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1

Structure and organ-specific expression of plant genes encoding proteins of PR10 class

100%
Sikorski M. M., Biesiadka J.
Biotechnologia
|
1999
|
issue 3
13-35
EN
Intracellular Pathogenesis-Related (IPR) Proteins of PR10 class are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. Their homologues were found in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. PR10 proteins are small polypeptides of Mr 16 000 - 18 000, slightly acidic and resistant to proteases. The absence of an apparent signal peptide and their structural properties indicate that they are cytosolic. PR10 proteins are encoded by small multigene families. They accumulate around sites of pathogen invasion, wounding and are induced by other environmental stress, suggesting their involvement in a general defence mechanism. The physiological function and any contribution of PR10 proteins to a defence mechanism remain unknown. However, high amino acid sequence homology and the similarity of the expression pattern with that of ginseng ribonuclease suggest that an RNase activity associated with these proteins may be involved in the defence reaction. There are also suggestions that PR10 proteins play an important role in the plant development, since they have been identified in dry seeds, developed roots, stems, various parts of flowers and senescent leaves. Some PR10 protein homologues appeared to be induced by plant hormones (abscisic acid, cytokinin and ethylene) and show organ-specific expression, what indicates their involvement in different physiological processes of non stressed plant.
2

New observations on green hydra symbiosis

80%
Kovacevic G., Kalafatic M., Ljubesic N.
|
2007
|
vol. 55
|
issue 1-2
77-79
EN
New observations on green hydra symbiosis are described. Herbicide norflurazon was chosen as a ?trigger? for analysis of these observations. Green hydra (Hydra viridissima Pallas, 1766) is a typical example of endosymbiosis. In its gastrodermal myoeptihelial cells it contains individuals of Chlorella vulgaris Beij. (KESSLER & HUSS 1992). Ultrastructural changes were observed by means of TEM. The newly described morphological features of green hydra symbiosis included a widening of the perialgal space, missing symbiosomes and joining of the existing perialgal spaces. Also, on the basis of the newly described mechanisms, the recovery of green hydra after a period of intoxication was explained. The final result of the disturbed symbiosis between hydra and algae was the reassembly of the endosymbiosis in surviving individuals.
3

Isolation and cultivation of endosymbiotic alga from green hydra and phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences

70%
Kovacevic G., Franjevic D., Jelencic B., Kalafatic M.
Folia Biologica
|
2010
|
vol. 58
|
issue 1-2
135-143
EN
Symbiotic associations are of wide significance in evolution and biodiversity. The green hydra is a typical example of endosymbiosis. In its gastrodermal myoepithelial cells it harbors the individuals of a unicellular green algae. Endosymbiotic algae from green hydra have been successfully isolated and permanently maintained in a stable clean lab culture for the first time.We reconstructed the phylogeny of isolated endosymbiotic algae using the 18S rRNA gene to clarify its current status and to validate the traditional inclusion of these endosymbiotic algae within the Chlorella genus. Molecular analyses established that different genera and species of unicellular green algae could be present as symbionts in green hydra, depending on the natural habitat of a particular strain of green hydra.
4

Competition between bacterial strains nodulating leguminous plants

51%
Golinska B., Madrzak C. J.
Biotechnologia
|
1999
|
issue 3
106-142
EN
Successful nodulation of legumes by rhizobia is a complex process that in open field depends on various environmental and biological factors. Generally legume productivity may be improved by inoculation with selected, highly effective in diazotrophy root nodule bacteria. However, field legume inoculation with Rhizobiaceae species is very often unsuccessful due to the presence of native strains in soil which are better adapted and usually dominate over introduced bacteria. The ability of one strain to outnumber others in nodule occupancy is commonly termed competitiveness. This feature of strain is genetically regulated by numerous bacterial genes, as well as it is highly dependent on host plant genotype and environmental cues. The competitiveness of endogenous strains is critical for the successful use of inocula to introduce the quality strains. In this paper we describe ways and means which should be considered in order to manipulate both established and introduced strains ecologically, edaphically and genetically to improve legume productivity and, as the consequence, soil fertility.
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