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How to manage TB in children? Problems and solutions in four cases

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Buonsenso D., Serranti D., Focarelli B., Chiaretti A., Calzedda R., Valentini P.

Open Medicine

2014

vol. 10

issue 1

Children bear a substantial part of the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic worldwide, and it is estimated that there were ≅ 500.000 childhood TB cases globally in 2010, although accurate data are problematic to obtain given the many difficulties associated with TB diagnosis in children and the weaknesses of surveillance systems in countries where TB is endemic. The World Health Organization is working hard in order to reduce the TB prevalence rates and deaths by half by 2015. In this challenge, general practitioners and pediatricians play a key role in detecting early cases of suspected TB and sending them to experts in infectious diseases. This will reduce delayed diagnosis and the spread of disease, which is especially important now that the prevalence of multidrug resistant TB is increasing. For this reason, the purpose of this report was to delineate the characteristic clinical features of the most common forms of pediatric TB and to suggest a rational and practical approach to the disease underlining the role of patients and parents personal and clinical history.

WHAT IS “INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE” & HOW CAN IT BE TREATED?

100%

Lustyk K., Sapa J.

Medicina Internacia Revuo

2013

vol. 25

issue 100

106- 111

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which are usually grouped together as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite many researches, the etiology is still unknown, but it is believed that IBD is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that interact with the immunological system. Many people worldwide (around 4 million) suffer from a form IBD and the incidence of Crohn's disease is still increasing. Aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, biologic medicines reduce the inflammation, relieve symptoms, prevent flare-ups, but new, more effective drugs with smaller amount of side effects are wanted and examined.

Double-trouble: An unusual case of two simultaneous arterial thromboses in thrombophilia

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Krotin M., Zdravkovic M., Popovic-Lisulov D., Saric J., Celeketic D., Zaja M., Zdravkovic D.

Open Medicine

2012

vol. 7

issue 1

91-94

Multiple arterial and venous thromboses are usually related to thrombophilia or antiphospholipid syndrome. Recurrent pulmonary embolism strongly indicates the presence of genetic or acquired thrombophilic factors. Simultaneous double arterial in situ thromboses are unusual, even in thrombophilic conditions. Simultaneous occurrence of pulmonary embolism and cerebrovascular ischaemic insult are highly indicative of existence of patent foramen ovale. We present herein a patient with the double simultaneous arterial thromboses as the manifestation of thrombophilia (heterozygous for methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene mutation). There was no patent foramen ovale suspected upon the patient’s admittance to hospital. To the best of our knowledge there have been no similar cases presented to date.

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2 Open Medicine

1 Medicina Internacia Revuo

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1 2012

1 Buonsenso D.

1 Calzedda R.

1 Celeketic D.

1 Chiaretti A.

1 Focarelli B.

1 Krotin M.

1 Lustyk K.

1 Popovic-Lisulov D.

1 Sapa J.

1 Saric J.

1 Serranti D.

1 Valentini P.

1 Zaja M.

1 Zdravkovic D.

1 Zdravkovic M.

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How to manage TB in children? Problems and solutions in four cases

WHAT IS “INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE” & HOW CAN IT BE TREATED?

Double-trouble: An unusual case of two simultaneous arterial thromboses in thrombophilia