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1

Biological treatment of coloured textile wastewater

100%
Solecka M., Ledakowicz S.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 2
103-124
EN
The survey of biological methods for treatment of coloured textile wastewater is presented in the paper. Advantages and disadvantages of aerobic, anaerobic and anaerobic-aerobic processes of textile wastewater biodegradation are discussed. Special attention is given to the problems of removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater in conventional biological treatment systems. Alternative methods of decolourisation of textile wastewater based on natural ability of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae) present in the environment are discussed.
2

Nitrogen and phosphorus compounds removal by immobilized activated sludge in Sequencing Batch Reactor

100%
Wojnowska-Baryla I., Stachowiak D., Klimiuk E.
Biotechnologia
|
1997
|
issue 3
78-87
EN
Activated sludge with enhanced ability of phosphorus storage and nitrification immobilized in alginate and alginate-PVA was applied to remove phosphorus and nitrogen from waste water. The activated sludge immobilized in alginate achieved higher efficiency of phosphorus removal. It was 18% higher than in the case of activated sludge. The rates of nitrogen removal by the activated sludge and the activated sludge immobilized in alginate were similar and amounted to 0.021 and 0.190 mg TN?g-1MLSS?min-1. For the activated sludge immobilized in alginate the nitrification rate was 6 times lower than for the activated sludge. However, in the activated sludge immobilized in alginate-PVA nitrification did not occur.
3

Denitrifying dephosphatation as an alternative solution for nutrient removal from wastewater

100%
Zubrowska-Sudol M., Cyganecka A.
Biotechnologia
|
2008
|
issue 1
136-145
EN
The anaerobic-anoxic process has been proposed as an alternative to conventional anaerobic-aerobic process for biological phosphorus removal. In this process, phosphate-accumulating bacteria utilize nitrate or nitrite as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen, so phosphorus and nitrogen are removed simultaneously by one group of heterotrophic microorganisms. Advantages of this process are the possibility of saving COD and energy as well as reduction of sludge production. The paper reviews literature on the application of the denitrifying phosphorus removal process for treating municipal wastewater, analyses methods for determining the fraction of denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms in P-removing sludge, and characterizes problems with bacteria isolation and identification.
4

Thermophilic aerobic biodegradation of food industry wastewater

100%
Lasik M., Nowak J.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 3
98-112
EN
Food industry wastewater is usually characterized by a high biological load as well as elevated temperature. A new and promising technology for rapid and effective biodegradation of such hot and high loaded wastewater is thermophilic aerobic biodegradation process. It is characterized by higher, in comparison with mesophilic processes, substrate degradation, rapid inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms and low production of activated sludge. High biodegradation rate shortens the time of the process and reduces the required volume of bioreactors. Disadvantages of the aerobic thermophilic process are associated with costs of aeration of bioreactors, low capabilities of thermophilic microflora for flocculation, and problems with foaming during fermentation.
5

Anaerobic digestion of municipal wastewater with biocatlytic addition

100%
Olanczuk-Neyman K., Prejzner J., Czerwionka K., Bray R.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 1
176-191
EN
The results of laboratory and field investigations concerning the influence of biocatalytic additions on anaerobic digestion of wastewater in septic tanks are presented.Commercially prepared bacterial cultures (Bio-7, Digest) and mixtures of bacterial cultures with enzymes (Bioenzyclar, Enzybac) were applied.It was concluded that biocatlytic additions to septic tanks influenced the secondary chemical and bacteriological pollution of the mixed loquor over the primary sludge.The particular commercial biocatalysts did not improve the odour of wastewater.The effluent from septic tanks with biocatalytic additions did not meet the standards for wastewater to be drained off the soil or to natural waters.
6

Rates of pollutants removal and enzyme activities in the activated sludge from anaerobic-aerobic system

100%
Stachowiak D., Klimiuk E., Wojnowska-Baryla I., Stolarczyk E.
Biotechnologia
|
1997
|
issue 3
100-108
EN
In the presented work two enzyme activity tests were performed: alkaline phosphates activity to control phosphorus removal and nitrite reductase activity to control the denitrification process. @urj
7

Nitrogen removal from wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen comcentration via shorter nitrification and denitrification

100%
Surmacz-Gorska J., Cichon A., Miksch A.
Biotechnologia
|
1997
|
issue 1
52-58
EN
Research carried out confirmed the possibility removal by means of shorter nitrification and denitrification in high ammonia concentration wastewater.During nitrification ammonia nitrogen was oxidized to nitrite nitrogen and further oxidation to nitrate nitrogen was stopped.Build-up of nitrite nitrogen was reduced to free nitrogen during denitrification process where reduction of nitrate nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen was avoided.
8

Investigations into the effect of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) derivative on organic pollutants degradation kinetics and nitrification

88%
Grabinska-Sota E., Wisniowska E., Kalka J., Scieranka B.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 3
208-218
EN
The paper presents the results of investigations into the effect of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) derivative on organic pollutants biodegradation and nitrification. Conventional activated sludge process was used. MCPA derivative concentration was 40 mg(a.i.)?L-1. Control without pesticide addition was run concurrently. Sedimentation properties of sewage sludge were bed during process however COD was degraded to less than 22 mg?L-1- and 65 mg?L-1 for control tank and tank with MCPA derivative addition, respectively. Nitrification rates were 0,0372 ? 0,0139 [mgN/mgd.m.?d] and 0,0358 ? 0,0102 [mg N/mgd.m?d] for the control and investigated system, respectively. Pesticide addition inhibited nitrification and biodegradation process rate only at about 5-10%.
9

Evaluation of phytotoxic effect of wastewater contaminated with anionic surfactants

88%
Liwarska-Bizukojc E., Urbaniak M.
Biotechnologia
|
2007
|
issue 1
203-214
EN
Among anionic surfactants, two of the major groups in current use are linear alkylbenzene sulphonates and alkyl ether sulphates. They pass into the wastewater treatment plants, where they are usually aerobically degraded, and next their remnants and biodegradation products enter the environment. The influence of wastewater containing the anionic surfactants at concentrations from 0.5 to 58 mg L-1 on seed germination was investigated. The tested wastewater came from the lab-scale biodegradation experiments conducted in the continuous flow system. Four different plants: mustard (Sinapsis alba), cress (Lepidium sativum), rye (Secale cereale) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) were employed in the tests. In order to evaluate the inhibition of seed germination, the germination index was calculated. It occurred that sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate inhibited seed germination of the rapidly growing plants (mustard and cress), starting with 10 mg L-1 in the effluent, while sodium alkyltrioxyethylene sulphate exerted the toxic effect at the concentrations above 30 mg L-1 for all tested plants. Mustard (Sinapsis alba) was most sensitive to the anionic surfactants exposure and could be used as a bioindicator within the phytotoxicity tests concerning anionics.
10

Immobilized enzymes in the biodegradation process of phenols and cyanides contained in industrial waste water

88%
Bodzek M., Bohdziewicz J., Kowalska M.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 2
121-133
EN
The paper deals with removing phenols and cyanides from industrial waste waters, as a result of their biological degradation by means of ultrafiltration membranes with immobilized enzymes coming from bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. The enzymatic membranes were obtained by ultrafiltration of protein solution trough a membrane made of polyacrylonitrile. Is this way,above 90 percent of the enzymes were adsorbed onto the membrane surface. Such enzymatic membranes were decomposed phenol and potassium cyanide in 70 and 80 percent respectively, during single ultrafiltration at the pressure of 100000 Pa and at two fold reduction of initial volume of waste waters. The retention coefficient of ultrafiltration process amounted to 100 percent for phenol and was above 90 percent for potassium cyanide.
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