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1

Inactivated vaccine against fox and mink parvovirus infection

100%
Mizak B., Kesy A., Paprocka G.
Biotechnologia
|
1997
|
issue 1
138-144
EN
Both vaccines ware safe and immunogenic when administered in foxes and minks.Among the inactivated vaccines, the MEV-143 virus inactivated with betha-priopiolactone demonstrated best antigenic properties.The level of antibodies in the sera of immunized animals was equal to antibody titre induced by attenuated virus of polish vaccine Faxvac Parwo or reference vaccines Biovac D and Nordent vet.
2

Infections factors isolated from fish caught in the Gulf of Gdansk and the Vistula lagoon in 1991-1994

100%
Grawinski E., Dabrowski J., Potajallo U.
Oceanological Studies
|
1998
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vol. 27
|
issue 4
59-75
EN
The data presents bacteriological virusological investigations results carried out in 1991-1994 in the Gulf of Gdansk and the Vistula Lagoon. The infectious factors study included an identification of bacteria species and orders that are pathogenic to fish and man and also a test on the presence of viruses constituting a potential hazard to man's health. The investigations were a complementary study to the ones carried out in 1981.
3

Transfusions of blood and blood products and viral infections

100%
Wroblewska M., Piotrowska E., Luczak M.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
|
2002
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vol. 56
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issue 2
221-240
EN
Transfusions of blood or blood products are commonly used in medicine, but being biological materials they carry a risk of transmitting infections ? viral, bacterial, parasitic, as well as prions. Laboratory tests used for screening of donated blood for viral infections at present cannot detect all infectious units. Criteria for selection of blood donors therefore must be very strict, while methods of inactivation of viruses and laboratury assys for detection of their presence must be improved. Indications for blood transfusion should be restricted.
4

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a method for detection of specific antibodies in animal sera

100%
Gut-Winiarska M., Szewczyk B.
Biotechnologia
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2001
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issue 3
53-70
EN
This paper aims to evaluate different forms of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the detection of virus-specific antibodies and focuses on factors which may influence the diagnostic reliability of such tests. The differences between competitive and non-competitive ELISAs are described, with reference to the influence of the antigen, the conjugated antibody, and the test sample on the test results. Attention is drawn to interference, which may result in false positive or false negative test results. The use of monoclonal antibodies and discriminatory tests is briefly discussed. Diagnostic reliability is described for tests that are used in monitoring or eradication programmes, emphasising the consequences of false negative or false positive results.
5

Old and new prescriptions for infectious diseases and the newest recipes for biomedical products in plants

88%
Koprowski H.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2002
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vol. 50
|
issue 6
361-367
EN
The three antiviral vaccines discovered in the 18th century (smallpox), 19th century (rabies), and 20th century (polio) share a common feature: none would ever be licensed today for human vaccination. Yet Jenner's smallpox vaccine led to the eradication of smallpox, Pasteur's rabies vaccine represented the first successful post-exposure treatment of people bitten by rabid animals, and polio vaccine administered since its discovery in 1950 is leading to the eradication of polio (in the years 2004-2005) from the earth. However, in the case of rabies, efforts at complete eradication are unrealistic, despite the availability of a very effective vaccine, since rabies, unlike smallpox and polio, is not limited to humans and can infect all domestic and wild mammalian species. Rabies is probably the oldest known infectious disease, yet knowledge of the virus and the disease is far from complete. For instance, the appearance of 24 cases of 'cryptic' rabies in the USA, i.e. cases not associated with any bite or scratch, with an incubation period in humans extending 6-8 years, is a puzzling phenomenon that cannot be readily explained. On the other hand, rabies is one of the few strictly neuronal infections and, as such, is an excellent model for the study of neurotropic virus distribution in the brain. Apoptosis induced by a rabies strain expressing high levels of glycoprotein spreads much more slowly through brain tissue than that induced by strains producing lower glycoprotein levels. Attenuated rabies virus constructed to express twice the normal glycoprotein levels is also an excellent antigen for induction of immune responses in the host. Foreign antigens using this vector may also produce highly immunogenic vaccines. Global Approach to Immunization. Those monitoring the spread of AIDS in many parts of the world know that cost of treatment is one of the major problems in combating the disease. Vaccines against HIV face the same problem. In general, the price of vaccines and sera is exorbitant for the afflicted population in developing countries. In addition, the dearth of syringes, the unavailability of nurses and doctors to administer multiple vaccine injections, and other factors in these countries require a drastic change in current vaccine production approaches. About 12 years ago, plants became vehicles to produce biomedical reagents. Plants can be exposed directly to a construct containing a foreign gene and Agrobacterium to create a transgenic plant that, over several generations, produces the desired product. Alternatively, plants infected with a plant virus (e.g. alfalfa mosaic virus) fused with a foreign gene can propagate the foreign antigen as the virus multiplies. Extraction of the plant virus followed by purification provides the desired biomedical product. Our use of either of these systems has led to the creation of plants producing vaccines, sera, hormones, and other biological reagents. In two clinical trials at the Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Poznan, volunteers who ingested lettuce expressing hepatitis B vaccine showed hepatitis B antibodies in their sera. In another trial carried out at the Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories in Philadelphia, volunteers ingesting a spinach-rabies vaccine showed an immunological priming effect, since only one injection of commercially available rabies vaccine significantly raised the level of rabies-specific antibodies. Vaccines against HIV gp120 and Tat have been produced in spinach, and a construct of gp120 with the CD4 receptor is now being adapted to this plant. Two types of antibodies against rabies and against colorectal cancer are being produced in tobacco and in lettuce. The suboptimal quality of the currently available anthrax vaccine prompted our efforts to produce the anthrax Protective Antigen (PA)in tobacco and lettuce. Quite clearly, plants will play a prominent role in producing a variety of biomedical reagents in the future.
6

Presence and significance of the infectious elements in technologically relevant yeasts' cells

75%
Dzwonek M., Gniewosz M., Primik M., Duszkiewicz-Reinhard W.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 3
202-208
EN
The killer phenotype of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains is based upon the presence of viruses in the cytoplasm of the yeast cells. Resent analysis of the molecular basis in these phenomenon let researchers to reveal its molecular mechanism and ecological function. Mammalian transmissible spongiform encephalopathiesare is likely due to the propagation of an abnormal form of some protein. Such infectious agents, which are termed prions, exist in yeasts. This review highlights the variety of infectious elements present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well as their influence on the yeasts properties.
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