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Distribution of Trace Elements in Surface Water and Sediments from Warri River in Warri, Delta State of Nigeria

100%
Ama I. N., Nwajei G. E., Agbaire P. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2017
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vol. 11
65-82
EN
The pollution of surface water and sediments by heavy metals has become a difficult thing to deal with due to their toxicity and accumulative behavior. The present study was undertaken to provide information on the concentrations and distribution of selected heavy metals in surface water and sediments from Warri River, and to compute a contamination/pollution index of heavy metals. Surface water and sediment samples were collected using standard methods and then analysed for nine trace metals. These metals were determined using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer – UNICAM 929. According to our results, the mean concentrations of the select metals in the sediments were higher than those of the surface water. The figures, however, varied significantly in the six sample locations (SW1–SW6). In the sediments, the highest mean concentration was of Fe (504.13 mg/kg) in location SW1, whereas in surface water, generally, the highest mean concentration was of Fe (1.23 mg/l). In other words, mean metal levels in the sediments exceeded those of surface water. This indicates that sediments are a sink for metal pollution loads. Computation of contamination/ pollution index in sediment matrix revealed that Cd moderately polluted the sediment, Zn, Fe, Ni slightly, yet significantly contaminated the sediment, while Cu, Cr and Mn very slightly contaminated the sediments. The mean values of metals in this present study were compared with other values reported by other researchers. The higher than normal metal values were attributed to anthropogenic wastes, runoff, refinery jetty and varied petroleum related activities in the area.
2
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Application of ICP-MS and various computational methods for drinking water quality assessment from the Silesian District (Southern Poland)

88%
Skorek R., Jablonska M., Polowniak M., Kita A., Janoska P., Buhl F.
Open Chemistry
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 1
71-84
EN
In this study, more than 200 samples of drinking water from taps in the Silesian District (southern Poland) were analyzed. Concentrations of As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Te, Tl and V were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry technique (ICP-MS). The levels of the tested elements generally met European Union regulations. All analytical results were processed using computational methods, including the Pearson and Gini coefficients with the Lorenz curves, one-way ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U test, the variance correlation test and the Spearman’s test. In addition, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax and Cluster Analysis with Ward’s Method were applied. It was shown, that some parameters (e.g. hardness and alkalinity) were highly correlated. The score plot described the degree of mineralization of water samples, so the origin of water could be easily determined. In turn, based on the created dendrogram, the division of samples into several groups (with soft, medium and highly mineralized water) could be deduced.
3
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Urinary calculi - atypical source of information on mercury in human biomonitoring

88%
Kuta J., Machát J., Benová D., Červenka R., Kořistková T.
Open Chemistry
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 5
1475-1483
EN
Chemical analysis of various biological matrices is routinely used for assessment of human exposure to various toxic metals. In this work, 489 samples of urinary calculi originating from almost the whole of The Czech Republic, were collected and subjected to mineralogical and elemental analysis. This study was aimed at mercury, the content of which was determined using thermo-oxidation - cold vapor - atomic absorption spectrometry. The effects of mineralogical composition, sex, age and region were recorded in order to verify the applicability of urinary calculi for biomonitoring. Relationships with other minor and trace elements were also investigated. Association of mercury with whewellite mineral was observed as well as a remarkable relationship with selenium, confirming the role of selenium in mercury excretion. No statistically significant effect was observed on the mercury content in stones with regard to the sex or region. Median values in age groups follow a trend with the maximum median value 0.365 mg kg−1 in the group of 41–50 year old donors, decreasing to 0.060 mg kg−1 for the oldest group (81–92 years). Our results confirm that urinary calculi can be helpful in providing complementary information on human exposure to mercury and its excretion. [...]
4
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Quantification of trace elemental concentrations in ten soil samples from coal mining region by ED-XRF-technique

88%
Jyothsna S., Manjula G., Sammaiah D.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 41
1-12
EN
In recent times, trace elemental analysis of various samples have an important role in human life. Ramagundam, one of the oldest coal mining areas in Telangana, India was explored for the soil trace elemental analysis. EDXRF technique was used to analyze the soil samples and quantification was also performed using the nEXT software. Nine soil samples were collected from coal mining area from Ramagundam and one soil sample was collected from agriculture area, which is considered as a control sample. Seven elements V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zn were found and the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Ni, V, and Cr were observed at the extreme level when compared with other elements. The elements V, Cr, and Ni are known to be toxic even at lower concentrations. These results were compared with NIST 2587 and control soil and found a wide variation in their elemental composition. The elements i.e., Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn have a major role in human physiology, plant growth, and development. Since they are found to contain a substantial amount of micro-nutrients in these samples, it would lead to the betterment of the socio-economic life of the people living in the area of mining.
5
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Methodological study of extraction procedures applied to urban particulate matter

88%
Sysalova J., Szakova J., Goessler W., Tremlova J.
Open Chemistry
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 6
1071-1079
EN
The modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure has been applied to two different samples of urban particulate matters (PM). The distribution of selected trace elements As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn was investigated and, in a comparative study, the presence of common organic air filters in extraction procedures was evaluated. Analytes in separate fractions were determined by ICP-OES and GFAAS, respectively, depending on concentration levels. While, due to air filters, a significant increase of some analytes mobility in individual fractions has been observed in case of the jet-milled PM (tunnel Letna), but in case of the PKC sample such effect was not found. The analyte impurities built in some filters has been tested, and the impact on the reliability of analyte results has been discussed. The arsenic species occurrence and their stability in presence of air filters (size 47 mm) were investigated in both urban PM samples as well, using HPLC-ICP-MS technique. Water soluble and by three-step BCR procedure extractable arsenic forms are shown in chromatograms
6
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Contamination and Dietary Intake Risks Assessment of Heavy Metals in Some Species of Wild Edible Mushrooms Grown in Southern Nigeria

88%
Nwokeke U. G., Enyoh C. E.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2021
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vol. 39
1-10
EN
In this study, wild edible mushroom collected from Rivers and Imo state Nigeria were evaluated for heavy metals and dietary intake risks assessment. Four species of edible mushrooms were collected each in Imo (Lentinus squarrosulus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Lenziles betulina and Grifola polypilus frondosa) and River state (Lentinus squarrosulus, Pleurotus tuber-regium, Lenziles betulina, Auricularia aurucula) and metals extracted using HNO3 before analysis using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS) in Varian AA 240 FS apparatus. Results showed that all metals showed concentrations lower than the permissible limits of World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) while Pb was not detected in all samples analyzed and Cd in samples collected from Rivers state. However, Cd was only detected (0.003 mg/kg) in one sample (Lenziles betulina) collected from Imo state. Fe exceeded recommended values in Lentinus squarrosulus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lenziles betulina in Imo State. Bioaccumulation factors for all mushrooms were generally low (< 3). However, the potential tolerable weekly intake and target hazard quotient values for the four mushroom species were usually extremely low except for Fe (2.24) in Lenziles betulina. Consumption of mushrooms from these areas might pose no potential risk in terms of heavy metals except for Fe content in Lenziles betulina from Rivers state. However, in general, it can be concluded that the consumption of the studied mushroom species from all sites does not present any health risk arising from their regular consumption.
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