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EN
This paper deals with the bio-synthesis of silver nano-particles using a soil fungi. In this work, FTIR examinations indicated that the encountered soil particles actually contained Silver particles, while XRD analysis confirmed the silver was in the nano-crystalline phase. Moreover, the hurried decline of silver (Ag+) ions monitored using UV-visible spectrophotometer, demonstrated that these silver nano-particles formed within 19 minutes. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the synthesized silver nano-particles come in a size ranging between 16-57 nm and have a variety of shapes, including round, rod and uneven. The present study thus concludes that silver nano-particles were actually produced and that these have admirable antibacterial activity. The current study also indicates that increasing concentration increases the rate of reduction and decreases the particle size.
EN
Uniform nanowires of silver and gold inside the channels of MCM-41 were prepared by controlled reduction of their respective metal salts with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Presence of nanowires of silver and gold in MCM-41 were confirmed by high angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) data (peaks between 2ϑ = 30 − 60°) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the diameter of the nanowires. Diameter of nanowires is found to be ∼ 2.8 nm which is coincident with channel diameter of MCM-41. Optical properties of these heterostructured materials Ag-MCM-41 and Au-MCM-41 reveals the presence of surface plasmon absorption peaks of silver and gold respectively, and the shift in the absorption bands are associated to agglomeration of clusters inside the channels. Room temperature photoluminescence spectra exhibits interesting optical properties as observed for direct band gap semiconductors. Non-linear optical properties (NLO) corresponding to second harmonic generation (SHG) values were also recorded for self supported films of these heterostructured materials. Enhanced optical non-linearity was found to be arising from a corresponding increase of local field near the surface plasmon resonance. Further enhancement in SHG was found with poling due to an induction of orientation order.
EN
The paper describes the preparation and characteristics of films composed of Pd nanograins placed in carbonaceous matrix. Films were obtained in PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) process from two sources containing: the first one - fullerene powder and the second one - palladium acetate. The topographical, morphological and structural changes due to different parameters of PVD process were studied with the use of Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, whereas the structure was studied with the application of the Transmission Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy methods. It was shown that topographical changes are connected with the decomposition ratio of Pd acetate as well as the form of carbonaceous matrix formed due to this decomposition. Palladium nanograins found in all films exhibit the fcc structure type and their diameter changes from 2 nm to 40 nm depending on the PVD process parameters.
EN
Erbium oxide (Er₂O₃) coating is one of the promising methods to restrict tritium permeation and the magneto hydrodynamic pressure drop for advanced breeding blanket systems. Er₂O₃ coating layer on large interior surface area of metal pipe is deposited by using metal organic chemical vapor deposition process. In this work, the influence of Cu²⁺ ion irradiation on microstructure of Er₂O₃ coating layer on stainless steel 316 (SUS 316) substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition methods was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy observation and X-ray diffraction analysis. Microstructure observation of Er₂O₃ coating was carried out after 0.00-1.50 dpa Cu²⁺ ion irradiation at 298 K and 773 K. Scanning electron microscopy observation of the surface area on Er₂O₃ thin film revealed the crack generation on surface after Cu²⁺ ion irradiation. X-ray diffraction peaks were identified in Er₂O₃ after Cu²⁺ ion irradiation transmission electron microscopy observations, the formation of interlayer between Er₂O₃ coating and SUS substrate was confirmed. According to transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, the interlayer includes Fe and Cr.
EN
The following work is an attempt to characterize the microstructure of Morasko meteorite with the application of optical microscopy as well as transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Chemical composition was examined with EDS and OES methods. The occurrence of mechanical twins has been detected which is scarce in case of earthly a iron. The groundmass of the examined alloy constitutes a ferronickel (approx. 7% Ni) of A2 lattice. On the surface of metallographic microsection there can be seen Neumann bands and abundance of ferrophosphorus (Fe, Ni)3P.
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EN
A novel environmental friendly, room temperature route using an ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide ([BMIM]OH) for the synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles is presented. The product was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Phase purity was confirmed by XRD, and X-ray line profile fitting determined a crystallite size of 42 ± 11 nm. TEM analysis revealed various morphologies. EPR measurements have indicated the existence of long-range interactions, due to the wide range of particle sizes and morphologies observed. [...]
EN
We studied the ability of di-cationic gemini surfactantsdi (amphiphiles), i.e. 1,4-butanediammonium-N,N-dialkyl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl bromides (Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4), where m = 8,11,13,16 and s = the number of alkyl groups in the spacer) to induce shape alteration, vesiculation, haemolysis and phosphatidylserine exposure in human erythrocytes, and to protect erythrocytes against hypotonic haemolysis. At high sublytic concentrations the Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4) amphiphiles rapidly induced echinocytic (spiculated) shapes and a release of exovesicles, mainly in the form of tubes, from the cell surface. Following 60 min incubation erythrocytes were sphero-echinocytic and a few cells with invaginations/endovesicles were observed. No phosphatidylserine exposure was detected. The haemolytic potency increased with an increase of the alkyl chain length. At sublytic concentrations the Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4) amphiphiles protected erythrocytes against hypotonic haemolysis. It is suggested that the Di-Cm-di-QAS (s = 4) amphiphiles perturb the membrane in a similar way as single-chain cationic amphiphiles, but that they do not easily translocate to the inner membrane leaflet.
EN
Glass-forming ability (GFA) and thermal stability of Fe62Nb8B30, Fe62Nb6Zr2B30 and Fe72Zr8B20 at % amorphous alloys were investigated by calorimetric (DSC and DTA) measurements. The crystallization kinetics was studied by DSC in the mode of continuous versus linear heating and it was found that both the glass transition temperature, Tg, and the crystallization peak temperature, Tp, display strong dependence on the heating rate. The partial replacement of Nb by Zr leads to lower Tg and Tx temperatures and causes a decrease of the supercooled liquid region. JMA analysis of isothermal transformation data measured between Tg and Tx suggests that the crystallization of the Fe62Nb8B30 and Fe62Nb6Zr2B30 amorphous alloys take place by three-dimensional growth with constant nucleation rate. Nb enhances the precipitation of the metastable Fe23B6 phase and stabilizes it up to the third crystallization stage. Zr addition increases the lattice constant of Fe23B6 and, at the same time, decreases the grain size.
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