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1

Cytogenetic markers of Brassica napus L. chromosomes

100%
Hasterok R., Maluszynska J.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2000
|
vol. 41
|
issue 1
1-9
EN
Brassica napus has relatively small and poorly differentiated chromosomes. The total length, arm ratio and localisation of 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA genes formed the basis for the preparation of the ideogram of metaphase chromosomes. The morphometric features of the B. napus chromosomes allow for their classification into three morphological groups, but it is difficult to distinguish particular chromosome pairs within the groups. rRNA genes are present in 12 chromosomes of the diploid complement and are located in three chromosomal positions: secondary constrictions, terminal and pericentromeric regions. All rDNA loci at the secondary constriction are active. The signals of in situ hybridisation with rDNA co-localise with CMA positive bands in most of the loci. It was found that rRNA genes are good markers for some B. napus chromosomes, but still more cytogenetic markers are needed for the identification of all chromosome pairs.
2

Nucleic acids in situ hybridization: from ISH to DIRVISH

88%
Maluszynska J.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 2
92-101
EN
In situ hybridization (ISH) provides a highly sensitive method for the detection of specific nucleic acid sequances in cells, nuclei and metaphase chromosomes.This technique has been improved continuously since it was first established in 1969.Especially fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) rapidly replaced radioactive procedures and became a conventional tool in cytogenetic research.ISH plays an increasingly important role in a variety of reserch areas of medicine, genetics and plant breding.It has been succesfully applied for chromosome or chromosome fragments identification, chromosomal abormlities detection, gene mapping or specific DNA sequences localization.
3

Cytogenetic analysis of genome structure of polyploids

75%
Maluszynska J.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 1
35-41
EN
Polyploidization is a widespread and important process in the plant evolution and in individual plant development. Polyploids are used in plant breeding programs for improving different crop varieties. Genome spontaneously becomes autoplyploid via chromosomal nondisjunction in mitosis or meiosis, endoreduplication, cell fusion or inhibition of cytokinesis. Polyploids also occur among regenerated plants from in vitro culture or during transformation process. Comparative molecular and cytogenetic genome investigations have revealed that many plant species recognised as diploids are in fact polyploids. Molecular cytogenetics methods, especially genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), allow for distinguishing ancestral genomes and chromosomal rearrangements appearing in the course of evolution or/and biotechnological manipulations.
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