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Microbial Quality, Proximate, and Mineral Composition of Different Species of Freshwater Snails: A Comparative Study on Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822), Lanistes libycus (Morelet, 1848), and Pomacea canaliculate (Lamarck, 1822)

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Omorodion N. J. P., Onwusoro D. I.

World News of Natural Sciences

2024

vol. 57

256-269

This study presents a thorough investigation into the microbial and mineral composition of freshwater snails, specifically Achatina fulica, Lanistes libycus, and Pomacea canaliculata, employing standard microbiological methods. Microbial assessments revealed significant variation in heterotrophic bacteria counts across the species. For Achatina fulica, counts ranged from 5.0 × 10⁷ cfu/g to 4.45 × 10⁹ cfu/g. In Lanistes libycus, the counts varied from 3.6 × 10⁵ cfu/g to 2.02 × 10⁷ cfu/g, while Pomacea canaliculata exhibited counts from 7.95 × 10⁵ cfu/g to 2.78 × 10⁶ cfu/g. Vibrio counts demonstrated diversity, with Achatina fulica showing a range from 1.35 × 10³ CFU/g to 1.78 × 10⁴ cfu/g, Lanistes libycus ranging from 4.05 × 10³ cfu/g to 7.1 × 10³ cfu/g, and Pomacea canaliculata presenting counts between 1.4 × 10³ cfu/g and 8.5 × 10³ CFU/g. Staphylococcus counts varied among the species: Achatina fulica had counts ranging from 2.95 × 10⁴ cfu/g to 2.51 × 10⁵ cfu/g, Lanistes libycus ranged from 9.05 × 10³ cfu/g to 5.7 × 10⁴ cfu/g, and Pomacea canaliculata exhibited counts between 9.0 × 10² cfu/g and 1.98 × 10⁴ cfu/g. Coliform counts also demonstrated a wide range, with the highest counts observed in Achatina fulica (from 7.6 × 10⁴ cfu/g to 2.18 × 10⁶ cfu/g), Lanistes libycus ranging from 4.469 × 10⁴ cfu/g to 8.356 × 10⁵ cfu/g, and Pomacea canaliculata showing counts between 3.05 × 10⁴ cfu/g and 1.95 × 10⁵ cfu/g. Morphological and biochemical characterization identified thirteen genera of bacteria, including 19.2% Staphylococcus, 4.3% Micrococcus, 8.5% Bacillus, 6.2% Corynebacterium, 11.3% Escherichia coli, 5.0% Klebsiella, 10.6% Pseudomonas, 9.2% Vibrio, 5.0 Serratia, 7.1% Enterobacter, 3.6% Salmonella, 4.3% Citrobacter, and 5.7% Proteus. The proximate composition analysis revealed variations in ash content, moisture content, lipid content, crude protein, and carbohydrate levels among the species. The mineral analysis included measurements of phosphorus, calcium, and potassium content across the different snail species. These findings enhance our understanding of the microbial ecology, nutritional richness, and mineral composition of freshwater snails. This research lays a foundation for future investigations into the ecological significance of these snails and their potential applications in human nutrition, highlighting their importance in both ecological conservation and dietary considerations.

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1 World News of Natural Sciences

1 2024

1 Omorodion N. J. P.

1 Onwusoro D. I.

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Microbial Quality, Proximate, and Mineral Composition of Different Species of Freshwater Snails: A Comparative Study on Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822), Lanistes libycus (Morelet, 1848), and Pomacea canaliculate (Lamarck, 1822)