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1

Effect of hibernation on sodium and chloride ion transport in isolated frog skin

100%
Kosik-Bogacka D., Tyrakowski T.
|
2007
|
vol. 55
|
issue 1-2
47-51
EN
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hibernation on electrophysiological parameters of isolated frog skin under control incubation (Ringer solution) and after inhibition of Na+ and Cl- transepithelial transport by application of amiloride and bumetanide. The transepithelial electrical potential difference (PD in mV) was measured before and after mechanical stimulation of isolated frog skin. The tissues were mounted in a modified Ussing chamber. The results revealed a reduced PD of frog skin during hibernation. In February, as compared with November, PD of frog skin incubated in Ringer solution decreased by about 50%. Hibernation also affected hyperpolarization (dPD) of frog skin after mechanical stimulation. In November and December, dPD was about 50% and 30% lower, respectively, compared with the subsequent two months of the experiment. The incubation of frog skin with amiloride, a sodium ion channel blocker, resulted in reduced values of all measured electrophysiological parameters irrespective of the phase of hibernation. After application of chloride ion transport inhibitor (bumetanide), the PD in November and December decreased compared with the control incubation by about 80% and 75%, while in January and February by about 40% and 25%, respectively. In January and February dPD increased by four times and three times as compared with November and December. Hibernation reduces net ion flow in isolated frog skin. During the initial period of hibernation the sensitivity of the skin to mechanical stimulation also decreases. Towards the end of hibernation, on the other hand, excitation of mechanosensitive ion channels takes place.
2

Effects of macrophage depletion on peritoneal inflammation in swiss mice, edible frogs and goldfish

100%
Chadzinska M., Kolaczkowska E., Scislowska-Czarnecka A., Van_ R. N., Plytycz B.
Folia Biologica
|
2004
|
vol. 52
|
issue 3-4
225-231
EN
SWISS mice, edible frogs and goldfish i.p. injected with zymosan (Z groups) develop peritoneal inflammation connected with a massive intraperitoneal accumulation of leukocytes, which is significantly diminished in mice and fish (but not frogs) by supplementation of zymosan with morphine (ZM groups). In order to check the putative role of resident peritoneal macrophages in morphine-modulated zymosan-induced peritonitis, some animals were depleted of resident macrophages by repeated i.p. injections of clodronate-liposomes (CL) followed by Z or ZMinjection. In SWISS mice such CL-induced removal of Mac-3-positive cells (macrophages) resulted in an enhanced influx and prolonged accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in CL-Z and CL-ZM groups in comparison with their counterparts with intact macrophages. Nevertheless, supplementation of zymosan with morphine inhibited the early stages of peritonitis in CL-treated animals as it did in untreated mice. This indicates that intact peritoneal macrophages of SWISS mice are important for limiting PMN accumulation, perhaps mainly through the release of IL-10, but are not critical for the induction of anti-inflammatory effects of morphine during the early stages of peritonitis. Unexpectedly, macrophage depletion in CL-treated frogs and fish resulted in a lack of a typical peritonitis in both Z and ZM groups of these ectothermic animals.
3

Persistence of all-hybrid water frog popularions (Rana kl.esculenta) in northern Germany

75%
Berger L., Berger W. A.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
|
vol. 35
|
issue 1-2
73-80
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