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Evaluation of the response to limited water, nitrogen and phosphorus supply in spring barley genotypes selected for vigorous seminal roots

100%

Gorny A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

1996

vol. 37

issue 1

11-27

Fourteen F5- and F6-pedigrees previously selected for a more vigorous seminal root system in a cross population of spring barley, were compared with their parents in the response to severe post-sowing drought and limited N- and P-supply.The materials were studied in glass-faced soil boxes, sand-vermiculite cultures and in the field.The F5's juvenile rooting superiority was not totally preserved for further growth stages suggesting partly different genetic backgrounds responsible for the seminal root system at various growth stages.Results indicated an absence of close genetic correlations between the seminal and adventitious root systems.The selected spring barley pedigrees exibiting a more vigorous rooting benefit much more for their ability to avoid drought conditions than for their tolerance to nitrogen and phosphorus limitations.Especially under decreased N availability the enhanced root extension in F5s resulted in a depressed shoot dry matter production.Despite a relatively low differentiation in the grain yield, some of the selected F6-pedigrees were simultameously found to indicate a high yield potential, an improved stability or tolerance to low-input.

Effects of selection for more vigorous seminal roots in two cross populations of oat (Avena sativa L.)

100%

Gorny A. G., Szolkowska A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

1996

vol. 37

issue 4

331-344

Three steps of multi stage selection for more vigorous seminal roots were done in two cross combinations of oat. The total length of roots (TRL) was measured in seedlings of the F2 , F3 and F4 generations grown in filter paper rollers. On average, the finally selected F5 (or F6 ) progenies distinguished by 7 11% improved rooting ability than their midparents. Transgressive forms were selected only in one cross combination. Coefficients of realized heritability for TRL were low and ranged from 0.08 to 0.42 indicating a relatively high proportion of non additive gene effects in the variance of TRL. Tolerance of the F6 progenies to water and nutrient limitations was evaluated in pot and field experiments. Correlated selection effects were dependent upon initial cross combination. Only progenies from one cross combination exhibited an improved drought tolerance at the 8 9 Feekes' stage. The both enhanced rooting and decreased S : R ratio of the F6 progenies correlated with their improved tolerance to reduced P supply at the 4 leaf stage. However, no significant consistence occurred between indices of the tolerance to reduced nutrition at the vegetative growth and those at field maturity. Performed root selection identified more frequently high yielding genotypes with less stable grain yield. No progenies were obtained that outperform their parents under low input conditions. It was emphasized that root selection should be accompanied by selection for integrated response components.

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2 Journal of Applied Genetics

2 1996

1 Gorny A.

1 Gorny A. G.

1 Szolkowska A.

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Evaluation of the response to limited water, nitrogen and phosphorus supply in spring barley genotypes selected for vigorous seminal roots

Effects of selection for more vigorous seminal roots in two cross populations of oat (Avena sativa L.)