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  1. 50 Oceanological Studies

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  1. 5 Plinski M.

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  3. 4 Kruk-Dowgiallo L.

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1

Composition and abundance of picoplankton in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk

100%
Glawdel M., Mackiewicz T., Witek Z.
|
EN
With the aid of epifluorescence microscopy, picoplankton (0.2-2mum) in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk (southern Baltic) was studied from March to December 1997. The main portion of the picoplankton biovolume was comprised of bacteria, making up on average 70% of picoplankton. Autotrophic picoplankton (APP) prevailed over the bacterioplankton only in late August and early September. The main components of APP were cyanobacteria. The APP proportion in the total phytoplankton biomass was highest in summer. The assessment of this share in terms of quantity varied depending on the picoplankton separation method. In the microscopic analysis of unfiltered samples, all cells <2mum were counted as picoplankton, including colony-forming types. Based on the analysis of unfiltered samples, the amount of APP in the overall phytoplankton biomass was assessed at 16-22% in summer, and 0.5-6% in the remaining period. Initial filtration of samples through a 2mum filter caused great losses in APP, resulting mainly in the elimination of colony-forming cyanobacteria cells from samples. Prefiltered samples were also contaminated by cells >2mum. In prefiltered samples the APP proportion in the total phytoplankton biomass was 1-7% in summer and 0.2-3% in the remaining period.
2

Phytobenthos as an indicator of the state of environment of the Gulf of Gdansk

100%
Kruk-Dowgiallo L.
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
105-121
EN
Results of investigations carried out in June 1995 at the same stations as in June 1992 are presented. Only small differences in species composition, biomass and the range of phytobenthos occurrence were observed. Obtained results confirmed that the trends of phytobenthos changes in the Gulf of Gdansk are similar to those in inner Puck Bay, i.e. the existing predomination of brown algae of the Ecto-carpus and Pilayella genera and a decrease of the area of underwater meadows. However, in spite of these changes there still exist natural phytobenthos stands in the Gulf. Therefore, active protection measures will create potential possibilities of reviving the phytocenoses of the Gulf of Gdansk.
3

The distribution, species composition and abundance of Enteromorpha spp. in the Gulf of Gdansk

80%
Haroon A. M., Szaniawska A., Plinski M.
Oceanological Studies
|
1999
|
vol. 28
|
issue 1-2
31-39
EN
The variations in distribution, species composition, biomass and water content of Entero-morpha spp. in the Gulf of Gdansk in relation to sampling stations and season are discussed. Only four Entero-morpha species were identified in the samples collected, the most frequent being E. intestinalis (L.) Link. The species composition was found to vary in relation to sampling stations and seasons. The abundance of Enteromorpha spp. varied at different stations with a maximum at Puck variations in biomass were observed. Although Enteromorpha spp. were characterised by a high water content (96.56?0.40% of WW), no statistically significant variations in the water contents of these species with respect to sampling stations could be detected. Although there was a tendency towards seasonal changes, these occurred within a narrow range.
4

Plankton larvae of invertebrates as an indicator of potential capacity for regeneration of bottom filtra-tor communities in the Gulf of Gdansk

80%
Wolska-Pys M.
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
93-103
EN
In autumn 1994 and summer 1995, the occurrence of larvae of bottom invertebrates was investigated in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdansk. The determined abundance of larval stages of molluscs and barnacles suggested that in spite of pollution of the environment the biofiltrator communities in the Gulf have a great potential for regeneration and development. Several areas with potentially best conditions for growth, characterised by highest quantities of the larvae, and especially by a high percentage of large larvae just before their transformation into settled forms, were selected. Bio-technical measures to increase the rates of growth and to facilitate processes of self-purification in the water body are proposed.
5

Hydrodynamic conditions in the Gulf of Gdansk during Polarodex'96 experiment in comparison with numerical model

80%
Robakiewicz M.
|
|
vol. 26
|
issue 4
145-159
EN
During POLRODEX'96 experiment (July/August 1996), the extensive measurements of hydro-dynamic conditions in the Gulf of Gdansk were carried out. Short-term and long-term measure-ments involved the registration of currents, salinity, water temperature and changes of the water level at the open sea. Hydrological and meteorological data collected were then used for the de-velopment of a numerical model for the Gulf of Gdansk. Comparison between modelled and calculated distributions (verticals, time series) leads to a conclusion that the proposed model predicts the actual hydrodynamic conditions with acceptable accuracy. Main discrepancies may result from the assumed initial and open boundary conditions.
6

