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1

HLA-DR typing methods based on DNA analysis

100%

Bogunia-Kubik K.

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

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1997

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vol. 51

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issue 5

479-498

EN

The human major histocompatibility complex, encoding the HLA genes, is the most polymorphic system in humans. Allelic polymorphism within the HLA genes can be analyzed with the use of different molecular biology techniques allowing the analysis at the DNA level. In this paper PCR based typing methods of HLA-DR alleles are described.

2

Cytokine production by human leukocytes with different expressions of natural antiviral immunity and the effect of antibodies against interferons and TNF-alpha

80%

Orzechowska B., Antoszkow Z., Siemieniec I., Lorenc M., Jatczak B., Blach-Olszewska Z.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2007

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vol. 55

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issue 2

111-117

EN

Introduction: Two activities of innate antiviral immunity were studied: the resistance of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) ex vivo to viral infection and the production of cytokines. Materials and Methods: Samples of blood were taken from healthy blood donors and from persons with frequent infections of the upper respiratory system. PMBCs were isolated by gradient centrifugation. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was used as the indicatory virus to infect PMBCs. The cytokines: IFN, TNF, and IL-6 were titrated by biological methods and IL-10 by ELISA. Results: Blood donors were divided for two groups: those with VSV-resistant and those with VSV-sensitive PMBCs and secretion of cytokines by them was compared. The resistant PMBCs produced more cytokines than the sensitive ones. A statistically significant difference, was found only in the case of the IFNs. To examine the contribution of IFNs and TNF in maintaining resistance, leukocytes from both groups were treated with specific anti-cytokine antibodies. The authors' previous study showed that the elimination of spontaneous IFN-alpha IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha from resistant leukocytes resulted in increased VSV replication This indicates the important role of cytokines. In VSV-sensitive PMBCs, anti-IFN-alpha showed the opposite effect (decreased virus replication). In the absence of spontaneous IFN-alpha, disturbances in cytokine production were observed. Conclusions: Complete resistance of PMBC to VSV infection is accompanied by higher cytokine release, The paradoxical effect of anti-IFN-alpha on virus replication in leukocytes sensitive to viral infection may be attributed to changes in the cytokine profile balance, i.e. high TNF production by VSV-infected leukocytes and a complete reduction of IL-6 production.

3

A burgeoning family of biological mediators: chemokines and chemokine receptors

80%

Le Y., Gong W., Shen W., Li B., Dunlop N. M., Wang J. M.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2000

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vol. 48

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issue 3

143-150

EN

Chemokines are a superfamily of pro-inflammatory polypeptide cytokines that selectively attract and activate different cell types. Most of its members are small proteins that exhibit conserved cysteines in specific positions. Chemokines activate cells through their binding to shared or unique cell surface receptors which belong to the seven-transmembrane (STM), G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The large number of chemokines and chemokine receptors are indicative of the importance of these molecules in a variety of pathophysiological conditions.

4

Immunorelevant gene expression in LPS-challenged bovine mammary epithelial cells

80%

Pareek R., Wellnitz O., Van_ D. R., Burton J., Kerr D.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2005

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vol. 46

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issue 2

171-177

EN

Infection of the bovine mammary gland, in addition to causing animal distress, is a major economic burden of the dairy industry. Greater understanding of the initial host response to infection may lead to more accurate selection of resistant animals or to novel prophylactic or therapeutic intervention strategies. The epithelial cell plays a role in the host response by alerting the immune system to the infection and providing a signal as to where the infection is located. To understand this process better, a cDNA microarray approach was used to search for potential signals produced by mammary epithelial cells in response to exposure to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Total RNA from separate cultures of epithelial cells from 4 Holstein cows was harvested 6 h after LPS challenge or control conditions. For each cow, RNA from control or LPS-exposed cells was transcribed to cDNA and labeled with Cy3 or Cy5, then pooled and applied to a bovine total leukocyte (BOTL) microarray slide containing 1278 unique transcripts. Dye reversal was used so that RNA from two of the control cultures was labeled with Cy3 while RNA from the other two control cultures was labeled with Cy5. From the resulting microarray data we selected 4 of the 9 genes significantly (P < 0.02) induced (>1.25-fold) in response to LPS exposure for more detailed analysis. The array signal intensity for 3 of these genes, RANTES/CCL5, IL-6 and T-PA, was relatively low, but quantitative real-time RT-PCR (Q-RT-PCR) analysis revealed that they were induced 208-fold, 10-fold and 3-fold, respectively. The gene that showed the greatest fold induction by microarray analysis (2.5-fold) was CXCL5. This gene had a relatively strong signal intensity on the array and was easily detected by northern blot analysis, which indicated a 10-fold induction. This cell culture model system provides evidence for an important role of the mammary epithelial cell in initiating the innate response to infection.

