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1

The influence of OLA-DRB1 (MHC class II) gene polymorphism on lamb body weight and weight gain in Polish Heath Sheep

100%
Gruszczynska J., Charon K. M., Kitlinska J., Szydlowski M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2000
|
vol. 41
|
issue 2
101-112
EN
The study aimed at analysing the OLA-DRB1 (exon2/microsatellite sequence in intron2) gene polymorphism in Polish Heath Sheep and the influence of particular alleles on lamb body weight and weight gain. A total of 45 ewes, 7 rams and 100 lambs of Polish Heath Sheep were examined. In the parental generation 36 alleles of the OLA-DRB1 were found and the most frequent were 466bp, 500bp and 566bp (0.058, 0.125 and 0.067, respectively). In the investigated lambs there were 30 alleles with the highest frequency of 498bp, 500bp, 560bp and 566bp alleles (0.105, 0.210, 0.075 and 0.085, respectively).The presence of certain OLA-DRB1 alleles in ewe and lamb genotypes was found to be associated with significant differences in lamb rearing results. The significant or highly significant influence on body weight at birth and weight gain during the first month of lamb's life were observed in the case of the following alleles: 464bp, 466bp, 470bp, 488bp, 494bp, 538bp and 576bp in lambs; 468bp, 470bp, 474bp, 514bp, 536bp and 548bp in ewes.
2

Identification of fecundity gene (FecB) carriers using microsatellite markers and its effect on sheep weight

100%
Nowak Z., Charon K. M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2001
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vol. 42
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issue 1
49-57
EN
Altogether 115 animals representing 5 genetic groups: 3 purebred Booroola Merino, Corriedale and Olkuska, and 2 Booroola crossbreds were included in the studies. In total 6 alleles from 97 bp to 119 bp in microsatellite OarAE101, and 5 alleles from 162 bp to 174 bp in BM1329 were identified. The marker of FecB gene presence seems to be an allele of 97 bp in the case of microsatellite OarAE 101 and 162 bp in the case of BM1329. Significant differences FecB carriers (Booroola-Corriedale) and non-carriers (Corriedale) in birth weight and at weaning at 100 days (males and females from twins) as well as weight gain during the first 28 days and 100 days were found. Purebred lambs showed higher values of the investigated traits.
3

Detection of two nucleotide substitutions and putative promoters in the 5' flanking region of the ovine IGF-I gene

100%
Yilmaz A., Davis M. E., Hines H. C., Chung H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2005
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vol. 46
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issue 3
307-309
EN
The objective of this study was to search for polymorphisms and gene regulatory sequences in the 5' flanking region of the sheep insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) gene. PCR-SSCP analysis of the 5' flanking region revealed three banding patterns. Family study indicated that these patterns in mixed breed sheep corresponded with three genotypes (with their frequencies in parentheses) AA (0.70), AB (0.25), and BB (0.05), which arose from a one-locus, two allele (A, B) polymorphism. Genotypic frequencies in 22 purebred Polypay sheep were AA (0.77) and AB (0.23). Calculated frequency of the A allele in Polypays was 0.89. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was detected in this study. Fragments amplified using DNA from homozygous individuals were sequenced and aligned next to each other. A T to C transition and a G to C transversion were found at positions 179 and 181, respectively, of the amplified PCR product, resulting in recognition sites for Bsp143II and HaeI. Analysis of a fragment of 2,162 base pairs upstream of Exon 1, assembled from sheep ESTs and sequence of our amplified PCR products, revealed a promoter sequence approximately 100 bp downstream of the polymorphic sites. The assembled DNA fragment shared 70% sequence homology between sheep and human. These results suggest that sequence of the 5' flanking region of IGF-I gene and location of the IGF-I promoters are similar in human and sheep.
4

Identification and genetics of the antigenic determinants A6 and A7 - beta-globulin markers of sheep

100%
Skiba E., Koscielny M., Wegrzyn J.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
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vol. 35
|
issue 1-2
81-89
5

Microsatellite polymorphism in locus OMHC1 (MHC Class I) in Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep (Zelazna variety)

