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Biochemical Effects of Tramadol Administration on Total Protein, Albumin and Globulin During Sub-Chronic Alcoholic Beverage (Lager beer) Consumption in Wistar Rats

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Ekpo E. B., Ekam V. S., Omoogun O. A., Archibong M. O., Ekpo E. B.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 63
|
issue 2
341-355
EN
The study investigated Tramadol, a pain-relieving drug used for the management of moderate to severe pain in adults. When used continuously over a long period of time, in combination with substances like alcohol, or in overdose, it results in serious health challenges. This study is aimed at determining the biochemical effects of Tramadol administration during sub-chronic alcoholic beverage (lager beer) administration in mature Wistar rats. Twenty-four (24) male adult Wistar rats weighing an average of 120 g were obtained and divided into four groups of six rats each. Group one, the normal control, received 0.5 ml of water; group two received Tramadol (1.43 mg/kg b.w.); group three was given lager beer (34.29 ml/kg b.w.); and group four was given a combination of Tramadol + lager beer (1.43 mg/kg + 34.29 ml/kg b.w.) orally. The administration was done once daily for 21 days. At the end of the 21 days, the animals were fasted overnight, weighed, and anaesthetized using ketamine, then dissected. Blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture into plain tubes, allowed to stand for 2 hours, and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain serum used for biochemical assays. The results obtained showed a reduction in growth and body weight increase in the administered groups compared to the control. Globulin and protein concentrations reduced in the Tramadol-only group, while albumin reduced in all the groups compared to the control. Significant increases in serum globulin levels were recorded in the groups treated with lager beer and Tramadol + lager beer compared to the group treated with Tramadol alone. In conclusion, the toxic effects of Tramadol are enhanced when administered in combination with sub-chronic alcoholic beverage (lager beer) administration in Wistar rats.
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Histomorphological and Biochemical Effects of Cancer Polyherbal Formulations and Sorafenib on Experimentally Induced Renal Toxicity in Wistar Rats

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Ifeanyichukwu F. C., Obisike C. U., Okorocha B. O., Ikeji P. I.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2025
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vol. 63
|
issue 2
224-247
EN
This study investigated the histomorphological changes associated with the consumption of cancer polyherbal formulations, their interaction with Sorafenib, and their effects on renal toxicity. Sixty Wistar rats (30 males and 30 females) were randomized into ten groups of six rats each. Group A received standard feed and water, Group B received Sorafenib, Groups C and D received polyherbal formulations (Agbo A and Agbo B, respectively), Group E received CCl4, while Groups F–J received various combinations of CCl4 with Sorafenib and/or the polyherbal formulations. Biochemical analyses included serum creatinine (Jaffe-slot method), sodium and potassium (ion-selective electrode method), and malondialdehyde (TBARS assay). Histopathological evaluation was performed using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Statistical analysis with one-way ANOVA and post hoc testing revealed significant increases (p ≤ 0.05) in serum creatinine and potassium levels in the treatment groups compared to controls, whereas sodium and malondialdehyde levels showed no significant changes. Histological examination demonstrated renal tissue alterations such as inflammation, necrosis, hemorrhage, glomerular hypercellularity, and interstitial infiltration. The findings indicate that the polyherbal formulations exert nephrotoxic effects, and their interaction with Sorafenib further aggravates renal injury.
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Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic peel extract of Saccharum officinarum L. against thioacetamide - induced liver injury in albino rats

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Amarachi C. D., Chukwugozie N. O., Blessing F.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2026
|
vol. 64
11-20
EN
The liver plays an essential role in metabolism and detoxification, making it prone to damage by chemical agents. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic peel extract of Saccharum officinarum (SOPE) against thioacetamide (TAA) - induced liver injury in albino Wistar rats. Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups of five each. Two groups received 125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg of SOPE, respectively, one received zinc lactate (200 mg/kg), one served as the normal control, and one as the TAA-only group. Treatments were administered orally for six days, followed by TAA (200 mg/kg, i.p.) on day seven. Biochemical markers (ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, and albumin) and histopathological changes were assessed. SOPE significantly reduced (p < 0.001) ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin levels, while increasing albumin in a dose-dependent manner. Histological results confirmed hepatoprotection, showing preserved hepatic structures in SOPE - treated rats compared with the TAA -only group. These findings suggest that Saccharum officinarum peel extract possesses potent hepatoprotective activity likely due to its antioxidant phytochemicals.
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