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Porous substrates for intermediate temperature SOFCs and in-cell reforming catalysts

100%
Smorygo O., Sadykov V., Mikutski V., Marukovich A., Ilyushchanka A., Yarkovich A., Mezentseva N., Bobrova L., Fedorova Y., Pelipenko V., Arapova M., Smirnova A.
Catalysis for Sustainable Energy
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2012
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vol. 1
90-99
EN
The paper reviews results of development of new composite foam substrates with the graded structure for the intermediate temperature SOFC and structured catalysts of fuels reforming. Ni-Al substrates with porosity of 60-80% were prepared by compressive deformation of open cell metal foams followed by pack aluminizing. Testing in corrosive media revealed advantages of Ni-Al substrates over Fechraloy ones. Button-size thin film solid oxide fuel cell supported on this substrate demonstrated promising performance in the intermediate temperature range. These substrates were shown to be compatible with nanocomposite active components for the fuel reforming comprised of Ni-based alloys strongly interacting with perovskite/fluorite complex oxides with a high oxygen mobility and reactivity. High activity and coking stability of these structured catalysts in steam/autothermal reforming of natural gas, ethanol and acetone was demonstrated without a remarkable impact of heat and mass transfer. A close performance was demonstrated for fuel cells operating on wet H2 or in the mode of internal reforming of natural gas using these catalysts. A concept of the substrate with the graded pore structure and composition was offered.
2
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Deposition of a polymeric porous superhydrophobic thin layer on the surface of poly(vinylidenefluoride) hollow fiber membrane

88%
Ahmad A. L., Mohammed H. N., Ooi B. S., Leo C. P.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2013
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vol. 15
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issue 3
1-6
EN
Porous superhydrophobic layer of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was created by a simple approach on the Poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes. Acetone and ethanol mixtures with different volume ratios were used as the non-solvent on the coating surface. A 5:1 (v/v) acetone/ethanol ratio provided a porous surface with a 152° ± 3.2 water contact angle. The high contact angle could reduce membrane wettability for better carbon dioxide capture when the membrane was used as gas-liquid contactor in absorption processes. To assess the effect of the created superhydrophobic layer, the pristine and modified membranes were tested in a CO2 absorption system for ten days. The results revealed that the absorption flux in the modified membrane was higher than that of pristine membrane.
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