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1

Mannose-binding lectin enhances the attachment and phagocytosis of mycobacteria in vitro

100%
Bonar A., Chmiela M., Rudnicka W., Rozalska B.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 53
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issue 5
437-441
EN
Phagocytosis is the critical first step in the Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis-phagocyte interaction. The process involves microbial ligands and phagocyte surface receptors. It is known that serum mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an innate immune system component, may enhance the uptake of microbes by phagocytic cells and activate the complement system. Since phagocytes are the replicative environment for mycobacteria and, as we described earlier, tuberculosis patients differ from controls in serum MBL level, we asked whether MBL plays a role in promoting M. tuberculosis access to phagocytic cells. To estimate the influence of MBL on the phagocytic process, FITC-labeled Mycobacterium bovis BCG was used as a model bacterium. Neutrophils from healthy individuals were used as phagocytes. Phagocytosis was performed in the presence or absence of recombinant MBL (rMBL; 2 or 20 g/ml). The activation of complement was determined by dot-blot immune assay with monoclonal antibodies against C5b-C9. We showed that phagocytosis of the bacteria was more intensive in the presence of human rMBL. Both attachment and ingestion of mycobacteria were enhanced when MBL and active complement components (fresh serum) were present in the medium. The dot-blot method showed that the bacteria slightly activated complement by themselves. This effect was enhanced in the phagocyte-bacteria co-cultures containing rMBL.It is possible that MBL may serve in vivo as one of the factors facilitating the entry of mycobacteria into phagocytes, pathogen spread, and the establishment of infection.
2

Mycobacteria in current genetic research

100%
Golanska E., Sasiak A., Jaworski A., Chmiel A.
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EN
The article reviews the development of molecular investigations of the genus Mycobacterium. Achievements and difficulties of the genetics of mycobacteria are presented. Vectors and selectable markers commonly used in genetic manipulations and methods of introduction of foreign DNA into mycobacteria are described. The stress is laid not only on the research of the virulent mycobacteria, but also on molecular investigations of the non-pathogenic strains used in steroid drugs industry.
3

Prospects for development of new antimycobacterial drugs, with special reference to a new benzoxazinorifamycin, KRM-1648

88%
Tomioka H.
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EN
In this article, I have thoroughly reviewed the status of development of new antimycobacterial drugs, in particular, rifamycin derivatives (rifabutin, rifapentine, and a new benzoxazinorifamycin, KRM-1648), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, sitafloxacin, moxifloxacin, and others), new macrolides (clarithromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin), and others. In this review, I have mainly described the in vitro and in vivo activities of these drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium avium complex. In addition, therapeutic efficacy of these drugs in cases of clinical treatment of mycobacterial infections have also been briefly mentioned.
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