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1

Neuropathological changes in resected temporal lobe of patients with cryptogenic epilepsy

100%
Kroh H., Taraszewska A., Ruzikowski E., Bidzinski J., Mossakowski M. J.
Neuropatologia Polska
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1992
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vol. 30
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issue 2
133-146
EN
The study was performed on cerebral tissue resected during temporal lobectomy in 16 patients whose long-standing cryptogenic epilepsy did not submit to anticonvulsive drugs. Cases presenting definite etiological factors such as CNS trauma, infection or neoplasm were excluded. Neuropathological investigations disclosed microangiomas and focal vascular malformations in the meninges and tissue in 7 patients. Neuronal heterotopias in the white matter and of the white matter in the cortex were observed in 3 cases, Main cortical changes were: neuronal loss,chronic neuronal degeneration, perineuronal satellitosis, and GFAP-positive submeningeal gliosis, especially at the bottom of sulci, perivascular gliosis and laminar or diffuse gliosis. the changes in the hippocamus were most enhanced in the end-plate and in the sector H3 of the pyramidal layer. Astrocytic gliosis in the white matter presented distinct GFAP and S-100 immunostaining; the latter involved in some cases a wider area than the GFAP reaction. The above named changes are analysed with regard to the presumed epileptogenic factors and to the postepileptic damage.
2
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Time-frequency-space localization of epileptic EEG oscillations

100%
Matysiak A., Durka P. J., Montes E. M., Barwinski M., Zwolinski P., Roszkowski M., Blinowska K. J.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 65
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issue 3
435-442
EN
This paper presents a hybrid method for localization of oscillatory EEG activity. It consists of two steps: multichannel matching pursuit with complex Gabor dictionary, and LORETA inverse solution. Proposed algorithm was successfully applied to the localization of epileptogenic EEG in a single patient.
3
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Effects of repeated systemic penicillin injections on nonconvulsive and convulsive epileptic seizures in the rat

100%
Stankiewicz J., Stankiewicz M., Wiaderna-Stepien D., Gralewicz S.
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issue 4
281-287
4
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Are there different mechanisms of synchronization in the course of spike-wave discharges (SWDs) burst development in WAG/Rij rats?

100%
Godlevsky L. S., Vostrov G. N., Kobolev E. V., van_ L. E. L. J. M., Coenen A. M. L., Iorhachova M. L., Pereverzev V. A., Smirnov I. V.
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EN
In WAG/Rij rats the pair linear correlation ?r' was calculated for bipolar recordings in fronto-temporal, fronto-occipital and occipito-temporal zones of both hemispheres as well as in paleocerebellar cortex (culmen). It was shown that development of SWD bursts resulted in interhemispheric decreases of correlation between the right occipito-temporal cortical region on one side, and left fronto-temporal on the contralateral side. Towards the end of SWD, we found an increased interhemispheric correlation between left fronto-temporal and right fronto-occipital cortical zones, as well as, between both fronto-temporal zones. Paleocerebellum correlates at a weak to moderate level during different periods of SWD burst generation.
5
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Erythropoietin preconditioning suppresses neuronal death following status epilepticus in rats

100%
Yang J., Huang Y., Yu X., Sun H., Li Y., Deng Y.
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EN
Status epilepticus (SE) is a grave condition in which the brain undergoes lasting seizures which can lead to neuronal loss. Our previous study suggested that preconditioning with erythropoietin (Epo) suppressed neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus of rats following SE in vivo by inhibiting caspase-3. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which Epo preconditioning may exert its anti-apoptotic effects using a lithium-pilocarpine induced SE model in rats. The effects of Epo on neuronal cell death were evaluated using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and the role of the Bcl-2 protein family, which have been shown to be anti- (Bcl-2, Bcl-w) or pro- (Bid, Bim) apoptotic, was examined with immunofluorescence. We found Epo preconditioning decreased the total number of TUNEL, Bim and Bid positive cells, but increased the total number of Bcl-w and Bcl-2 positive cells. These results suggest that systemic Epo pretreatment protects neurons in an acute phase of SE and may result in further suppression of neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus by regulating the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins.
6
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Physiological basis of pathophysiological brain rhythms

