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Gender Differences in Alcohol Metabolizing Hepatic Enzyme Genotypes in Korean Patients with Alcohol Dependence

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Lee J.-S., Kim S.-G., Jang S.-H., Byun W.-T., Hwang I.-B., Kim C.-S., Kim S.-Y., Lee H.-S., Yang Y.-H., Oslin D. W.

Addiction Genetics

2012

vol. 1

12-18

There are a number of epidemiological studies concerning the gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence (AD), with ADH2 and ALDH2 being strong candidates. The purpose of this study was to investigate gender differences in frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes in AD patients and in a normal control (NC) group of Koreans. Study subjects consisted of 228 AD patients (180 males, 48 females) and 138 NC (79 males, 59 females). For both male and female subjects, the frequency of the ADH2*1/1 genotype was significantly higher in AD patients compared to the NC group. However, the effect size of the ADH2*1/1 genotype on AD was much larger in females than in males. Furthermore, the ALDH2*1/1 genotype was positively associated with AD in male subjects but negatively associated with AD in female patients. Interestingly, AD in males was primarily determined by ALDH2 enzyme activity (92%), whereas female AD was primarily determined by ADH2 enzyme activity (60.4%). These results suggest that risk for the development of AD in males is mainly associated with the ALDH2*1/1 genotype, while in female patients, the ADH2*1/1 genotype was more highly associated with risk of AD. Overall, it is evident that gender differences associated with genetic risks for AD are present.

Influence of sex on the acute effect of stretching on V sit-and-reach scores in university students

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Merino-Marban R., Romano D. P., Mayorga-Vega D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

2014

vol. 6

issue 2

13-19

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of sex on the acute effect of static-passive one-session stretching on V sit-and-reach scores in university students. A sample of 76 college students aged 19-30 years were divided into a women group (n = 36) and men group (n = 40). During one session the students performed stretching exercises for the major body muscles using the static-passive technique. Hamstring and lower back muscles extensibility was estimated by the V-sit-and-reach test at the beginning and at the end of the stretching session. The results of the two-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni adjustment showed that females and males did not show a different response to the one-session stretching intervention (p > 0.05). However, both the women and men increased statistically their scores after performing the stretching session (p < 0.001). In conclusion, no differences have been found in the trainability of flexibility by sex. However, there are differences of flexibility by the sex of students, being the females, who obtained the highest marks in the V-sit-and-reach. All this knowledge could help coaches to design more effectives stretching programs.

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1 Addiction Genetics

1 Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

1 2014

1 2013

1 Byun W.-T.

1 Hwang I.-B.

1 Jang S.-H.

1 Kim C.-S.

1 Kim S.-G.

1 Kim S.-Y.

1 Lee H.-S.

1 Lee J.-S.

1 Mayorga-Vega D.

1 Merino-Marban R.

1 Oslin D. W.

1 Romano D. P.

1 Yang Y.-H.

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Gender Differences in Alcohol Metabolizing Hepatic Enzyme Genotypes in Korean Patients with Alcohol Dependence

Influence of sex on the acute effect of stretching on V sit-and-reach scores in university students