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1

Comparative analysis of alphaglobin and carbonic anhydrase I cDNAs of the opossum Monodelphis domestica with related vertebrate sequences

100%
Barome P.-O.
Folia Biologica
|
2003
|
vol. 51
|
issue 1-2
81-84
EN
Alphaglobin and carbonic anhydrase I coding sequences and part of their flanking untranslated regions were isolated from a cDNA library of the opossum Monodelphis domestica. This paper describes their characteristics and presents a brief phylogenetic analysis of these sequences and related ones.
2

Ultrastructural studies of the ovary of Palaeococcus fuscipennis (Burmeister) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Coccinea: Monophlebidae)

88%
Szklarzewicz T., Kedra K., Niznik S.
|
|
issue 1-2
45-50
EN
Ovaries of Palaeocoocus fuscipennis are composed of about 100 telotrophic ovarioles that are devoid of terminal filaments. In the ovariole a tropharium (=trophic chamber) and vitellarium can be distinguished. The tropharium contains 7 trophocytes. A single oocyte develops in the vitellarium. The oocyte is surrounded by follicular cells that do not undergo diversification into subpopulations. The obtained results are discussed in a phylogenetic context.
3

Chromosome evolution in the genus Poecilimon (Orthoptera, Tettigonioidea, Phanero- pteridae)

88%
Warchalowska-Sliwa E., Heller K. G., Maryanska-Nadachowska A., Lehmann A.
Folia Biologica
|
2000
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vol. 48
|
issue 3-4
127-136
EN
Cytotaxonomic analysis of 20 species and subspecies of the genus Poecilimon using C-banding pattern, chiasma frequency, and morphometric characteristics of the chromosomes were described. Using a cladistic analysis the chromosome data provided a basis to produce a phylogenetic tree which was compared with a tree based on morphological characters and DNA sequence data. There are importent differences in the grouping of data sets to species obtained on the basis of morphology/DNA analyses and that based on chromosomes. The explanation of the differences between C-banding patterns and taxonomic proximity is probably that the C-banding pattern changes quickly as the result of the high degree of variation of constitutive heterochromatin.
4

Organization of the egg chambers in Hydradephaga (Insecta, Coleoptera-Adephaga) and its phylogenetic significance

88%
Jaglarz M. K., Bilinski S. M.
Folia Biologica
|
1998
|
vol. 46
55-60
EN
The structure of the ovaries in three representatives of Hydradephaga (Haliplus flavicollis, Gyrinus natator and Orectochilus villosus) and one of Geadephaga (Carabus variolosus) was studied. In all the investigated species the ovarioles are of the meroistic polytrophic type. Within ovarioles several egg chambers occur, clearly separated into two compartments: one occupied by nurse cells and the other by an oocyte. The analysis of serial semithin sections revealed that the clusters of the germ cells are branched and that there are always 7 nurse cells in the egg chambers in the examined Hydradephaga. In contrast, the number of nurse cells in Carabus variolosus egg chambers is variable and much greater (around 60). In addition, in the last species a few trophocytes were found containing 2 nuclei. In view of the results obtained the possible phylogenetic implications are discussed. A tentative hypothesis is proposed that a small and constant number of the nurse cells might be a plesiomorphic condition for the suborder Adephaga.
5

