Over the past years, several studies have focussed on environmental interactions of model transgenic crops, e.g. oilseed rape, Brassica napus, in different eco-systems on North-America and Europe.Based on the experience with field releases of genetically modified higher plants, the data requirements for such requests were adapted in Europe. In other cases, e.g. in the USA and in UK, the requirements for certain crops were streamlined, covering different traits.In this respect, the step-by-step, case-by-case approach allowed to identify relevant environmental issues, thereby creating a comfort level of "familiarity".With the acquisition of familiarity, a basis is created for focussed risk analysis, which is now leading to the first commercial introductions of geneticaly modified crops.
In this paper the factors affecting the commercialization of ag-biotech products in Canada destined for international markets. Public acceptance issues, lack of internationally harmonized regulatory systems and data requirements, politicized regulatory systems, intellectual property rights, unclear and inconsistent labeling laws, and the current uncertainty cultivated by the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Biosafety Protocol, all contribute to market access barriers for Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) are discussed.
The purpose of writing this article was to show the audience how many factors can influence the development of biotechnology in Poland. I am a head of the biotechnology department in Aventis CropScience Polska. Since I have five years experience in implementing the law regulations regarding GMO?s and in the introduction attempt of transgenic crop varieties into the Polish market, I wrote some remarks. These remarks concern the activities of the biotechnology companies, job perspectives for the biotechnology graduates, and the activities of the antagonists. The commercialisation of transgenic crops in Poland failed because of many reasons, such as political reasons, emotional reasons, and also because of precautionary principles valid in Europe. It has negative influenced on the development of job opportunities and foreign investments on the market. On the other hand, the education system has discovered the big chance for the future in education of biotechnology specialists. Dealing in the field of biotechnology in Poland, we still meet a lot of barriers. They caused the informal moratorium for agro-biotechnology in fact.
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