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Effect of Neem Leaf Meal (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) Inclusion Levels on the Growth Performance, Digestibility and Nitrogen Utilization of Yankasa Rams

100%
Aruwayo A., Garba M. G., Ahmed A. S., Arowosegbe T. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2025
|
vol. 59
294-305
EN
This study was undertaken to appraise the influence of neem leaf meal (NLM) inclusion on the growth performance, digestibility and nitrogen utilization of Yankasa rams. The study was conducted at Prof. Lawal Abdu Saulawa Livestock Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University Dutsin-Ma. Neem leaf meal (NLM) was air-dried for eight (8) days and incorporated with maize offal, cowpea husk, cotton seed cake, bone meal and salt as diets. Twenty Yankasa rams were randomly assigned to four treatments with A (0%), B (5%), C (10%), and D (15%) NLM inclusion levels in a Completely Randomized Design, each with five replicates. The 84-day growth trial revealed that feed intake decreased with increasing NLM levels, but weight gain was unaffected (p > 0.05). The 15% NLM group showed the highest average daily weight gain (112.88 g) and total weight gain (9.19 kg). Feed cost per kilogram and cost per live weight gain improved with higher NLM inclusion. Dry matter digestibility was highest at 10% NLM (91.71%), while ether extract and nitrogen-free extract digestibility were higher in neem-supplemented groups. Nitrogen utilization parameters improved with increasing NLM levels, with higher nitrogen retention and lower faecal nitrogen in NLM fed groups. The results suggest that neem leaves, an underutilized resource, can reduce feed costs while supporting sustainable feeding practices. The recommendation of the research is that neem leaf meal can be included in ram meal as high as 15% for optimal performance.
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Breeds influence on growth ability and predicting body weight from linear body measurements of ducks at various ages

75%
Ologbose F. I., Benneth H. N., Ajayi F. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2020
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vol. 29
|
issue 3
282-289
EN
A total of one hundred and twenty ducklings (i. e. 60 Muscovy and 60 Mallard) were used for the study to evaluate the breeds effect on growth performance and prediction of body weight using linear body measurements of two breeds of ducks with the aid of General Linear Model and stepwise regression procedure of SPSS. Data on individual body weight (BW), body height (BH), body length (BL) breast circumference (BC), thigh length (TL), bill length (BIL), wing length (WL)and shank length (SL) of 120 ducks were collected on Muscovy and Mallard ducks and used to predict body weight at 4 and 8 weeks. The results showed that Muscovy (56.6t ± 6.7 – 1037.5 ± 30.29g) was significantly superior (P<0.05) to Mallard (51.8 ± 1.66 – 875.44 ± 70.30g) in body weight and in all the linear body measurements from day old to week 10. Individual body weight and linear body measurements was predicted at various ages (4 and 8 weeks) by genetic groups. The values of the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from (88.6 – 97%) and (81.8 – 90.3%) in Muscovy and Mallard respectively at week 4. While, (R2) ranged from (58.7 – 92%) and 80.1 – 86.9%) in Muscovy and Mallard respectively at week 8. Since linear body measurements that can readily predict body weight without ducks being slaughtered, it is therefore, highly desirable as it will ensure the selection of animals that will reach market weight and size at relatively faster rate. This will also serve as a tool for breeders in selecting animals destined for use as breeding stock. These Muscovy and Mallard can be improved by exploiting the principle of phenotypic plasticity to obtain strains to complement other breeds of duck. Muscovy can also be used to upgrade some other indigenous ducks for better performance in a systematic breeding program.
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