Karyotypes and C-heterochromatin distribution of Deracanthina deracanthoides, Deracanthella verrucosa and Zichya baranovi were studied. Differences in the chromosome numbers, their morphology, and the position of C-bands between species of Bradyporinae are discussed.
Karyotypes and C-banding patterns of four species belonging to three genera of the subfamily Phaneropterinae were studied. The basic karyotype of Isophya kalishevskii, Polysarcus zacharovi, and Poecilimon ukrainicus consists of 2n=31(XO) in the male. The chromosome number of Isophya hemiptera is 2n%=28+neo-X+neo-Y as a result of mutual tandem translocation between the originally acrocentric X-chromosome and acrocentric medium size autosome. Analysis of the meiotic behaviour of the neo-X and neo-Y demonstrated a post-reductional division of these chromosomes.
So far, only about 400 species, subspecies, and chromosome races of 15 subfamilies of Tettigoniidae have been studied karyologically, this constituting about 7% of all described species in this group. An attempt was made to establish the basic diploid chromosome numbers of Tettigoniidae and, considering chromosome number, morphology, and the sex determining mechanisms, to suggest how karyotype evolution in the particular subfamilies could have occurred.
Tettigonia ussuriana and T. dolichopoda maritima differ in the length of tegmina, details in venation, and in females in details of the subgenital plate. The two species of the genus Tettigonia have the same number and morphology of autosomes but a different morphology of the X chromosome: in T. ussuriana it is metacentric, whereas in T. dolichopoda maritima acrocentric. In both species, euchromatic zones and breaks of one or to chromatids during meiosis and mitosis in theXchromosome were observed. Additionally, B chromosomes were noted in most individuals of both species.
Karyotypes (chromosome number and shape) of four species of the subtribe Liarina were studied. The chromosome numbers and NF (Fundamental Number) in this group of species range from 2n%=33 (34) to 27(30): Liaromorpha buonluoiensis 2n%=33 (34), Sialaiana transiens 2n%=29 (34), Liara tramlapensis 2n%=29 (32), and Anelytra (Perianelytra) propria 2n%=27 (30). Cyto-taxonomy analysis indicates an intensive karyotype evolution among species belonging to three different groups of the genera. Differences of karyotypes are connected with Robertsonian fusion and tandem fusion in autosomes. Additionally, C-banding distribution and location of the NORs were studied.
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