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1

The receptors regulating natural cytotoxic effector functions

100%

Nikolova M., Boumsell L., Bensussan A.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2001

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vol. 49

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issue 2

91-100

EN

Natural cytotoxic effector functions are regulated by a multitude of opposing signals provided by immunoglobulin and lectin-like functional molecules. While inhibitory receptors possess ITIM cytoplasmic sequences recruiting tyrosine phosphatases, activatory receptors require association with accessory ITAM-bearing molecules. One considerable group of natural cytotoxic cell receptors are specific for classical and non-classical class I antigens and detect both qualitative and quantitative changes in the autologous MHC-I phenotype. Non-MHC-I specific receptors provide signaling in the absence of MHC-I antigens or in response to not well-known stress-induced antigens. NK cell receptors may equally participate in the regulation of target cell functions through contact or soluble mediator-dependent mechanisms. The identification of NK cell-regulating molecules has lead to the elucidation of more general principles underlying immune homeostasis.

2

NK T Cell-NK cell cross-talk: reciprocal interaction and activation?

80%

Wesley J., Brossay L.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2003

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vol. 51

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issue 2

121-126

EN

Initiation and propagation of the immune response is the result of a series of coordinated cellular and biochemical interactions that lead to the activation of multiple cell types. It is now clear that an optimal immune response requires a precise and rapid communication between different cell subsets. This phenomenon, referred to as cross-talk, is believed to be an essential component of the immune response that provides necessary inflammatory mediators and cytolytic activity for controlling infections and diseases. An example of an effective cooperation between different cell types has been recently illustrated by the finding that specific activation of CD1 restricted natural killer T cells (NK T) can quickly lead to the activation of other subsets of cells such as natural killer (NK) and CD8 T cells.

3

Are NKT cells essential for endotoxic shock?

80%

Emoto M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2003

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vol. 51

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issue 4

231-236

EN

Endotoxic shock is a major health threat caused by Gram-negative bacteria and their unique cell wall component, lipopolysaccharide which induces exaggerated production of proinflammatory cytokines. Although macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock, NK1+ cells are also involved in this mechanism. NK1+ cells comprise two major populations, namely NK cells and NKT cells. It remains, however, elusive whether either NK cells, NKT cells or both are involved in induction of endotoxic shock. This review will focus on the relative contribution of these NK1+ cells to the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock.

4

Opiate abuse, innate immunity, and bacterial infectious diseases

51%

Wang J., Barke R. A., Ma J., Charboneau R., Roy S.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2008

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vol. 56

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issue 5

299-309

EN

The first line of defense against invading bacteria is provided by the innate immune system. Morphine and other opiates can immediately disrupt the body's first line of defense against harmful external bacteria. Opiate, for example morphine, abuse degrades physical and physiologic barriers, and modulates phagocytic cells (macrophages, neutrophils) and, nonspecific cytotoxic T cells (gd T), natural killer cells, and dendritic cells, that are functionally important for carrying out a rapid immune reaction to invading pathogens. In vitro studies with innate immune cells from experimental animals and humans and in vivo studies with animal models have shown that opiate abuse impairs innate immunity and is responsible for increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. However, to better understand the complex interactions between opiates, innate immunity, and bacterial infection and develop novel approaches to treat and even prevent bacterial infection in the opiate-abuse population, there is an urgent need to fill the numerous gaps in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which opiate abuse increases susceptibility to bacterial infection.

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4 Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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1 Charboneau R.

1 Emoto M.

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1 Wesley J.

The receptors regulating natural cytotoxic effector functions

NK T Cell-NK cell cross-talk: reciprocal interaction and activation?

Are NKT cells essential for endotoxic shock?

Opiate abuse, innate immunity, and bacterial infectious diseases