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1

Selection of tomato plants resistant to a local Polish isolate of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)

100%
Czech A. S., Szklarczyk M. G. Z., Zukowska E., Michalik B., Kobylko T., Strzalka K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2003
|
vol. 44
|
issue 4
473-480
EN
We found that the Sw-5 gene confers resistance to one of the Polish isolates of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). A series of tomato breeding accessions was analysed along with standards of resistance and susceptibility to TSWV. The presence of the Sw-5 gene was determined using the available PCR marker. Subsequently plants from these accessions were grown in the presence of the TSWV isolate from Poland. Some of them developed severe symptoms of the TSWV disease. Expression of the virus proteins was also assayed in tissues of the investigated plants. We found general agreement between either lack or presence of the disease symptoms, virus proteins and resistance gene. Some observed discrepancies of these data are also discussed. Our results indicate that marker-assisted selection can be used for breeding of the TSWV-resistant tomato in Poland.
2

Towards the introducing of resistance to powdery mildew from Lycopersicon hirsutum into L. esculentum

80%
Kozik E. U.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2001
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vol. 42
|
issue 1
33-42
EN
Genes of resistance to Oidium lycopersicum from Lycopersicon hirsutum LA 1775 were introduced to L. esculentum. Breeding procedures were based on a one-way programme up to the F2 generation and then four different methods were adopted to obtain F4 and BC4 populations. Screening tests among those hybrid populations were performed in a greenhouse and showed segregation for resistance to powdery mildew due to different genetic backgrounds of the families derived from four breeding methods that changed the status of the gene/genes responsible for resistance to powdery mildew. F4 and BC4 populations varied in relation to morphological traits (fruit size and weight, seed and fruit productivity, number of locules). There was a significant progress in breeding in comparison to L. hirsutum regarding fruit size and weight, and the number of locules. Values of two other traits: seed and fruit productivity, that are correlated with self- and cross-compatibility, were low and similar to L. hirsutum. Therefore, another one or two backcrosses will probably improve seed and fruit productivity.
3

Chromosome number variation in somatic hybrids between transgenic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and Solanum lycopersicoides

80%
Kulawiec M., Tagashira N., Plader W., Bartoszewski G., Kuc D., Sniezko R., Malepszy S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2003
|
vol. 44
|
issue 4
431-447
EN
Leaf mesophyll protoplasts of Lycopersicon esculentum were fused with suspension-culture-derived protoplasts of Solanum lycopersicoides by a PEG treatment. Both species have the same chromosome number (2n = 2x = 24). The hybrid calli were selected using the full selection method ? kanamycin resistance and culture conditions critical for L. esculentum protoplast divisions. The genomic in situ hybridization analyses indicated a hypo- and hypertetraploid character of the hybrid plant with a majority of S. lycopersicoides chromosomes and a variation in chromosome number from 46 to 53. The hybrids contained a transgene derived from L. esculentum, as shown by Southern blot hybridization and PCR analyses. Their mitochondria were derived from the wild species, S. lycopersicoides. More than 60 regenerated plants were transferred into the greenhouse. They grew very slowly and were not able to flower for almost one year. The main morphological characters of the hybrids included a single shoot and small, dark-green leaves with strongly wrinkled blades. The reasons for nuclear genome asymmetry between hybrids and the possibilities of using them in a genetic and breeding programme are discussed in this paper.
4

Genetic analysis of selected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) traits in crosses between cultivated lines and the nor mutant

70%
Seroczynska A.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
1998
|
vol. 39
|
issue 3
259-273
EN
The aim of the study was to investigate the delayed ripening caused by the nor gene and its possible interaction with selected traits observed in two combinations, namely, Dw4 x nor and C36 x nor. The lines Dw4 and C36 differed from each other in the majority of examined characters. There was no significant effect of reciprocal crosses on these characters (total yield, number of fruits, fruit weight, locule number, earliness and fruit shelf life). In Dw4 x nor fruit weight was inherited with incomplete dominance of small fruit, while in C36 x nor the inheritance proved to be intermediate. This important statement made it possible to distinguish the hybrids characterised by fruit weight intermediate in relation to the parental forms. The experiments attested to the high significance of additive effects for fruit weight, periods from sowing to ripening and from flowering to ripening in both combinations and for locule number in Dw4 x nor. It was also found that the nor gene slightly delayed the onset of fruit ripening but did not affect such traits as total yield, number and weight of fruits, locule number and period from sowing to flowering. In its homozygous state the nor gene totally inhibited fruit ripening. However, as a heterozygote it revealed an intermediate action, slowing down fruit ripening and prolonging shelf life 2-3 times as compared with standard tomato. The expression of the nor gene was also found to be dependent on the genetic background. Line C36 positively influenced the flavour and firmness of hybrid fruits, while Dw4 had a negative effect on fruit quality.
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