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Optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology for the removal of phenol by emulsion liquid membrane

100%
Balasubramanian A., Venkatesan S.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 1
46-49
EN
Emulsion liquid membrane technique (ELM) was used for the extraction of phenol from synthetic and industrial effluents. In this study, the liquid membrane used for phenol removal was composed of kerosene as the solvent, Span-80 as the surfactant and Sodium hydroxide as an internal reagent. Statistical experimental design was applied for the optimization of process parameters for the removal of phenol by ELM. The effects of process parameters namely, Surfactant concentration, membrane or organic to internal phase ratio (M/I) and emulsion to an external phase ratio (E/E) on the removal of phenol were optimized using a response surface method. The optimum conditions for the extraction of phenol using Response surface methodology were: surfactant concentration - 4.1802%, M/I ratio: 0.9987(v/v), and E/E ratio: 0.4718 (v/v). Under the optimized condition the maximum phenol extraction was found to be 98.88% respectively.
2
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Modeling and optimizing of sonochemical degradation of Basic Blue 41 via response surface methodology

88%
Parsa J., Abbasi M.
Open Chemistry
|
2010
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vol. 8
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issue 5
1069-1077
EN
The nanocatalyst-assisted sonodegradation of Basic Blue 41 (BB41) dye in aqueous medium was modeled and optimized using response surface method (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design. The studied variables included pH, initial dye concentration, H2O2 concentration and sonolysis time while each factor varied at three levels: Low level (−1), Medium level (0) and High level (+1). The ultrasound -assisted degradation was well described by developing quadratic model with correlation value squared (R2) of 0.9114. Factor effects along with interaction effects were evaluated. The graphical optimization step was conducted to achieve the best experimental condition in dye removal. pH, H2O2 concentration and initial dye concentration of the reaction were investigated. It was recognized that at lower pH values the dye removal rate decreased. However, dye removal rate increased (82.5%) by increasing the concentration of H2O2 and by lowering the initial dye concentration. [...]
3
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Optimization and equilibrium studies of Pb(II) removal byGrewia Asiaticaseed: a factorial design approach

75%
Siyal A., Memon S., Khaskheli M.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 1
71-77
EN
This study aims to explore the efficiency of an agro waste material for the remediation of Pb(II) contaminated water. A factorial design approach is adopted to optimize removal efficiency and to study the interaction between effective variables. A face-centered Draper-Lin composite design predicted 100% removal efficiency at optimum variables; pH 8, initial concentration of Pb(II) ion 12mg/L, sorbent dose 200mg and agitation time 110 min. Regration coefficient (R2 = 99.9%) of a plot of the predicted versus the observed values and p value (>0.05) confirms the applicability of the predicted model. Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models were applicable to sorption data with the Langmuir sorption capacity of 21.61±0.78 mg/g. The energy of sorption was found to be 13.62±0.32 kJ/mol expected for ion-exchange or chemisorption nature of sorption process. Characterization of Grewia seed suggested a possible contribution of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the process of biosorption. The present study shows that Grewia seeds can be used effectively for the remediation of Pb(II) contaminated water.
4
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Production of Spindle Palm Petiole Fiber Reinforced High Density Polyethyele Composites

63%
Nneka E. L., Monday O., Nnaemeka O. B., Uzoma E. R.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2021
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vol. 38
98-119
EN
The work is on the production of spindle palm petiole fiber reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites. The Spindle Palm Petiole Fiber (SPPF) and HDPE composites were produced using injection molding machine. SPPF were characterized to determine their chemical compositions. Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied as an optimization tool of RSM for cellulose and tensile strength. The chemical composition of the SPPF is cellulose (65%), hemicelluloses (17.1%) and lignin (14.1%). Surface modifications of the fiber enhanced the properties of the fiber. Quadratic model adequately described the relationship between percentage cellulose yield and variables: chemical concentration, mass/volume ratio and time. The cellulose content at optimal level is 60.3% at 3.5wt% concentration, 4g/l mass/volume ratio and time of 16hr. Also for the composite, the quadratic model described the relationship between tensile strength and temperature, fiber/polymer ratio and time. The optimum tensile strength of 42.0 Mpa was obtained at fiber/polymer ratio of 29wt%, temperature of 172 °C and time of 10 min. Water absorbed by the untreated fiber was high compared to the chemically treated fiber. The chemical treatment created a better interfacial bonding of SPPF/HDPE and this could be responsible for the observations.
5
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Novel Calix[4]arene network resin for Cr(VI) ions Remediation: A Response Surface Approach

51%
Siyal A. N., Memon S. Q.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
21-28
EN
Novel Calix[4]arene Netwok (NCN) resin has been synthesized using Amberlite XAD-2 as the starting material. Hydroxyl groups have been introduced onto the para position of alkylated phenyl ring of Amberlite XAD-2 followed by the condensation to NCN by reacting it with formaldehyde. The NCN resin has been used for the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated water using factorial design approach. A face-centered Draper-Lin composite design predicted ~100% removal effi ciency at optimum variables (the initial concentration of Cr(VI) ion 10 mg/l sorbent dose 200 mg, agitation time 136 min and pH 2). The accuracy and the fi tting of the model were evaluated by ANOVA and R2 (0.9992) values. The 99.5% removal effi ciency has been achieved experimentally at the optimum values of the variables. The Langmuir and D-R isotherm models were applicable to the sorption data with the value of RL and the sorption free energy 0.0057-0.1 and 7.93 kJ/mol respectively, suggesting favorable and physical/ion-exchange nature of the sorption. The calculated sorption capacity was 176.1±2.4 mg/g. The recycling studies of NCN resin showed that the multiple use of resin is feasible. Effect of concomitants has also been studies and proposed method was applied successfully for removal (98.7%) of Cr (VI) from electroplating wastewater.
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