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Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs): the three musketeers of glutamatergic system

100%
Liguz-Lecznar M., Skangiel-Kramska J.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2007
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vol. 67
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issue 3
207-218
EN
Glutamate is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and glutamatergic transmission is critical for controlling neuronal activity. Glutamate is stored in synaptic vesicles and released upon stimulation. The homeostasis of glutamatergic system is maintained by a set of transporters present in plasma membrane and in the membrane of synaptic vesicles. The family of vesicular glutamate transporters in mammals is comprised of three highly homologous proteins: VGLUT1-3. The expression of particular VGLUTs is largely complementary with limited overlap and so far they are most specific markers for neurons that use glutamate as neurotransmitter. VGLUTs are regulated developmentally and determine functionally distinct populations of glutamatergic neurons. Controlling the activity of these proteins could potentially modulate the efficiency of excitatory neurotransmission. This review summarizes the recent knowledge concerning molecular and functional characteristic of vesicular glutamate transporters, their development, contribution to synaptic plasticity and their involvement in pathology of the nervous system.
2

Disturbances in neurotransmission processes in aging and age-related diseases

75%
Ossowska K.
Polish Journal of Pharmacology
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1993
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vol. 45
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issue 2
109-131
EN
This paper reviews the changes in dopaminergic, cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, which occur in the aging of central nervous system CNS and in age-related diseases: Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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