100%
Gruszczynska J., Charon K. M., Swiderek W., Sawera M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
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vol. 43
|
issue 2
217-222
EN
Our study aimed at comparative analysis of microsatellite polymorphism in locus OMHC1 (MHC Class I) in Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep (Zelazna variety). The study was conducted on 100 ewes of each breed. We identified 13 alleles of the gene in Polish Heath Sheep and 9 in Polish Lowland Sheep. We found marked differences in frequency of OMHC1 alleles between both breeds. The heterozygosity coefficient and PIC, amounting to 0.79 and 0.77 for Polish Heath Sheep, and 0.82 and 0.80 for Polish Lowland Sheep, respectively, suggest considerable variability in both breeds. Additionally, the values of both coefficients indicate that OMHC1 locus can be used as a genetic marker.
6

Microdissected bovine X chromosome segment delineates homologous chromosomal regions in sheep and goat

100%
Bugno M., Zyga A., Slota E.
|
EN
In this study we microdissected the proximal part band Xq24 of the bovine X chromosome long arm, in which the Xist gene is located in cattle. The obtained DNA fragment was PCR amplified, labelled and used as a probe for cattle, sheep and goat chromosomes. In cattle, as expected, distinct hybridization signals were observed on Xq24. The painting signals were also observed on Xq24 in sheep and goat. The chromosome painting probes can be used for comparative mapping and searching for internal X chromosome rearrangements in Bovidea and may contribute to the understanding of mammalian sex chromosome evolution.
7
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Effects of central infusions of neuropeptide Y on the somatotropic axis in sheep fed on two levels of protein

100%
Gladysz A., Krejci P., Simunek J., Polakowska J.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2001
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vol. 61
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issue 4
255-266
EN
Effects of infusions of neuropeptide Y (NPY) into 3rd ventricle of growing sheep fed on diets containing restricted (R) or elevated (E) levels of protein on the immunoreactive (ir) somatostatin neurones, ir somatotrophs, growth hormone (GH) concentration in the blood plasma were studied. The long-term restriction of protein in the diet elicited: enhancing irSS content in periventricular perikarya; diminishing irSS stores in the median eminence and elevating the number ir somatotrophs and content of irGH. NPY infusions enhanced the content of irSS in perikarya in sheep fed on E diet and diminished the number of ir somatotrophs and content of irGH of sheep fed on R diet. The R diet as well as NPY infusions caused an increase in GH mean concentrations in the blood plasma. Obtained results suggest that stimulatory effect of restricted feeding and/or NPY action on GH secretion can be due to attenuated SS output. Since dietary restrictions and exogenous NPY have similar influence on the activation of GH secretion, we suggest that NPY could be a neuromodulatory link between nutritional cues and somatotropic axis in sheep.
8

Segregation of transferrin alleles in a flock of long-wool sheep

100%
Kmiec M.
|
|
vol. 34
|
issue 3
273-285
EN
Studies on in the flock of from the State Animal Breeding Station in Bobrowniki were carried out. Genetic structure, of the population consisting of 6832 animals (171 rams, 3050 ewes and 3611 lambs) was examined. Inheritance of was traced and it is postulated to apply studies on transferrin polymorphism for parentage cintrol. In the studied sheep population the most frequent were alleles and BC, BD, CD and BB phenotypes. An analysis of transferrin alleles transfer from parents to their offspring in some cases showed significant divergence between the observed and expected numbers of offspring carrying particular genes. That concerned the phenotype AB in rams as well as AD and BE phenotypes in ewes. A theoretical probability of parentage exclusion in the examined stud of long-wool sheep estimated on the basis of the frequency of genes determining transferrin phenotypes was 43.18%.
9
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Differential endocrine response in rams to intracerebroventricular infusion of genistein

88%
Misztal T., Gorski K., Romanowicz K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2008
|
vol. 68
|
issue 1
43-50
EN
The intracerebroventricular infusions of genistein (total 40 ?g) were made in male sheep (November) to test its influence on melatonin, growth hormone (GH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. The analysis of the results encompassed 3 similar periods: before the infusion (afternoon hours), the first (evening hours), and the second (night hours) halves of the treatment. The night plasma concentration of melatonin in genistein-infused rams was significantly lower than that noted during the respective period in vehicle-infused rams. Plasma GH concentration increased significantly in both vehicle- and genistein-infused rams during the night hours, as compared with the concentrations noted during the afternoon and evening, however, genistein significantly stimulated the amplitude of GH pulses in these latter. The LH concentration was significantly lower during the second part of genistein treatment, than in vehicle-infused rams. The frequency and amplitude of LH pulses clearly tended to decrease following genistein infusion. In conclusion, genistein, acting at the central nervous system level in sexually active rams is able to reduce the secretion of melatonin and LH and has also a slight stimulatory effect on the amplitude of GH pulses.
10

