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Distribution and Co-infection of Malaria and Syphilis in relation with ABO and rhesus among students of Federal University of Technology, Akure Ondo State, Nigeria

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Itansanmi-Ogundayomi A. I., Elemu A.

World News of Natural Sciences

2023

vol. 49

111-121

The human ABO blood and Rhesus could be an important determining factor in the distribution and co-infection of human malaria parasite and Syphilis infection. Owing to the widespread of malaria, reckless lifestyle and attitudes of present-day youths towards hygiene and sex-life, and increasing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) amongst students, it is crucial to assess the risk of exposure, distribution, and ascertain the most susceptible blood group to these infections. Malaria is an important cause of ill-health primarily transmitted by Female Anopheles mosquito and is responsible for severe morbidity and mortality especially in Sub-Sahara Africa and globally; while coinfection is the single or collective habitation of pathogenic organism in host body. Syphilis is an infection caused by Treponema sp usually transmitted by sexual contact via a chancre. This work investigated the possibility of individual susceptibility to malaria and syphilis infection when their ABO blood types and Rhesus is considered a predisposing factor. Two millimetres (2ml) of venous blood was obtained by venipuncture from asymptomatic subjects into ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic-acid (EDTA) anticoagulated blood containers, properly mixed and labelled appropriately. 229 respondents were subjected to ABO blood-typing using monoclonal Antisera A, B, AB, D and microscopic analysis for Plasmodium parasites screening using thick and thin smear approaches. Antibody specific test against treponema antigens (RDT) was also carried out using whole blood. Of the sampled individuals, 199(87%) and 30(13%) were rhesus D positive and negative respectively, where 75.1% was positive for Plasmodium infection. The relationship between ABO blood group and malaria parasite was significant in the study population (P = 0.002, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the distribution of malaria and syphilis in relation to ABO (see Fig 4) suggests that infection is equal.

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1 World News of Natural Sciences

1 2023

1 Elemu A.

1 Itansanmi-Ogundayomi A. I.

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Distribution and Co-infection of Malaria and Syphilis in relation with ABO and rhesus among students of Federal University of Technology, Akure Ondo State, Nigeria