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1

Composition of essential oil from Elsholtzia cristata Willd. shoots cultured in vitro

100%
Sienkiewicz-Chwist M., Kalemba D., Wysokinska H.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 2
100-106
EN
In this work, we studied the composition of essential oil from Elsholtzia cristata shoot proliferating cultures grown on agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (0,1 mg/l) and 6-benzyloaminopurine (0,5 mg/l) for 4 weeks. The essential oils from shoots E. cristata and flowers of regenerated in vitro plants grown in the soil were also studied. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-MS method. It was found that the essential oils from the shoot cultures, shoots and flowers of plants were at 0,1, 0,2 and 0,67% (v/w), respectively. The main component of essential oils isolated from these materials was estragol (80-90%) in contrast to intact plants and callus tissue with were reported in the literature to contain mainly elsholtzia ketones.
2

Effect of gamma rays on regeneration of adventitious shoots from leaf explants of Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev

100%
Zalewska M., Lema-Ruminska J.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 2
86-92
EN
Microcuttings of chrysanthemum radiomutants were irradiated in vitro with gamma rays with a dose of 15 Gy. The adventitious shoots' regeneration on MS medium was applied. The medium used was supplemented with plant growth regulators: 2 mg l-1 IAA and 0.6 mg l-1 BAP. An effect of radiation on the numbers of adventitious shoots regenerated from irradiated leaf explants was determined. 'Lady Vitroflora' produced substantially more adventitious shoots per one explant than 'Lady Apricot'. The ionizing radiation clearly reduced leaf explants regeneration capacity. The rate of adventitious shoots regeneration depended on the cultivar and was always higher than that for non-irradiated explants.
3

Roses breeding: in vitro culture and genetic engineering

88%
Orlikowska T., Wach I., Kucharska D.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 4
40-47
EN
Prequisites for successful transformation are developed protocols on efficient regeneration of adventitious shoots or somatic embryos. The most important works concerning regeneration, the objectives and achievements in rose transformation are discussed.
4

The effect of cytokinins on in vitro morphogenesis of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

88%
Goska M.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 2
137-145
EN
The aim of the studies was to estimate the effect of cytokinins on the production of callus and shoots from different seedling explants of sugar beet. Two diploid multigerm genotypes were used in the experiment. The seedling explants (hypocotyls, cotyledons and leaves) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with cytokinins: BAP, 2iP, TDZ in concentrations 0,2; 1,0 and 2,0 mg/l. Hypocotyls, cotyledons and leaves showed different abilites to form callus and shoots. After two weeks of culture, the induction of callus was mainly observed on the explants of hypocotyls and cotyledons, whereas adventitious shoots formed on leaf explants. Frequency of callus and shoots induction was dependent on the origin of the explants, concentration and type of the cytokinins. The highest percentage of regeneration was obtained on the explants of young leaves, on medium containing TDZ (51,5%). The optimal concentration of cytokinins was 1 mg/l. Plant regeneration on seedling explants came only under direct organogenesis.
5

Production of secondary metabolites in shoots of Salvia nemorosa L. cultured in vitro

88%
Kuzma L., Wysokinska H.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 4
154-159
EN
The shoots of Salvia nemorosa were proliferated in vitro from shoot tips of 4-week-old seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar (0.7%) medium containing indolilo-3-acetic acid (IAA) 0.5 mg/l and benzylaminopurine (BAP) 1 mg/l. Four sterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, stigmastanol) and two triterpenes (ursolic acid, oleanolic acid) were detected by GC-MS method in the chloroform extract obtained from the dry in vitro cultured shoots of S. nemorosa. From the methanolic extract, rosmarinic acid both as isomer trans and cis was isolated and identified on the basis of 1H-NMR and HH-COSY spectral data. It is the first report on the detection of cis-rosmarinic acid in plants.
6

Photosynthetic activity as physiological marker in the evaluation of the quality of shoot cultures and obtained plantlets

75%
Borkowska B.
Biotechnologia
|
2003
|
issue 3
30-38
EN
Chlorophyll alpha fluorescence has become a routine method for obtaining information on various aspects of photosynthesis. The terms and definitions are sometimes used convertibly, which became a source of misunderstanding. In this article, the most accepted viewpoint is presented on chlorophyll fluorescence meaning in monitoring and characterising of photosynthetic events. It was exemplified that strawberry shoot cultures show photosynthetic activity through multiplication subculture. Light and dark phases of photosynthesis function better when glucose is added to the medium in comparison to sucrose-medium. Photosynthetic efficiency of acclimated plantlets is higher than that of cultured shoots, but it is far from full activity of plants growing in natural conditions. The leaves formed during in vitro life slowly decrease, but newly formed leaves acquire the photosynthetic activity at the time of acclimatisation.
7

Comparison of micropropagation methods in Polish cultivars of barley and oat

75%
Kruczkowska H., Pawlowska H., Skucinska B.
Biotechnologia
|
2010
|
issue 2
83-88
EN
Obtaining transgenic plants in cereal cultivars of agronomic value requires an efficient method of micropropagation which does not cause additional variation. Recently suggested protocols consist in inducing regeneration of multiple shoots from apical meristems of seedlings derived in vitro from mature dry seeds. We have compared the efficiency of three protocols: after Zhang et al. (4), Sharma et al. (8) and Ganeshan et al. (10) in several Polish cultivars of barley and oat. I In the examined cultivars, the protocol after Ganeshan et al. (10) proved to be more efficient, less laborious and faster.
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