do znieczulenia wymaga ciągłego pomiaru ciśnienia w mankiecie uszczelniającym rurkę intubacyjną, zaleca się podwojenie dawek preparatów pochodnych androgenów, dopuszczalne jest również przetaczanie świeżo mrożonego osocza. Ostatnio zaleca się rutynową profilaktykę koncentratem C1 INH. Od niedawna postępowanie w ostrych napadach obrzęku naczynioruchowego jest oparte na leczeniu przyczynowym obejmującym substytucję C1 INH. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiamy przypadek 46‑letniej pacjentki pozostającej pod opieką alergologiczną z powodu HAE, poddanej zabiegowi ginekologicznemu z profilaktycznym okołooperacyjnym podaniem koncentratu C1 INH uzyskiwanego z ludzkiego osocza (preparat Cinryze). Znieczulenie podpajęczynówkowe, zabieg i okres okołooperacyjny przebiegły bez powikłań.
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