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1

The initiation of the callus cultures of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora tzvelev.)

100%
Kulpa D., Rzepka-Plevnes D., Kurek J.
Biotechnologia
|
2004
|
issue 2
231-236
EN
The aim of the work was to determine the influence of the kind of the explant, of the growth and light regulators on the initiation of the callus cultures of chrysanthemum. For the of the initiation callus cultures some parts of the inflorescence (ray flowers, flower bottom) and parts of the leaf blade of the 'Erica' variety of chrysanthemum were used. The explants placed on the MS medium were supplemented with auxins (1 mg?dm-3 IAA, IBA, NAA and 2.4D) or with a combination of auxin NAA (from 1.0 to 5.0 mg dm-3) and cytokinine BAP (from 0,1 do 2 mg dm-3). Half of the cultures were carried out in the light of the intensity of 50 PAR, while the other half was carried out in the dark. The obtained results showed that in the case of the studied variety of chrysanthemum both the explants of the leaves and the selected parts of the inflorescence constitute good initial material for induction of callus. A positive effect of the light on the initiation of the culture, no matter what explant was used to set it up, was also observed. In the case of the 'Erica' variety of chrysanthemum, the largest weight of the formed callus, no matter what explant was used, was obtained in the MS medium with cytokinine BAP (2 mg dm-3) and an auxin NAA (1 mg dm-3).
2

A comparison of anther culture and maize pollination for haploid production in wheat

88%
Fedak G., Burvill M., Voldeng H. D.
|
EN
The use of 2,4-D as a post pollination treatment to fertilize florets instead of GA3 provided a two-fold improvement in seed set, culturable embryos and hence green plant production from wheat and maize pollination. The efficiency of the wheat by maize pollination method for haploid production was equal to the anther culture method in F1 hybrid combinations that were responsive to anther culture. However, in recalcitrant combinations obtained from non-responsive genotypes the maize pollination method was far superior.
3

Plant growth regulators and somatic embryogenesis in Medicago sativa L.

88%
Kepczynski J., Kepczynska E.
|
EN
Somatic embryogenesis, resembling zygotic embryogenesis in vivo, is considered to be an efficient method of in vitro propagation of a number of agronomically important plant species including Medicago sativa L. and it offers an in vitro experimental system for studying the embryo development. Artificial seed technology is one of the important applications of the process. Induction of embryogenesis, embryo development and induction desiccation tolerance are affected by plant growth regulators. The review will focus on the effect of plant growth regulators: auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, jasmonates, ethylene and inhibitors on the synthesis and action of different phases of somatic embryogenesis in Medicago sativa L.
4

Induction of glucotropaeolin biosynthesis and myrosinase activity in hairy roots of nasturtium

75%
Wielanek M., Urbanek H.
Biotechnologia
|
2000
|
issue 4
123-127
EN
Kinetin, BAP and NAA increased glucotropaeolin content in dry weight of nasturtium hairy roots but they inhibited biomass growth. Salicylates most strongly (by about 100-200% above control) and DL-?-aminobutyric acid and methyl jasmonate to a lesser degree increased glucotropaeolin yield. They also slightly increased myrosinase activity. Trans-cinnamic acid was a much stronger inducer of myrosinase activity than glucotropaeolin biosynthesis: it strongly inhibited biomass growth. L-1-amino-2-phenylethylphosphonic acid, inhibitor of L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), induced glucotropaeolin production and enhanced the effect of salicylates and jasmonate on glucotropaeoplin yield but it did not affect myrosinase activity.
5

Long-term in vitro storage of shoot explants at temperatures above 0C

63%
Lisek A., Orlikowska O. T., Orlikowska T.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 3
134-144
EN
Long-term storage of shoots or nodal buds in vitro, in conditions which retard their growth, may be an alternative or supplementary method in the protection of plant resources and in the production of planting material for elite mother stocks. In this paper we describe the most important factors which influence the survival and further behaviour of stored explants.
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