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1

Factors responsible for modulation of ribosomal RNA transcription

100%
Wnuk M., Slota E., Kotylak Z., Bugno M.
Folia Biologica
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2006
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vol. 54
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issue 1-2
1-8
EN
The aetiology of variation in transcription of ribosomal genes is still an open question. Investigations carried out in many organisms showed that the variation depends not only on genetic mechanisms such as rDNA methylation, elimination of rDNA or the position effects. In this review, we discuss the results of the studies on repression of rRNA transcriptional activation from protein factors to conditions of cell culture, which may influence the variation of nucleolar organizer region activity.
2

Holocentric chromosomes of Psocids (Insecta, Psocoptera) analysed by C-banding, silver impregnation and sequence specific fluorochromes CMA3 and DAPI

100%
Golub N. V., Nokkala S., Kuznetsova V. G.
Folia Biologica
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2004
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vol. 52
|
issue 3-4
143-149
EN
The pattern of nucleolus attachment and C-heterochromatin distribution and molecular composition in the karyotypes of psocid species Psococerastis gibbosa (2n = 16+X), Blaste conspurcata (2n = 16+X) and Amphipsocus japonicus (2n = 14+neo-XY) were studied by C-banding, silver impregnation and sequence specific fluorochromes CMA3 and DAPI. Every species was found to have a single nucleolus in male meiosis. In P. gibbosa the nucleolus is attached to an autosomal bivalent; in B. conspurcata to the X-chromosome; in A. japonicus to the neo-XY bivalent. The species show a rather small amount of constitutive heterochromatin, C-blocks demonstrating telomeric localization with rare exceptions. P. gibbosa is characterized by a polymorphism for C-blocks occurrence and distribution. In the autosomes of this species, C-heterochromatin consists of AT-rich DNA except for the nucleolus organizing region, which is also GC-rich; the X-chromosome shows both AT- and GC-rich clusters. In A. japonicus and B. conspurcata, C-heterochromatin of the autosomes and sex chromosomes consists of both GC-rich and AT-rich DNA clusters, which are largely co-localized.
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