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EN
In november 1999 we started the quality control exercise for Polish institutions involved in HLA typing. Five out of eleven invited institutions responded favourably and took part in the first run of the workshop. In the second trial, presently reported, number of labs increased to eight. Each centre received 4 blood samples for serological typing of HLA class I and 5 samples for DNA HLA class II typing. As in the provious workshop, HLA class II typing should be performed as least for DRB1 alleles at the low resolution level. The paper presents the results of the second run of standardisation.
EN
This paper aims to evaluate different forms of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for the detection of virus-specific antibodies and focuses on factors which may influence the diagnostic reliability of such tests. The differences between competitive and non-competitive ELISAs are described, with reference to the influence of the antigen, the conjugated antibody, and the test sample on the test results. Attention is drawn to interference, which may result in false positive or false negative test results. The use of monoclonal antibodies and discriminatory tests is briefly discussed. Diagnostic reliability is described for tests that are used in monitoring or eradication programmes, emphasising the consequences of false negative or false positive results.
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