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1
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SAECG in exercise test for prediction of diabetic coronary artery disease

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Bigi M., Aslani A., Aslani A.
Open Medicine
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2010
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vol. 5
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issue 3
298-302
EN
Signal averaged electrocardiogram (SAECG) is considered an important noninvasive indicator identifying patients at risk for ventricular arrhythmias. The aim of this study was to improve noninvasive prediction of CAD by integrating SAECG with the result of exercise tests in diabetic patients. Diabetic patients with stable angina pectoris underwent exercise testing and SAECG. Then a diagnostic score was derived that combined results of exercise testing and SAECG. A diagnostic score (0 to 2 points) was calculated by assigning 1 point for a positive exercise test result and 1 point for a positive SAECG. One hundred and seventy patients were included in the study. In patients with a score of 0, the likelihood of CAD is 18% whereas the likelihood of CAD is 95% in patients with a score of 2. Triple vessel CAD is present in 54%, 7% and only 1.5% of patients with score 2, 1 and 0 respectively. Therefore, patients with score 2 have a poor prognosis compared with score 1 or 0. A diagnostic score combining exercise testing and SAECG can distinguish patients with CAD from those without CAD with high accuracy in diabetic patients.
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Immediate cardiovascular effects of pranava relaxation in patients with hypertension and diabetes

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Bhavanani A., Madanmohan, Zeena S., Vithiyalakshmi L.
Biomedical Human Kinetics
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2012
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vol. 4
66-69
EN
Study aim: To assess immediate cardiovascular effect of pranava pranayama in the supine position in patients with concomitant hypertension and diabetes.Material and methods: Twenty-nine established patients having both hypertension and type 2 diabetes and attending regular therapy sessions were recruited and randomly allotted to pranava or control groups. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded before and after 10 minutes of "sham relaxation" in the control group and 10 minutes of pranava pranayama in the study group.Results: Significant (p<0.05) decreases of blood pressure and heart rate were observed. However, responses in the pranava and control groups were different: systolic pressure, pulse pressure, as well as mean pressure significantly decreased in the pranava group and this was not observed in the control group.Conclusions: Pranava pranayam in the supine posture produces an integrated relaxation response, clinically valuable in patients with hypertension and diabetes.
3
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A case of mono-microbial Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in a metropolitan region of Australia

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Palamuthusingam D., Dwyer B.
Open Medicine
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 6
818-820
EN
This documented case of mono-microbial Klebsiella pneumonia liver abscess with pulmonary metastasis in an adult in metropolitan Australian evokes important epidemiological, clinical and microbiological issues. These include the increasing incidence of this disease in western society, predisposing conditions, variability of presentation and the virulence of Klebsiella pneumonia.
4
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MicroRNAs in diabetes - are they perpetrators in disguise or just epiphenomena?

100%
Puthanveetil P., Thomas A. A., Chakrabarti S.
Non-coding RNAs in Endocrinology
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2014
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are non-coding RNAs, the majority of which are 22 nucleotide in size. They regulate gene transcription and control more than 50% of the mammalian genome. Although functional significance and targets of several miRNAs are yet to be identified, they may be regarded as controller of cellular physiology and function. Through such regulation they play vital roles in normal and diseased states. In the context of diabetes and chronic diabetic complications, recent research has identified alterations of a significant number of miRNAs. However, in a complex chronic disease like diabetes, multiple transcripts may also change in a temporal fashion depending on the disease progression and activation of counter-regulatory mechanisms. Hence, it is also possible that some miRNA changes may not be causally related to the disease pathogenesis and represent epiphenomena. To date, over 500 studies have addressed the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and chronic diabetic complications. Majority of the altered miRNAs appear to have pathogenetic roles. In this review, we have tried to identify alterations of specific miRNAs and the pathways they may regulate. We have also tried to identify whether some of these miRNA alterations may form basis of potential treatments
5
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Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on the Body System