100%
Witte O. W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2000
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vol. 60
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issue 2
289-297
EN
Focal epilepsy may be induced acutely in the brain in vivo by measures which reduce inhibition or enhance excitation. Athough the various models involve different mechanisms causing the epilepsy, their epileptiform discharge patterns vary only little. Intracellular analyses in vivo and in vitro reveal that the cellular hallmark of epileptic discharge, the paroxysmal depolarization shift, is followed by a giant hyperpolarization. The latter is comprised of several, overlapping, components with different durations, including calcium dependent potassium currents and GABA dependent inhibitions. Relative reduction of one inhibitory component is compensated by other inhibitory components. In epilepsy caused by reduction of GABAergic inhibition, the absolute duration and amplitude of GABAergic inhibition may even be increased in comparison to the responses following afferent stimulation under control conditions since the excitatory drive of the paroxysmal discharges on the interneurons is strongly increased. In some interictal discharge patterns, the enhanced inhibitions within the focus determine the refractory periods of the focus. The latter is paced by neurons from the perifocal area which show a shorter inibition associated with the interictal epileptic event. The discharge pattern of the focus may switch to other patterns, either spontaneously, or as entrained by external stimulation. Such changes are caused e.g. by progressive potassium accumulations in the extracellular space with critically small intervals of the epileptic events. It is concluded that the epileptiform discharge patterns reflect intrinsic properties of the brain, and do not very well reflect the mechanism of action of the epileptogenic model. The brain is thus equipped with inherent mechanisms which favor rhythmic epileptiform discharges under certain conditions.
7
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Seizures-evoked activation of transcription factors

88%
Kaminska B., Lukasiuk K., Kaczmarek L.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1994
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vol. 54
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issue 2
65-72
8
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Emotion perception and interpersonal behaviour in epilepsy patients after unilateral amygdalohippocampectomy

88%
Ammerlaan E. J. G., Hendriks M. P. H., Colon A. J., Kessels R. P. C.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2008
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vol. 68
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issue 2
214-218
EN
Aim of this study was to examine the relation between perception of facial expressions and interpersonal behavior in epilepsy patients after unilateral amygdalohippocampectomy (AH). Nine patients with unilateral amygdalohippocampectomy and 14 controls completed a forced-choice emotional recognition task, in which morphed facial emotional expressions were shown at different emotional intensities, and a self-report questionnaire of interpersonal behavior. Face perception and depressive symptoms were also taken into account. Compared to normal controls, patients were less sensitive in the recognition of fearful and disgusted facial expressions, in line with previous reports. These impairments were only minimally correlated with self-report interpersonal behavior. In all, unilateral damage to the amygdala and medial temporal lobe results in subtle emotion recognition impairments, but these deficits do not appear to extend to self-reported impairments in everyday interpersonal behavior. Further studies need to explore in more detail the effects of these subtle recognition problems on daily social intercourse.
9
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Measurement of nitric oxide in hippocampal slices: induction with nitroso compounds and the effect of depolarization

88%
Haklar G., Saybasili H., Yuksel M., Yalcyn S.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2003
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vol. 63
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issue 4
319-325
EN
Nitric oxide not only acts as a messenger for different physiological processes, but also mediates neurotoxicity associated with a variety of neurological disorders including epilepsy. The molecular mechanisms behind these actions are unclear. In this study, we aimed to detect relative amounts of NO released from rat hippocampal slices by chemiluminescence measurements under NMDA stimulation and spontaneous depolarization conditions. Hippocampal slices were preferred because of their functional integrity useful in simulating in vivo conditions. The reliability of the system was verified by administering increasing concentrations of a NO donor sodium nitroprusside in different redox milieu and a NO scavenger, carboxy-2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (carboxy PTIO). The redox versatility of NO allows interconversion from neuroprotective to neurotoxic species by a change in the ambient redox milieu. We have quantitated NO formed under NMDA stimulation and spontaneous depolarization conditions, and showed that depolarization increased NO formation and was excitotoxic for the neural tissue.
10
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PC based EEG mapping system

75%
Walerjan P., Tarnecki R.
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issue 4
307-315
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