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CORRELATION OF MORNING SALIVARY CORTISOL-MELATONIN RATIO WITH QEEG AND DELAYED RECALL IN AGING

100%
Sroykham W., Wongsawat Y.
Acta Neuropsychologica
|
2018
|
vol. 16(2)
177-188
EN
Melatonin and cortisol are the main hormones of the circadian rhythm, which effect cognitive decline during aging. An imbalance of circadian rhythm hormones serves as an early sign of the progress of age-related disease and brain pathology in aging. The aim of this study was to determine the cortisol-melatonin ratio in relation to brain activity and cognitive function in aging. Sixty-four aging subjects were recruited from the brain healthy project. The morning salivary of all subjects was collected for cortisol and melatonin levels analysis. The brain activity was recorded for 5 minutes in the eyes open condition and seven cognitive functions were assessed by the MoCA. The results were divided into a low ratio group and a high ratio group of cortisol-melatonin ratio. The low ratio group and the high ratio group differed in the delta-beta ratio at the left temporal lope (p < .05), and the delayed recall in the high ratio group was markedly higher than in the low ratio group. Moreover, the cortisol-melatonin ratio was strongly correlated with delayed recall (p < .05), the delta-beta ratio in the left temporal lope (p <.05), the theta alpha ratio in the left temporal lope (p < .05), and right temporal lope (p < .05). We found that a low cortisol-melatonin ratio corresponded to a high delta-beta ratio and a high thetaalpha ratio at the left temporal lobe with a low score of delayed recall function, but a high cortisol-melatonin ratio corresponded to a low delta-beta ratio and a low theta-alpha ratio at the left temporal lobe with a high score of delayed recall. The imbalance of the circadian hormone related to cognitive function and brain activity in aging could serve as a biomarker of age-related diseases.
2
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Melatonin protection against burn-induced liver injury. A review

86%
Bekyarova G., Tzaneva M., Hristova M., Hristov K.
Open Medicine
|
2014
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vol. 9
|
issue 1
148-158
EN
Severe thermal injury may be complicated by dysfunction of organs distant from the original burn wound, including the liver, and represents a serious clinical problem. Although pathophysiology of burn-induced liver injury remains unclear, increasing evidence implicate activation of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory disorders as the main mechanisms of hepatic injury. Several studies suggest melatonin as a multifunctional indolamine that counteracts some of the pathophysiologic steps and displays significant beneficial effects against burn-induced cellular injury. This review summarizes the role of melatonin in restricting the burn-induced hepatic injury and focuses on its effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction and microcirculatory disorders as well as on signaling pathways such as regulation of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB). Further studies are necessary to elucidate the modulating effect of melatonin on the transcription factor responsible for the regulation of the pro-inflammatory and antioxidant genes involved in burn injuries.
3
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Effective melatonin protection of burn-induced hepatic disorders in rats

72%
Bekyarova G., Bratchkova Y., Tancheva S., Hristova M.
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2012
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vol. 7
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issue 4
533-538
EN
We studied the effect of melatonin on morphological and functional disorders using serum markers of liver dysfunction such as cholinesterase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, hepatic protein content and malondialdehyde in a burned-rat model. Melatonin (10 mg/kg (−1), i.p) was administered immediately and then 12 h after 30% of total body surface area burns of male Wistar rats. The burns induced an increase of hepatic malondialdehyde levels by 166% (p<0.001), and also vascular congestion, leukocyte infiltration around the central veins, intracellular vacuolization, hepatic cell degeneration and apoptotic bodies (Councilman’s bodies). These changes were associated with significantly reduced serum cholinesterase (36%), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (76%), hepatic proteins (52%) and serum albumin (37%) (p<0.001–0.0001). Treatment with melatonin reduced elevated hepatic malondialdehyde values by 50% (p<0.01). Melatonin restricted degenerative alteration in the hepatocytes: it protected the burninduced decrease of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activity by 48% (p<0.01), hepatic proteins by 64% (p<0.01), and serum activity of cholinesterase as the only marker of liver damaged synthetic function by 57% (p<0.0001) but did not exert any significant influence on serum albumin concentration. Melatonin repaired the pathomorphological lesions and functional disorders. It could restore liver damage following thermal injury in humans.
4
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Impact of melatonin on immunity: a review

72%
Pohanka M.
Open Medicine
|
2013
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vol. 8
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issue 4
369-376
EN
Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland. In addition to its hormonal effect, it has strong antioxidant properties. Melatonin is probably best known for its ability to control circadian rhythm; it is sold in many countries as a supplement or drug for improving of sleep quality. However, melatonin’s effect is not limited to control of circadian rhythm:. it is involved in other effects, including cell cycle control and regulation of several important enzymes, including inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Melatonin affects immunity as well. It can modulate the immune response on disparate levels with a significant effect on inflammation. The role of melatonin in body regulatory process is not well understood; only limited conclusions can be drawn from known data. The current review attempts to summarize both basic facts about melatonin’s effects and propose research on the lesser known issues in the future.
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