Relationship between transferrin asnd globulin antigen polymorphism and sheep resistance to mastitis

88%
Charon K., Lipecka C., Siudek T., Swiderek P., Skiba E.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1996
|
vol. 37
|
issue 2
161-172
EN
The effect of transferrin genotypes and genes and globulin antigens on sheep resistance/susceptibility to mastitis was analysed.The udder health conditoin was diagnosed on the basis of the somatic cell count in 1 ml milk and result of bacteriological tests.It was found that sheep with transferrin genotype AC, AD and CC were characterised by a better health of the mammary gland than the remaining ewes.Among 9 transferrin alleles observed in the examined sheep, only the presence of transferrin I allele in the ewes genotype was connected with the somatic cell count below the mean value of this traint.The presence of transferrin A allela in sheep's genotype was connected with a small infection of milk with mastitis pathogens.The serum globulin antigens analysed did not significantly affect the somatic cell acount in the milk of the examined ewes.However, the antigens A2, NS1 (antigens of beta-globulin) and GB2 (antigen of class IgG immunoglobulins) as well as the globulin antigen A6 and GA1 antigen of class IgG immunoglobulins showed to have a significant effect on the level of sheep milk infection.
11

Chromosome abnormalities in domestic sheep (Ovis aries )

88%
Long S. E.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1997
|
vol. 38
|
issue 1
65-76
EN
The clinical effects of twenty different chromosome anomalies in sheep are reviewed. It is concluded that not all anomalies give rise to reproductive problems or phenotypic variations. In particular, the centric fusion translocations appear not to have affected fertility and they have been helpful in determining the karyotype of the sheep.
12

Comparison between the G-banded karyotype of the aoudad (Ammotragus lervia) and sheep (Ovis aries)

88%
Slota E., Kozubska-Sobocinska A., Bugno M., Giemza-Marek A., Kulig B.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2001
|
vol. 42
|
issue 1
59-64
EN
Karyotypes of the aoudad and sheep were compared on the basis of G-banded chromosomes at the 450 band level. The common G-banded karyotype showed the homology of all aoudad chromosomes (2n=58) with sheep chromosomes (2n=54) or sheep chromosome arms. The results of cytogenetic investigations suggest that in this case karyotype evolution has led to reduction in chromosome number as a result of centric fusions. The formation of the first metacentric chromosome occurred in the aoudad. The homology of the G-banding pattern in sheep and aoudad suggests the conservation in linear arrangement of genetic material. Thus comparative cytogenetics can be a useful tool in gene mapping.
13

Restriction fragment length polymorphism of exon 2 Ovar-DRB1 gene in Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep

88%
Gruszczynska J., Brokowska K., Charon K. M., Swiderek W. P.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2005
|
vol. 46
|
issue 3
311-314
EN
Exon 2 of the Ovar-DR gene is known to encode the MHC outer domain (alpha or beta chain) that forms the binding area to antigens presented. The study was aimed at analysing exon 2 Ovar -DRB1 gene polymorphism in Polish Heath Sheep and Polish Lowland Sheep (Zelazna variety). A total of 101 and 99 ewes of the respective breeds were included in this study. We identified 65 different haplotypes in Polish Heath Sheep and 68 in Polish Lowland Sheep. The PCR-RFLP method and PCR products sequencing made it possible to identify two new sequences of exon 2 Ovar-DRB1 gene (AY230000 and AY248695). A distinct polymorphism in the exon 2 sequence presents possibilities for immune response toward a great variety of pathogens.
14

A novel sheep gene, MMP7, differentially expressed in muscles from black-boned sheep and local common sheep

88%
Yonggang L., Shizheng G.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2009
|
vol. 50
|
issue 3
253-256
EN
Differences in gene expression in muscles from Chinese black-boned sheep and local common sheep were investigated using mRNA differential display. One differentially expressed novel gene was identified through semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the full-length cDNA sequence was then obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The nucleotide sequence of this gene is not homologous to any of the known sheep genes, but it contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 416 amino acids, which has high homology with matrix metallopeptidase 7 (matrilysin, uterine) (MMP7) of 10 species: bovine (93%), rhesus monkey (75%), human (74%), pig (73%), chimpanzee (73%), dog (73%), horse (72%), mouse (66%), rat (65%), and chicken (53%). Thus the novel gene can be defined as the sheep MMP7 gene. It was finally assigned to GeneID:100192317. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the sheep MMP7 gene is closely related to the bovine MMP7. Our experiment is the first one to establish the primary foundation for further research on the sheep MMP7 gene.
15
Content available remote

