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1

The role of Porphyromonas gingivalis proteinases in periodontitis

100%
Polanowska J., Polanowski A.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
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1997
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vol. 51
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issue 2
149-169
EN
Periodontitis, an inflammation of periodontal tissues, exists in several clinical forms. The most common one is adult periodontitis with Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative anaerobic rod, being generally regarded as the major pathogen involved in this disease. This organism produces a large quantity of proteolytic enzymes, as virulence factors, which are considered to play a crucial role in its pathogenecity. These enzymes are involved in both destruction of periodontal tissues and interrupting host-defence mechanisms through the degradation of immunoglobulins and complement factors leading eventually to disease progression.
2

Expressions of selected adhesion molecules on peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with aggressive periodontitis

80%
Pietruska M., Zak J., Pietruski J., Wysocka J.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 53
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issue 3
266-271
EN
Aggressive forms of periodontitis lead to rapid bone destruction resulting in extensive losses in children's and young adults' dentition. Adhesion molecule deficiency syndrome and abnormalities in the expression of various adhesion molecules on peripheral blood leukocytes can be observed in prepubertal and aggressive periodontitis (AP) patients. The aim of the study was thus to assess the expression of selected cell adhesion molecules (CAMs; CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD54, and CD62L) on monocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes of the peripheral blood in patients with AP. The study involved 16 patients with AP and a control group of 13 generally healthy subjects with healthy periodontium. CAM expressions were determined by flow cytometry and presented as mean fluorescence intensity (MIF) and percentage of cells showing expression of the assessed adhesion molecules. Neutrophil CAM expressions in AP patients were comparable with those of the control group. MIF of CD62L on monocytes in AP patients was significantly lower than that of the controls. Lymphocytes showed increased CD11b expression compared with the control group. The percentage of leukocytes showing CAM expression in both groups was similar. Only the percentage of lymphocytes with CD11b in AP patients was significantly higher than in healthy controls. Because of the evident lack of differences between patients and controls and the great amount of individual dispersion of the results, the above CAMs on peripheral blood leukocytes in generally healthy patients with AP do not seem to be characteristic markers of this disease.
3

Total antioxidant status and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels in gingival and peripheral blood of periodontitis patient

80%
Konopka T., Krol K., Kopec W., Gerber H.
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issue 6
417-422
EN
Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine 8-OHdG concentration as a biomarker of oxidant-induced DNA damage and to assess total antioxidant status (TAS) in gingival and peripheral blood during periodontal lesion. Materials and Methods: The study included 56 untreated periodontitis patients (26 with aggressive periodontitis, and 30 with chronic periodontitis (CP). The control group consisted of 25 healthy volunteers without pathological changes in the periodontium. Competitive ELISA was used to measure 8-OHdG. A colorimetric method based on the reduction of ABTSo+ radical cation generation was used to measure TAS. Results: Significantly higher 8-OHdG concentrations were detected in the gingival blood in both groups of patients with periodontitis than in the control group. Subjects with CP had significantly decreased TAS levels in the gingival blood compared with the control group. A significantly decreased TAS level in the peripheral blood in both patient groups compared with the control group was found. Significant positive correlation between TAS levels in venous and gingival blood in all the periodontitis patients and in the CP group was observed. Conclusions: The oxidative burst in periodontitis may lead to significant local damage to nucleic acids. The significantly decreased TAS level in the gingival blood of CP patients compared with the healthy subjects suggests the possibility of a significant decrease in local antioxidant system capacity during the course of periodontitis. The decreased TAS level in the peripheral blood in the group of all patients with periodontitis may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the links between periodontal disease and several systemic diseases for which periodontitis is regarded as a independent risk factor.
4

The effects of the initial treatment phase and of adjunctive low-dose doxycycline therapy on clinical parameters and MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels in the saliva and peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis

80%
Gorska R., Nedzi-Gora M.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2006
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vol. 54
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issue 6
419-426
EN
Introduction: The treatment of periodontal disease can consist of bacterial plaque reduction, risk factor elimination, and metalloproteinase inhibitor medication. The level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are regulated by endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) as well as therapeutic low-dose doxycycline. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the initial phase of periodontal treatment and the effect of doxycycline on clinical parameters and the MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 concentrations in the saliva and peripheral blood of patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 33 patients with chronic periodontitis. Conventional periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing) was conducted on all the patients and doxycycline (20 mg orally) was administered twice daily for three months. Thirty-three controls received the conventional treatment only. Clinical scores (PI, BI, PD, CAL) were recorded before and three months after the treatment. MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 concentrations in saliva and peripheral blood were measured by ELISA before and after the treatment of 20 patients from the study group and 13 of the controls.Results: The application of doxycycline 20 mg resulted in significant improvement in clinical parameters compared with the conventional periodontal treatment. Doxycycline did not produce significant reductions in MMP-8 and MMP-9 levels in saliva observed after the conventional treatment. The study revealed increases in the TIMP-1 concentration and the MMP-8/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios in saliva and blood after treatment with doxycycline. Conclusions: The study confirmed the modulating effect of doxycycline on the host response in chronic periodontitis.
5

Evaluation of selected peripheral blood leukocyte functions in patients with various forms of periodontal disease

80%
Pietruska M., Zak J., Wysocka J., Jaworowska B., Zelazowska B., Lipska A., Stokowska W.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2004
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vol. 52
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issue 3
208-212
EN
Periodontitis (P) is an infectious disease that develops in the supporting tissues of the tooth. One of the risk factors leading to it may be dysfunction of some immune system cells. Therefore, the object of the study was to assess selected functions of peripheral blood leukocytes in patients with various forms of P. As leukocytes are able to secrete interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-6, concentrations of their soluble receptors and the expression of their membrane receptors were investigated. Twenty generally healthy subjects with agressive (AP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 8 healthy subjects, with no changes in periodontium. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and cultured. Levels of IL-4, IL-6, and their soluble receptors sIL-4R and sIL-6R were determined in the supernatant by ELISA. The expressions of cell surface IL-4R and IL-6R were assayed on PBMC using flow cytometry. No statistically significant differences were found in the selected parameters between people with periodontal disease and healthy controls. However, in subjects with AP, there was an increasing tendency in IL-6 concentration and IL-4R expression on PBMCs. Our results show that leukocytes play a significant part in P and their activity is probably lesion-dependent. Estimation of the cytokines secreted by leukocytes may facilitate differentiation and prognosis of the disease progression.
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