Infections factors isolated from fish caught in the Gulf of Gdansk and the Vistula lagoon in 1991-1994

80%
Grawinski E., Dabrowski J., Potajallo U.
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
59-75
EN
The data presents bacteriological virusological investigations results carried out in 1991-1994 in the Gulf of Gdansk and the Vistula Lagoon. The infectious factors study included an identification of bacteria species and orders that are pathogenic to fish and man and also a test on the presence of viruses constituting a potential hazard to man's health. The investigations were a complementary study to the ones carried out in 1981.
7

Evaluating the extent of the river Wisla freshwater plume in the Gulf of Gdansk using seaWiFS data

80%
Sikora K., Urbanski J. A.
Oceanological Studies
|
1999
|
vol. 28
|
issue 3-4
17-34
EN
The extent of the River Wisla (Vistula) water plume in the Gulf of Gdansk was investigated using SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) data as the basis for PCA (Principal Components Analysis), indexation, composite and classic methods of classification (i.e. maximum likelihood classification and fuzzy sets). The percentage transformation of this data is suggested in order to obtain a high relative diversity of remotely sensed signals emerging from optically different waters. Comparison of the results obtained using these different classification methods showed that PCA was especially useful in this respect.
8

The role of filamentous brown algae in the degradation of the underwater meadows the Gulf of Gdansk

80%
Kruk-Dowgiallo L.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1-2
125-135
EN
The changes recorded in the last 20 years in the photobenthos of the Gulf of Gdansk are especially noticeable in Puck Bay and have led to the degradation of the Zostera marina underwater meadows.One important reason for this is the mass growth of filamentous brown algae from the genera Ectocarpus and Pilayella, as result of which the number of species and the overall biomass of the vegetation have fallen, and the filamentous brown algae have become dominant.The range of the vascular plants, including that of Zostera marina, has shrunk very considerably.
9

The occurrence of total and labile forms of lead and nickel in the sediments of the port of Gdansk

80%
Radke B., Dembska G., Aftanas B., Bolalek J.
|
2004
|
issue 2
41-56
EN
Sediment samples collected in 1997 and 1998 from the Wislane, Obroncow Poczty Polskiej or Siarkowe (Sulfur), Oliwskie and Paliw Plynnych (Liquid Fuels) quays were sorted into four grain size fractions, i.e., <2.00 mm; 2.00 - 0.063 mm; 0.063 - 0.032 mm; <0.032 mm. It was determined that the sediments in the port area are small-grained sands with a small admixture of silt. The analyzed benthic sediments contained different amounts of organic matter and displayed varying water content. The mean contents of the labile form of lead and its total concentration in the grain size fraction <2.00 mm were 6.4 mg.kg ?1 d.w. and 11.4 mg.kg ?1 d.w., respectively. These values for nickel were 2.9 mg.kg ?1 d.w. for the labile form and 7.1 mg.kg ?1 d.w. for total concentration. The widest range of values was noted in the sediment surface layer (0-20 cm) for total concentration and labile forms. Sediments collected from locations close to the Gulf of Gdansk (e.g., Liquid Fuels Quay) and from areas with low industrial activity (e.g., Sulfur Quay) exhibited Pb and Ni concentrations which were many times lower than those in other areas of the port which were investigated.
10

Total gaseous mercury over the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk

80%
Beldowska M., Falkowska L., Marks R.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
|
2003
|
issue 3
3-18
EN
Measurements of total gaseous mercury (TGM) were carried out in the Polish coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk from Hel, situated at the end the tip of the Hel Peninsula, to Piaski in the Vistula Pit. The results were recorded in the atmosphere 150 cm above the ground using an automatic analyzer Gardis 1A in March, April and May 1999. The mercury concentration over the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk did not exceed maximum permissible levels and were at levels similar to those in other maritime regions of the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. The average concentration of mercury was 3.4 ng m-3. Increased TGM concentrations of approximately 8.2 ng m-3 occurred locally near the sewage treatment facility in Sztutowo, on the tip of the Hel Peninsula and in the Tri-Cities near the industrial areas of shipyards and the harbor. No increased concentrations of gaseous mercury were registered in the vicinity of the heat and power plant or the refinery as chimneys release fumes at high altitudes. What is more, the mercury concentrations recorded in the forests of the Vistula Lagoon and the Hel Pit were nine times lower than the average concentration. Laboratory experiments carried out on samples of sea water from three coastal measurement stations proved that mixing in the sea surf zone influences the emission of mercury from the water into the atmosphere. The emission of gaseous mercury from the surface waters of the Gulf of Gdansk was higher in March when the life processes in the water were still slow and bio-accumulation was very limited.
11