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Adeleke D. A., Olajide P. A., Omowumi O. S., Okunlola D. D., Taiwo A. M., Adetuyi B. O.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2022
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vol. 44
1-23
EN
Worldwide, monosodium glutamate is utilized as a flavor enhancer and is composed of essential amino acids for nutrition. Numerous health issues are thought to be linked to monosodium glutamate. Studies have demonstrated that monosodium glutamate has harmful side effects, notably in animals, such as the development of obesity and diabetes as well as hepatotoxic, neurotoxic, and genotoxic consequences. According to several accounts, human subjects were becoming more ravenous, eating more, and becoming obese. Only a few human studies have been done to examine the potential genotoxic, neurotoxic, and hepatotoxic consequences of monosodium glutamate. Exploring the molecular and metabolic mechanisms relating to monosodium glutamate will need a lot of investigation.
6
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Shoulder dystocia related fetal neurological injuries: the role of diabetic control

88%
Iffy L., Brimacombe M., Varadi V., Raghuwanshi M., Ganesh V., Raju V.
Open Medicine
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2009
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vol. 4
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issue 1
76-83
EN
The study explores the roles of routine prenatal diabetic screening and control in the occurrence of neurological birth injuries associated with shoulder dystocia. The investigation involved retrospective review of 226 medical records that contained information about the antenatal events in cases that resulted in permanent neonatal injuries following arrest of the shoulders at delivery. Close attention was paid to diabetic screening and management of mothers with evidence of glucose intolerance. Analysis of the records revealed that one-third of all women, including those with predisposing factors, received no diabetic screening during pregnancy. The majority of confirmed diabetic patients were not treated adequately. Among babies of diabetic women, birth weights exceeding 4500 g were about 30-fold more frequent than among those with normal glucose tolerance. The data suggest that universal screening and rigid diabetic control, including mothers with borderline glucose tolerance, are effective measures for the prevention of excessive fetal growth and intrapartum complications deriving from it. If ignored, impaired maternal glucose tolerance may become a major predisposing factor for neurological birth injuries. It appears therefore that with routine screening for diabetic predisposition and effective control of gestational diabetes the risk of fetal damage can be reduced substantially.
7
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Predictors of diabetic nephropathy

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Gaballa M., Farag Y.
Open Medicine
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2013
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vol. 8
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issue 3
287-296
EN
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients representing a huge health and economic burden. Alarming recent data described diabetes as an unprecedented worldwide epidemic, with a prevalence of ∼6.4% of the world population in 2010, while the prevalence of CKD among diabetics was approximately 40%. With a clinical field hungry for novel markers predicting DN, several clinical and laboratory markers were identified lately with the promise of reliable DN prediction. Among those are age, gender, hypertension, smoking, sex hormones and anemia. In addition, eccentric left ventricular geometric patterns, detected by echocardiography, and renal hypertrophy, revealed by ultrasonography, are promising new markers predicting DN development. Serum and urinary markers are still invaluable elements, including serum uric acid, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (u-LFABP), and urinary nephrin. Moreover, studies have illustrated a tight relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and the development of DN. The purpose of this review is to present the latest advances in identifying promising predictors to DN, which will help guide the future research questions in this field. Aiming at limiting this paramount threat, further efforts are necessary to identify and control independent modifiable risk factors, while developing an integrative algorithm for utilization in DN future screening programs.
8
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Population-based cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey

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Ozkara A., Turgut F., Kanbay M., Selcoki Y., Akcay A.
Open Medicine
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2008
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vol. 3
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issue 2
173-178
EN
Hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking are known to be the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Because the elderly population has been increasing globally, CVD may become a more important public health problem in the future. This report examines the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly in Ankara, Turkey. This was a cross-sectional survey and included a total of 2720 individuals living in the Ankara district. Trained research staff administered a standard questionnaire in the participants’ homes and worksites. The questionnaire collected information on clinical and demographic characteristics and a self-reported medical history, including past history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, coronary artery by-pass graft operation, and cerebrovascular accident. The mean age of the study participants was 69.5 ± 7.2 years. The study identified 1298 women (78.1%) and 753 men (71.2%) with hypertension, and the overall prevalence of hypertension was 75.4%. A total of 739 (27.2%) people had diabetes mellitus, and, of these people, 603 (81.6%) were hypertensive. A total of 1361 people had hyperlipidemia, and 1103 of these patients were also hypertensive. The overall prevalence of obesity was 27.2%. A total of 553 (20.3%) people were smokers. Our findings indicate that cardiovascular risk factors are very common in the elderly. To maximize risk reduction, physicians must take aggressive measures to decrease cardiovascular risk factors.
9
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Factors associated with increased pulse wave velocity in peritoneal dialysis patients

