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1

Selection for high erucic acid content in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) on microspore-derived embryos

100%
Cegielska-Taras T., Szala L., Naleczynska A., Kolodziej K., Orodowczyk M.
|
1999
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vol. 40
|
issue 4
305-315
EN
Application of doubled-haploid (DH) techniques combined with a method of early selection for erucic acid in cotyledons of microspore-derived embryos (MDEs) from three hybrids of winter oilseed rape (high erucic acid and low glucosinolates) was described. Comparisons of erucic acid content between MDEs and seeds from the same homozygous line DH-Gr85 demonstrated that seed-specific fatty acid composition can be fully stimulated in MDEs after 18 days of culture on the NLN-medium with 0.8% agar and 2% sucrose with or without 10 mM ABA. The erucic acid content (percentage of the total fatty acid content) of cotyledons of embryos from three hybrids and of the seeds derived from plants regenerated from the remaining parts of the embryos were highly correlated (r = 0.78**).
2

Effect of crop improvement on genetic diversity in oilseed Brassica rapa (turnip-rape) cultivars, detected by SSR markers

86%
Ofori A., Becker C., Kopisch-Obuch F. J.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2008
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vol. 49
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issue 3
207-212
EN
With the improvement of seed quality, Brassica rapa oilseed germplasm went through 2 major breeding bottlenecks during the introgression of genes for zero erucic acid content and low glucosinolate content, respectively. This study investigates the impact of these bottlenecks on the genetic diversity in European winter B. rapa by comparing 3 open-pollinated cultivars, each representing a different breeding period. Diversity was estimated on 32 plants per cultivar, with 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering each of the B. rapa linkage groups. There was no significant loss of genetic diversity over the 3 cultivars as indicated by allele number (ranging from 59 to 55), mean allele number (from 3.68 to 3.50), Shannon information index (from 0.94 to 0.87) and expected heterozygosity (from 0.53 to 0.48). About 83% of the total variation was attributed to within-cultivar variation, and the remaining 17% to between-cultivar variation by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Individual plants were separated into the 3 cultivars by principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). In conclusion, genetic diversity within cultivars was high and quality breeding in B. rapa did not significantly reduce the genetic diversity of B. rapa winter cultivars, so there is no risk of decline in performance due to quality improvement.
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