Use of RAPD technique in evolution studies of four species in the family Canidae

88%
Stepniak E., Zagalska M. M., Switonski M.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2002
|
vol. 43
|
issue 4
489-499
EN
The RAPD-PCR technique was applied to identify genetic markers able to distinguish between four canid species: the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), Chinese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides) and six breeds of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). A total of 29 ten-nucleotide arbitrary primers were screened for their potential use in the differentiation of these species. Ten primers amplified RAPD profiles that made it possible to distinguish between the investigated taxa. A number of species-specific bands was scored within RAPD profiles produced by these primers: 35.6% of all the polymorphic bands were unique to the Chinese raccoon dog, 29.6% were unique to the domestic dog, 21.2% were diagnostic for the red fox and 13.6% for the arctic fox. No breed-specific fragments were amplified from canine DNA; however, three primers produced bands characteristic for the dog, but not present in all of the investigated breeds. A Neighbor-Joining tree constructed on the basis of the analysis of RAPD profiles amplified by six primers revealed that the phylogenetic distance between the dog and the arctic fox is larger than the distance between the dog and the red fox. The phylogenetic branch of the Chinese raccoon dog was the most distinct on the dendrogram, suggesting that this species belongs to a different phylogenetic lineage. Obtained results make it possible to conclude that RAPD analysis can be a powerful tool for developing molecular markers useful in distinguishing between species of the family Canidae and for studying their phylogenetic relations.
6

New insights into phylogeny from genomic point of view

88%
Sobczynski M., Mackiewicz P., Mackiewicz D., Smolarczyk K., Cebrat S.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 3
102-117
EN
Availability of fully sequenced genomes contributes to the development of new science named phylogenomics which opens new possibilities of phylogenetic analyses and study of genome evolution based on the whole information coded in genomic DNA. The advantages and disadvantages of the new methods are described. Despite many phenomena such as lineage-specific gene loss, gene duplication and horizontal gene transfer disturbing phylogenetic analyses, the new methods are able to extract some phylogenetic signals in the analysed genomes and construct reliable phylogenetic trees. The genome-based studies support not only the three-domain concept of Tree of Life but they identify previously undetected major clades of prokaryotes as well.
7

Structure of ovaries and oogenesis in Corydalidae and Chauliodidae (Insecta, Megaloptera). I. Architecture of adult ovarioles and previtellogenesis

88%
Szymanska B., Kubrakiewicz J., Jankowska W., Bilinski S. M.
Folia Biologica
|
2001
|
vol. 49
|
issue 1-2
91-97
EN
The results of histological and EM studies on the ovaries of three representatives of Megaloptera: Chauliodes pectinicornis, Nigronia fasciata (Chauliodidae), and Corydalus peruvianus Corydalidae) are presented. It is shown that the ovaries of all 3 investigated species are panoistic (secondary panoistic, = neopanoistic) and consist of numerous (more than a hundred) ovarioles that are differentiated into 3 well-defined regions: the terminal filament, the germarium, and the vitellarium. The germaria of adult females are apparently non-functional and contain germ and somatic cells in various stages of degeneration. The vitellaria are composed of 12 ? 15 developing ovarian follicles (= oocytes surrounded by follicular cells) in a linear arrangement. In adult females these follicles can be classified into early previtellogenic, late previtellogenic, vitellogenic, and choriogenic. During early previtellogenesis oocyte nuclei (= germinal vesicles) contain single nucleolar masses. Histochemical analyses indicate that within the masses DNA as well as AgNOR proteins are present. During subsequent stages of the previtellogenic growth nucleolar masses gradually break down into smaller aggregations of coarse granular material, i.e. multiple nucleoli. In chauliodids the nucleoli are distributed evenly throughout the nucleoplasm while in the corydalid, C. peruvianus, they form a characteristic ring. The presented results are discussed in a phylogenetic context.
8

Karyotypes of the short-horned orthopteran insects (Orthoptera, Caelifera) from Russia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, and the Caucasus

75%
Burgov A. G.
|
|
vol. 44
15-25
EN
The results of comparative karyotypical studies of the Caelifera orthopteran insects from Russia, Kazakhstan, Central, Asia and the Caucasus are summarized. Chromosome complements for 166 species belonging to the families: Eumastacidae (subfamily Gomphomastacinae; 2n male=19,21), Tetrigidae (2n male=13), Acrididae (2n male=23, 22, 21, 19, 17, 16), Pyrgomorphidae (2n male=19), and Pamphagidae (2n male=19,18) are presented.
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