75%
Stróżecki P., Donderski R., Grajewska M., Marcinkowska E., Kozłowski M., Pollak J., Odrowąż-Sypniewska G., Manitius J.
Open Medicine
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2010
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vol. 5
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issue 3
381-386
EN
Elevated pulse wave velocity (PWV) reflects increased arterial stiffness. Several studies have investigated PWV in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, but direct comparisons with healthy controls were not done. The potential influence of peritoneal transport characteristics on arterial stiffness in PD patients was suggested in recent studies. The aims of this study were to compare PWV in PD patients and healthy volunteers, and to investigate factors associated with increased PWV. The carotid-femoral PWV was measured in 28 PD patients and 28 healthy controls, matched for age and gender. A peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was performed in all PD patients. Based on the PET, patients were classified as: high transporters (H) (n=8), high-average (HA) (n=12), low-average (LA) (n=6), and low transporters (L) (n=2). Six of the PD patients were diabetic. PWV was significantly higher in the PD patients than in the controls (9,9±2,4 vs. 8,0±0,9; p=0,0004). In the PD group, PWV was higher in H/HA than in L/LA patients (10,4 ± 2,5 vs. 8,6 ± 1,0; p=0,008), but all the diabetic patients were in the H/HA group. PWV was significantly higher in diabetic than in non-diabetic PD patients (12,8 ± 2,0 vs. 9,1 ± 1,7; p=0,004). In the PD patients, significant positive correlations were found between PWV and: age, pulse pressure, Kt/V, and duration of PD therapy. In conclusion, the carotid-femoral PWV is elevated in peritoneal dialysis patients. Increased PWV in PD patients is associated with age, diabetic status, and longer duration of PD therapy, but not with this type of peritoneal transport.
10
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Does diabetes affect the intensity of staining of interstitial cells and neuronal tissue in the bladder, prostate and urethra of rabbits?

75%
Canda A., Aktas S., Turna B., Cinar M.
Open Medicine
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2010
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vol. 5
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issue 1
108-114
EN
We compared the intensity of staining of interstitial cells (ICs) and neural tissue in the lower urinary tract of rabbits with diabetes with the intensity in normal subjects. Diabetes was induced by injecting alloxane (65mg/kg) in adult male rabbits. After 3 days, rabbits with a blood glucose level >300 mg/dL were considered to have diabetes. After 8 weeks, the rabbits were killed, and tissue specimens from the bladder, prostate and urethra were obtained. ICs were stained with anti-human CD117 (c-kit) rabbit polyclonal antibody, and neural tissue was stained with synaptophysin. The streptavidin-biotin method was used for immunohistochemical staining. The intensity of c-kit and synaptophysin staining were scored as negative (0), weak (+), moderate (++), and strong (+++). Staining intensity of ICs and neural tissue was assessed and compared in tissues obtained from rabbits with diabetes (n=8) and from control subjects (n=7). Although staining intensity of both ICs and neural tissue was found to be significantly decreased in the bladder tissue of rabbits with diabetes compared to that in the control group (p=0.0001 [ICs] and p=0.021 [neural tissue]), no significant differences in staining intensity of ICs and neural tissue in the urethra and in the prostate was found when rabbits with diabetes were compared to the control group. Diabetes may cause dysfunction of the lower urinary tract, particularly in the urinary bladder, as shown by the staining intensity of ICs and neural tissue.
11
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Serum levels of sFas and sFasL in subjects with type 2 diabetes - the impact of arterial hypertension

75%
Stoynev N., Kalinov K., Kirilov G., Tankova T.
Open Medicine
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2014
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vol. 9
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issue 5
704-708
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