Effective stimulation of daily LH secretion by the combined treatment with melatonin and naloxone in luteal-phase ewes

75%
Misztal T., Romanowicz K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2005
|
vol. 65
|
issue 1
1-9
EN
This study was designed to test the hypothesis that melatonin would intensify daily LH release after central blockade of the opiate receptors in sexually active ewes. The intracerebroventricular infusions of vehicle (control), melatonin, naloxone and melatonin in combination with naloxone were made in ewes in the luteal phase of the estrous cycle, from 2:00 P.M. to 5:00 P.M. Blood samples were collected from 11:00 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. at 10-min intervals. The mean plasma LH concentrations were measured before, during and after the infusions. The frequency and amplitude of LH pulses were determined during the whole experimental period. The LH concentrations recorded during melatonin or naloxone infusions were significantly higher than the concomitant concentration in vehicle-infused animals. The mean LH pulse amplitude in melatonin- and naloxone-treated ewes was also significantly higher than in controls. The LH concentration measured during the combined infusion of melatonin and naloxone was significantly higher than that during vehicle infusion. The LH concentration recorded in turn after the treatment was significantly higher than the concomitant concentrations in vehicle-, melatonin- and naloxone-infused animals. The mean LH pulse amplitude in this group was significantly higher than in the vehicle-infused group. These results indicate that blockade of the opiate receptors within the CNS facilitated effective stimulation of daily LH secretion by exogenous melatonin. In conclusion, a relationship between melatonin and endogenous opioid peptides may be crucial in enabling melatonin to exhibit stimulatory action on LH secretion during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in ewes.
16
Content available remote

Central estrogen-like effect of genistein on growth hormone secretion in the ewe

75%
Misztal T., Wankowska M., Gorski K., Romanowicz K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2007
|
vol. 67
|
issue 4
411-419
EN
The present study tested a hypothesis, whether plant-derived genistein influences the secretion of growth hormone (GH) in ewes, acting directly within the central nervous system (CNS). Starting six weeks after ovariectomy, ewes were infused intracerebroventricularly with genistein (n = 5) or 17beta-estradiol (n = 5), both in a total dose of 40 microg/400 microl/4 h, or with a vehicle (control, n = 5). All infusions were performed from 10:00 AM to 2:00 PM and blood samples were collected from 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM at 10-min intervals. Five genistein- and three vehicle-infused ewes were slaughtered the following morning. The plasma GH concentration was assayed by the radioimmunoassay method, and immunoreactivity of GH in the adenohypophysis was determined by immunohistochemistry. In genistein-infused ewes, mean plasma GH concentration was significantly higher during the whole period of infusion than the concomitant concentration in vehicle-infused ewes. However, examining data within group, GH secretion rose gradually, reaching a significant value during the second phase of genistein infusion. In 17beta-estradiol-infused animals, a significant increase in GH concentration was noted during the first two hours of the infusion, in comparison with vehicle-infused and also in comparison with genistein-infused ewes. Although a gradual increase in basic GH secretion continued in all treated groups during the afternoon and evening, mean plasma GH concentrations in genistein- and 17beta-estradiol-infused ewes were still significantly higher than in the vehicle-infused. The percentage of GH-positive cells in the adenohypophysis and the density of immunoreactive material in these cells decreased significantly in genistein-infused ewes, compared to the control, indicating diminished hormone storage. In conclusion, genistein as 17beta-estradiol, is an effective stimulator of GH secretion in ewes and may exert its effect at the level of the CNS.
17

Vitrification of mammalian oocytes and embryos

63%
Smorag Z., Gajda B.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 3
68-83
EN
Vitrification is a new approach to oocyte and embryo cryoconservation.It consists in the solidification of a solution caused by draastic increase in viscosity during cooling and not by crystalization.The application of this approach to cryoconservation of oocytes and embryos of different species depends upon the development of proper procedures and non-toxic media.From the technical point of view, the vitrification method is simple and relatively easily applicable under field conditions.The authors review the current procedures applied to oocytes and embryos of laboratory and farm animals.
18

IgG and IgM antigenic markers in sheep

63%
Skiba E., Wegrzyn J.
|
|
vol. 34
|
issue 4
345-355
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