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1

The application of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides strategy in studies on molecular regulation of haematopoiesis

100%
Ratajczak M. Z., Kuczynski W. I.
Biotechnologia
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1995
|
issue 1
56-64
EN
In this paper, different aspects of the aplication of antisense strategy in experimental haematology based on own experimental results are discussed.This strategy was succesfullu applied to study role of the : c-kit, STK-1 (FLK2/FLT3), IGF-IR, c-mpl, c-vav and c-myb genes in regulation of human haematopoiesis.
2

Neurokinin receptors: relevance to the emerging immune system

100%
Kang H. S., Trzaska K. A., Corcoran K., Chang V. T., Rameshwar P.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2004
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vol. 52
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issue 5
338-347
EN
The adult bone marrow (BM) is the major site of the emerging immune system. Hematopoiesis is the process whereby immune cells are generated from a finite number of hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoiesis is regulated by soluble mediators and intercellular interactions. A major regulatory mechanism of hematopoiesis involves bidirectional crosstalk with the neural system. This communication mainly occurs by the release of neurotransmitters from innervated fibers. The neurotransmitters interact with specific receptors on BM resident cells and release other hematopoietic regulators such as cytokines. Together, the neurotransmitters and cytokines form a complex network to regulate hematopoiesis. Among BM resident cells, the stromal cells are particularly relevant for two reasons: 1) they represent non-neural sources of neurotransmitters, and 2) stromal cells express specific receptors for neurotransmitters. This review focuses on the hematopoietic effects of neurotransmitters belonging to the tachykinins. The two major tachykinins focused in this review are substance P and neurokinin (NK)-A, 11 and 10 amino acid peptides. In BM, the tachykinins interact with two major NK receptors: NK-1 and NK-2. These two receptors appear to limit tachykinin-mediated effects on hematopoiesis. The central roles of NK receptors within a network comprising of cytokines and tachykinins are reviewed.
3

Immunological properties of mesenchymal stem cells and clinical implications

88%
Patel S. A., Sherman L., Munoz J., Rameshwar P.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 1
1-8
EN
The rapid evolution of experimental data has acknowledged the critical relevance of immune biology in stem cell research. It appears that efficient transfer of stem cells to patients requires robust analyses of the immune properties as well as the responses of the stem cells to immune mediators. This review discusses the biology of adult human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the context of immunology. MSCs are pluripotent, self-renewing cells with the potential for tissue regeneration, for example the repair of bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle. MSCs have also been shown to transdifferentiate into cells of ectodermal origin, such as neurons. MSCs are located in perfused areas of adult bone marrow, whereas hematopoietic stem cells are located in poorly perfused areas of the same organ. MSCs show bimodal, i.e. anti-inflammatory and immune-enhancing, immune responses. MSCs also regulate immune responses such as the regulation of antibody production by B cells, alterations in T cell subtypes, and immune tolerance of allogeneic transplants. MSCs also have the potential for gene delivery. This review explores the diverse clinical potential for MSCs and discusses the limitations and advantages of their immunomodulatory properties.
4

Simultaneous transplantation of two allogeneic units of cord blood in an adult patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia. A case report

88%
Wiktor-Jedrzejczak W., Rokicka M., Urbanowska E., Torosian T., Graczyk-Pol E., Tomaszewska A., Krol M., Paluszewska M., Gronkowska A., Ziarkiewicz-Wroblewska B., Jolkowska J., Witt M.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 53
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issue 4
364-368
EN
The major obstacle to the therapeutic use of hematopoietic transplantation is the unavailability of matched, unrelated marrow donors for the large number of potential patients, although all of them have the chance to find sufficiently matched, unrelated cord blood units. However, the use of cord blood as a source of cells for transplantation is limited by its cell number, usually below 1 billion, which allows for routine transplantation only in children weighting less than 30 kg, while most potential recipients possess a higher body mass. This led to the idea of the simultaneous use of several units of cord blood which, combined, would fulfill the requirements for the necessary cell number for an adult recipient. We attempted to simultaneously transplant an adult patient with refractory acute myeloblastic leukemia utilizing two different cord blood units, one fully matched and one mismatched at one locus. The patient became reconstituted with only one unit, the mismatched, as determined using microsatellite markers, and had no signs of relapse of leukemia. Unfortunately, he died of persistent fungal (brain aspergilloma) infection on day +103. The successful engraftment may suggest that a method based on the principle of using more than one cord blood unit for transplantation is feasible in large adult patients and may reach routine application.
5

Role of the Wnt/beta-catenin network in regulating hematopoies

88%
Wilusz M., Majka M.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 56
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issue 4
257-266
EN
The Wnt/ beta -catenin pathway plays a significant role in several aspects of cell biology, including the stimulation of gene expression, growth, and mobility. Wnt proteins activate at least three cascades: Wnt/ beta-catenin, Wnt/Ca2+, and planar cell polarity. beta-Catenin is not only a very important element of many intracellular signaling pathways, including the Wnt pathway, but it also takes part in creating intercellular adhesive junctions. When overexpressed or mutated it functions as an oncogen. The Wnt/ beta-catenin signaling pathway has been shown to play an important role in controlling the proliferation, survival, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Thus any aberrant signaling through this pathway may have a negative influence on hematopoiesis. Indeed, some recent findings suggest that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is dysregulated in leukemias and lymphomas. All these data position the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling network as a critically important regulator of hematopoiesis and justify future efforts to better understand its role in the process of physiological and pathological hematopoiesis. The present review summarizes recent advances in this field.
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