Bacterioplankton in the coastal zone of the gulf of Gdansk

80%
Maciejowska M., Bocwinska G.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1-2
115-124
EN
The bactrioplankton in the inshore zone of the Gulf of Gdansk in the vicinity of Gdynia, Orlowo and Sopot was investigated in 1991-1993.The numbers of colony-forming bacteria (CFU), the total bacteria number (TBN), their biomass (BBM) and bacterail production (BP) were determined.THe changes in TBN, BBM and activity of the bacterioplankton during their annual cycle corresponded to the growth dynamics of phytoplankton.
12

Chlorophyll a content in the surface layer of the Gulf of Gdansk in the AVHRR images

80%
Krezel A., Latala A.
Oceanological Studies
|
1999
|
vol. 28
|
issue 3-4
3-15
EN
The satellite data in red and near infrared light (1st and 2nd channels of AVHRR) were processed and compared with chlorophyll a concentration in the surface layer of the Gulf of Gdansk. Taking into account Stumpf and Tyler (1988) proposal, quantitative relation between this concentration and the value of Cij=R2/R1 (where R2 and R1 denotes reflectance coefficients in AVHRR's channel 1 and 2 respectively) has been calculated.
13

Area and scope of autumn 1994 and summer 1995 investigations

80%
Kruk-Dowgiallo L.
|
1998
|
vol. 27
|
issue 4
5-9
EN
This article presents results of complex investigations conducted in the autumn 1994 and summer 1995 by the Water Ecology Laboratory of the Institute of Environmental Protection, Branch of Gdansk. The research was a continuation of studies commenced in summer 1992, within the framework project 'Development of a system of protection and restoration of the Gulf of Gdansk biocenosis' (Kruk-Dowgiallo and Ciszewski 1995; Kruk-Dowgiall?o and Dubrawski 1998). The project was financed from the statutory funds of the Institute of Environmental Protection (IEP). The estimation of industrial fish contamination extent was done on the basis of 1992-1994 studies, supervised by Dr Urszula Potajallo within a Project Research required by SRC (Scientific Research Committee) which was realized in the Institute of Marine and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia (Potajallo et al. 1995). The state of coastal sediments state estimation was provided on the basis of seasonal studies carried out in 1995-1996 within a MS thesis experiments performed in (IEP) by Aleksandra Kula, supervised by Dr Rajmund Dubrawski.
14

The composition, abundance and distribution of dinoflagellates in the Gulf of Gdansk in the years 1992-1994

80%
Plinski M., Dobron K.
Oceanological Studies
|
1999
|
vol. 28
|
issue 1-2
41-49
EN
The quantitative and qualitative analysis of dinoflagellates from samples taken in the years from 1992 to 1994 in the Gulf of Gdansk has been done. The following species was identified: Hetero-capsa triquetra, Dinophysis norvegica, D. acuminata, Peridinium balticum, P. aciculiferum, P. pellucidum, P. curvipes, P. brevipes, Peridiniella catenata, Gonyaulax triacanta, Prorocentrum micans. The highest quantity of dinoflagellates was observed in May 1994.
15

Thermohaline conditions in the Gdansk Basin

80%
Cyberska B., Krzyminski W.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1-2
17-39
EN
The analysis of thermohaline conditions in the Gdansk Basin in the period 1989-1993 is presented against the background of long-term changes.The assessment is based on daily measurements of temperature and salinity at shore stations (Gdynia, Hel, Wladyslawowo) and the results from observations during monthly research cruises.The most characteristic feature of this period was deep stagnetion from 1979 onwards, with declining tendencies in salinity and density reported in all layers of the water column; the negative trend in water temperature was retarded, however, in January and December 1993 and March 1994 substantial inflows of saline water from the North Sea caused a temporary increase in salinity in the Gdansk Basin, at the same time raising and strengthening the halocine.
16