5

Latent viral infections of cells of immuno system

80%

Blach-Olszewska Z.

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej

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1993

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vol. 47

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issue 6

403-413

6

Effect on peripheral blood natural killer cytotoxic cell activity in rats after intraperitoneal implantation of double veloured polyester (Dacron) prosthesis

70%

Jurkowski M. K., Bobek-Billewicz B., Cwiklinska-Jurkowska M., Jurkowski P.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2004

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vol. 52

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issue 2

129-136

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the changes affecting natural killer cytotoxic cell (NKCC) activity following intraperitoneal implantation of a double veloured polyester prosthesis in a rat model. Blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture 1 h before (base line) and 14, 28, 100 and and 180 days post-implantation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated from heparinized blood by density centrifugation. A standard, 4 h 51Cr-release assay against YAC-1 target cells at effector to target ratios of 12:1; 25:1 and 50:1 was performed and the number of total leukocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and large granular lymphocytes (LGLs), as well as serum corticosterone levels (radioimmunoassay method) were determined. Comparative analysis of the results obtained from animals with implants, baseline samples, and a control group (laparotomy only) revealed lower NKCC, LGL, leukocyte and lymphocyte counts and elevated plasma corticosterone levels in animals receiving the implant on the 14th day post-implantation. Our findings indicate that the polyester implant can transiently modulate immune system activities. Since NK cells are important in the control of viral infection and carcinogenesis in humans, it is possible that the stress generated by polyester prostheses can exacerbate the surgical stress and put patients at a higher risk for viral infection and/or metastases.

7

Role of the p38 MAPK pathway in induction of iNOS expression in human leukocytes

70%

Jablonska E., Ratajczak W., Jablonski J.

Folia Biologica

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2008

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vol. 56

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issue 1-2

83-89

EN

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the enzymes responsible for NO production in neutrophils (PMN) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Several studies have demonstrated that iNOS expression is controlled by a wide group of cytokines which achieve their biological effect through, among others, the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. The aim of the present study was to define the participation of the p38 MAPK pathway in the induction of iNOS expression and NO production by PMN and PBMC of healthy persons after stimulation of rhIL-15 and rhIL-18. We also estimated the influence of rhIL-15 and rhIL-18 on cGMP production by both population cells and the production of superoxide anion radicals by neutrophils. The results show that rhIL-15 and rhIL-18 induced an increase in the expression of iNOS and phospho-p38 MAPK in PMN and PBMC. We also found that PMN and PBMC, stimulated by these cytokines, released larger amounts of NO and cGMP in comparison with non-stimulated cells. Additionally, PMN showed a more pronounced ability to produce superoxide anions. The results suggest that iNOS activation in neutrophils and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with rhIL-15 and rhIL-18 may be achieved through the assistance of the p38 MAPK pathway.

