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Species richness and diversity of birds in Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria

100%
Fingesi U. I., Tyowua B. T., Fajobi E. A., Jamilu S. M.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2019
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vol. 22
1-11
EN
This study focused on bird species richness and diversity in Borgu sector, Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria. The study was undertaken to derive information on the species of birds utilizing the study area, and to determine the relative abundance and diversity of birds in the study area. The Line transect methods was used for the study. The result revealed that the present number and kinds of birds species in all the ranges sampled is very low, with Range 4 having the highest bird’s species richness of (22.29%). A total of 3255 birds were inventoried in all the ranges. These belonged to 44 species from 28 families. Family Ardeidae contain the highest number of 593 birds, followed by the family Sturnidae and Numididae - having 392 and 351 birds, respectively. The findings indicate that birds’ abundance is very low with many bird species displaying 0% relative abundance. The low abundance and diversity of birds indicates that Kainji Lake National Park birds in relation to habitat characteristics is very poor. Furthermore, the result from the test prediction Output shows that the estimators predict that (after 5 samples) there will be 41 birds’ family species in the habitat in future, since they (ACE, ICE, Chao2, Jack2) level off at 41. The result indicate that only the same birds species, instead of new birds species are presently seen in Kainji Lake National Park, which are poorly represented among 28 families sampled. It is, therefore, recommended that environmental education campaign on birds’ conservation and protection should be carried out in the communities around the park so as to persuade residents to stop killing birds.
2
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Birds Species Richness and Diversity in Okomu National Park, Nigeria

100%
Fingesi U. I., Akinola O. O., Adeola A. J., Ogbu S. E.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
111-120
EN
This study focused on the bird’s species richness and diversity in Okomu National Park, Nigeria. The studies was undertaken to derive information on the species of birds utilizing the Okomu National Park as well as determine the relative abundance and diversity of birds in area. The methodology employed in the study includes the use of direct method of census. Line transects was used. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (tables). The result gathered revealed that the national park is rich in birds species. A total number of 706 birds’ species in 23 families were also inventoried in all the ranges. The highest families Accipitridae, Alcedinidae, Bucerotidae, Muscicapidae, and Ploceidae has 3 represented species each, followed by families Meropidae, Nectariniidae, Picidae and Sturnidae having 2 represented species each. Birds were found in all the selected habitats. The park areas are under constant threat from unsustainable poaching, logging practices, and land conversion to agricultural uses. This logging and land use change have impacted Okomu National Park forests and the forest ability to withstand the effect or to become 'resilient' might be difficult due to the effects of climate change, and deforestation. Therefore there is need to include both the local indigenes and staff who knows the park area boundaries very well to be involved in the protection of the park resources. This will help in discouraging the killings of bird’s species by local poachers and others.
3
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Diversity of Boletaceae in western Burkina Faso

88%
Bakiono B., Sanon E., Dabire K., Nana R. S., Andiérèyir K. S., Guissou K. M. L.
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EN
Mycological outings to the Toussiambandogou, Dan, Mondon gallery forests and the Kou Classified Forest in western Burkina Faso over the last five years have resulted in the collection of one hundred and twenty (120) basidiomes of the Boletaceae family. They were dried and carefully preserved in the mycotheque of the Phytopathology and Tropical Mycology team of the Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SVT) of the Joseph KI-ZERBO University. The various descriptions carried out on the fresh samples and on the exsiccata. They allowed to divide the collection into twelve genera (12), namely Afroboletus (4.17%), Boletus (18.33%), Boletellus (8.33%), Crocinoboletus (5%), Hourangia (0.83%), Rubinoboletus (19.17%), Pulveroboletus (16.67%), Sotorius (2.50%), Suilus (0.83%), Strobilomyces (2.50%), Tylopilus (6.67%) and Xerocomus (15%) and forty-nine (49) species of which thirteen species are formally described. These results show that the Toussiambandougou gallery forest has a good diversity of boletes, with a rate of 46.67%, followed by Dan (11.67%). The Kou Classified Forest, despite its wealth of ectomycotrophic woody species and the extensive protection afforded to it by the Ministry of the Environment, was one of the poorest biotopes in Boletaceae (3.33%). This observation could be explained by the closure of the vegetation cover that does not allow good aeration and also by the senescence of the plant species that make up this forest. The present study, which is purely taxonomic, reveals the richness of Boletaceae in three gallery forests in the province of Kenedougou and the Kou Classified Forest in the province of Houet in western Burkina Faso.
4
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Preliminary checklist of Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) and their role in maintenance of trophic chain of birds in Ecopark, West Bengal, India

75%
Roy A. B., Chatterjee L., Samanta T., Sinha S., Besra S.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
308-315
EN
Ecopark Kolkata is a protected urban park of Kolkata West Bengal, having an area of approximately 480 acres. The study was conducted from May 2020 to April 2022. This study provides baseline data of moths in Ecopark, Kolkata. This is the first documentation and evaluation of the role of moths in the food web maintenance in birds, specially focused on an urban park in Kolkata. A total of 37 species under 12 families were reported in this present Survey. Of these, Crambidae shares maximum species 12 followed by Erebidae with 9 species; Noctuidae with 4 species; Zygaenidae, Sphingidae, Pyralidae each with 2 species and Uraniidae, Pterophoridae, Euteliidae, Geometridae, Nolidae, Limacodidae each with 1 species. The maximum number of the caterpillars of moth was found on Crotalaria retusa, Hymenocallis littoralis, Hiptage benghalensis, Ziziphus ziziphus, Moringa oleifera, Pithecellobium dulce, Lantana camara etc. Preference of food in between the resident birds also were found to be variable based on the bird species and the life stage of the moth and that in an urban park where vegetation and associated diversity is limited, moths can serve as a good supplementary food source for birds.
5
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Diversity of Microorganisms Associated with Deteriorated Tomatoes Sold by Vendors in Major Markets in Owerri

75%
Dike K. S., Onuoha N.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2024
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vol. 54
123-132
EN
Tomatoes hold considerable significance in Nigeria due to their substantial contributions to the employment sector, income generation for cultivators, and satisfaction of domestic and nutritional food requirements. Nonetheless, postharvest deterioration of a considerable quantity of tomato produce occurs in Nigeria as a result of the growth of spoilage organisms. The diversity of microorganisms associated with the deterioration of tomato fruits sold by vendors in four major markets in Owerri was analyzed. One hundred and twenty samples were randomly drawn from the various markets and subjected to standard microbiological techniques Total viable count (2.6 × 104 CFU/g), total coliform count (4.2 × 104 CFU/g), and total fungi count (7.0 × 105 CFU/g) were highest from deteriorated tomato samples analyzed from the relief market. A total of six bacteria genera belonging to Micrococcus sp., Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., Bacillus sp., and Staphylococcus spp. were identified. Staphylococcus spp (31.75%) was the most predominant bacteria isolate associated with the deteriorated tomato samples. This was followed by Escherichia coli 4 (25%), Bacillus sp. 3 (18.75%), Proteus sp. 2 (12.5%), Enterobacter sp. 1 (6.25%), and Micrococcus sp. Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus sp. were also isolated from the deteriorated tomatoes, with Rhizopus sp. being the most predominant isolate 6 (40%) while Aspergillus sp. 4 (26.7%) was the least predominant isolate. The isolation of potential pathogens from deteriorated tomatoes sold by vendors in the four major markets in Owerri represents a significant health risk to consumers. A robust measure to combat post-harvest deterioration of tomatoes should be put in place by government agencies at all levels. Additionally, public enlightenment and awareness campaigns on the consequences of consuming deteriorated tomatoes should be encouraged.
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