Mortality of aquatic birds in the Gulf of Gdansk as a result of oil pollution

80%
Meissner W.
Oceanological Studies
|
1996
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1-2
151-157
EN
Poland is one of the few countries around the Baltic Sea where the mortality of aquatic birds due to oil pollution has been monitored since the 1960s.The most comprehensive data has been gathered in the Gulf of Gdansk region.During the sixties and seventies Polish coastal waters were permanently comtaminated by numerous though relatively small leaks from port installations, ships and fishing cutters.The density of dead, oiled birds was then high and ranged from 3-5 individuals per km.The 1980s witnessed a rapid decline in the number of oiled birds, owing probably to the tightening of puntative measures against the perpetrators of marine pollution, and to the recession, which also affected the maritime economy.Furthermore, the source of contamination had moved, a fact endorsed by the species composition of the dead birds recovered.At present, far fewer patroleum-based contaminants enter to open sea; the major sources of such pollution are now to be found on the coast.
17

Distribution of indole-3-acetic acid in seawater and marine sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk

80%
Mazur H.
|
EN
HPLC method was used to detect the presence of auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in seawater and sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk.In spring considerably higher concentration of IAA was measured in sediments and near-bottom water than in surface water.The concentration of IAA changes with season and sampling statin and it seems to depend on process undergoing in the marine environment.
18

Short-term fluctuations of chlorophyll alpha fluorescence versus diurnal variations of solar radiation in the surface water of the Gdansk Basin

80%
Magulski R., Falkowska L., Dunajska D., Pryputniewicz D., Sikorowicz S.
|
2004
|
issue 3
57-68
EN
Measurements of chlorophyll alpha fluorescence accompanied by solar radiation measurements were carried out during two spring cruises in the region of the Gdansk Basin. Chlorophyll alpha fluorescence, similarly to that of chlorophyll alpha concentration in the seawater, showed considerable diurnal variability. The measurements provided statistically significant negative correlation coefficients that indicated that chlorophyll a fluorescence is inhibited as solar PAR and UV radiation intensity increases. The approximate range of radiation intensity that corresponded to a clearly marked decline in chlorophyll a fluorescence and chlorophyll alpha concentration was determined. It was revealed that the decline in chlorophyll alpha concentration in the surface water layer resulted from the photodegradation of chlorophyll alpha as well as phytoplankton grazing. In both cases, the resulting observation was an increase of pheophytine a concentration. The vertical migration of phytoplankton was identified as an additional process induced by high radiation levels.
19

Application of the hydroacoustic methods to the detailed determination of the seafloor condition in the area of roadsteads and anchorages

80%
Rudowski S., Gajewski G. L., Gajewski L., Jezionek J. E., Jezionek E.
|
2000
|
vol. 29
|
issue 3
85-92
EN
The detailed study of the bottom condition of the Anchorage No. 3 of the Gdynia roadstead is presented. The study applies the integrated system of the modern hydroacoustic methods (mainly a multi-beam echosounder, side-scan sonar and subbottom profiler). Results of the hydroacoustic recordings were interpreted using data from grab and core samples as well as a floor inspection done by ROV system of the underwater TV. The morphology and character of the bottom were recognised thoroughly including effects of the human activity (dredging, trace of anchors, presence of anthropo-genic objects etc.). The digital bathymetric map and the map of surface sediments of the bottom test field were prepared. The bottom condition was determined as the area of the gravitational sedimentation of silty-clayey sediments, which have strongly changed anthropogenicly to the depth of 0.5-1.0 metre below bottom level. The obtained results point to the high efficiency of the applied research method. The conducted manner of recording, together with adequate calibration and equipment adaptation to the local conditions allow applying the methodology to future routine studies of the sea bottom for determination its condition. Also, a valuable cognitive material related to the geological structure of the bottom was collected.
20

Simulation of suspended particulate matter transport in the Gulf of Gdansk during 1996

80%
Brandke K.
|
|
vol. 26
|
issue 4
123-132
EN
The initial results of modelling of suspended matter (SPM) concentration are presented. The three-dimensional model proposed allows one to calculate the transport, erosion and deposi-tion of a mineral part of seston in the Gulf of Gdansk. The loads of SPM from rivers, atmosphere and the open sea, based on either real data or other model simulations, are included. In this model, the settling velocity of seston particles is assumed to be proportional to the Stokes' one computed for particles of 4 mm in diameter. Erosion and deposition rates depend on the bed shear velocity computed from hydrodynamic model. Results of computations corresponding to a period of one year are compared with in situ ob-servations carried out in the 1996 year and satellite data. In general, horizontal and vertical distri-butions of mineral SPM concentration computed from the model show a characteristic for this area pattern of water turbidity, however, quantitatively the results obtained are in rather poor accordance with real values.
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