8

Lipoxins and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxins are endogenous components of anti-inflammation: emergence of the counterregulatory side

61%

Serhan C. N.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2001

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vol. 49

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issue 3

177-188

EN

Eicosanoids are known to play important roles in cell-cell communications and as intracellular signals that are critical components of multi-cellular responses such as acute inflammation and reperfusion injury. Recent findings have given rise to several new concepts that are reviewed here regarding the generation of eicosanoids and their impact in inflammation. Lipoxins (LX) are trihydroxytetraene-containing eicosanoids that can be generated within the vascular lumen during platelet-leukocyte interactions and at mucosal surfaces via leukocyte-epithelial cell interactions. During these cell-cell interactions, transcellular biosynthetic pathways are used as major LX biosynthetic routes, and thus, in humans, LX are formed in vivo during multi-cellular responses such as inflammation, atherosclerosis, and in asthma. This branch of the eicosanoid cascade generates specific tetraene-containing products that serve as stop signals, in that they regulate key steps in leukocyte trafficking and prevent leukocyte-mediated acute tissue injury. Of interest here are recent results indicating that aspirin's mechanism of action also involves the triggering of novel carbon 15 epimers of LX or 15-epi-LX that mimic the bioactions of native LX. Here, an overview of these recent developments is presented, with a focus on the cellular and molecular interactions of these novel antiinflammatory lipid mediators.

9

Leukocyte acid phosphatase and selected haematological indices in BLV infected cows

61%

Kaczmarczyk E., Czarnik U., Bojaroj B., Walawski K.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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1999

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vol. 40

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issue 2

93-101

EN

Acid phosphatase of blood leukocytes (AcP) is a lysosomal enzyme which occurs in granulocytes and lymphocytes, but is not found in monocytes. In cattle, the occurrence of AcP polymorphism appeared in the form of A and AB phenotypes controlled by two autosomal alleles. A statistically highly significant repeatability was observed for AcP activity measured in lymphocytes from cows resistant to BLV (bovine leukaemia virus) infection. The highly inherited AcP activity and monogenic nature of AcP polymorphism in cattle allowed us to find out an association between AcP polymorphism and activity of AcP as well as haematological indices. In this study, 60 cows reared in one herd were analysed. The blood samples were collected in the last month before calving and in the first week after calving. The results obtained from cows with phenotype A revealed a statistically higher activity of AcP in lymphocytes whereas a lower activity of this enzyme was recorded in granulocytes. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were also observed in leukocyte number, percentage of lymphocytes and percentage of neutrophils.

10

P-selectin mediates adhesion of leukocytes, platelets, and cancer cells in inflammation, thrombosis, and cancer growth and metastasis

41%

Chen M., Geng J.-G.

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis

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2006

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vol. 54

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issue 2

75-84

EN

Stimulated endothelial cells and activated platelets express P-selectin (CD62P), a member of the selectin family of cell adhesion molecules, which interacts with P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1, CD162) for leukocyte rolling on stimulated endothelial cells and heterotypic aggregation of activated platelets onto leukocytes. Cross-linking of PSGL-1 by P-selectin also primes leukocytes intracellularly for cytokine and chemoattractant-induced 2-integrin activation for firm adhesion of leukocytes. Furthermore, P-selectin mediates heterotypic aggregation of activated platelets to cancer cells and adhesion of cancer cells to stimulated endothelial cells. Here we provide a comprehensive summary of the functional roles and the biological importance of P-selectin-mediated cell adhesive interactions in the pathogeneses of inflammation, thrombosis, and the growth and metastasis of cancers.

Refine search results

HLA-DR typing methods based on DNA analysis

Cytokine production by human leukocytes with different expressions of natural antiviral immunity and the effect of antibodies against interferons and TNF-alpha

A burgeoning family of biological mediators: chemokines and chemokine receptors

Immunorelevant gene expression in LPS-challenged bovine mammary epithelial cells

Latent viral infections of cells of immuno system

Effect on peripheral blood natural killer cytotoxic cell activity in rats after intraperitoneal implantation of double veloured polyester (Dacron) prosthesis

Role of the p38 MAPK pathway in induction of iNOS expression in human leukocytes

Lipoxins and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxins are endogenous components of anti-inflammation: emergence of the counterregulatory side

Leukocyte acid phosphatase and selected haematological indices in BLV infected cows

P-selectin mediates adhesion of leukocytes, platelets, and cancer cells in inflammation, thrombosis, and cancer growth and metastasis