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Frontal and callosal white matter changes and their potential effects on neurocognitive functioning in alcohol addicts: a meta-analysis

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Nowaczyk N.
Acta Neuropsychologica
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2019
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vol. 17(2)
189-205
EN
This meta-analysis of published studies examines the fractional anisotropy coefficient of frontal and callosal microstructural abnormalities in alcohol addiction. Twelve articles (total Nalc = 230) were included. Eighteen of the examined data points concern changes in the corpus callosum, twenty-three point to alterations in frontal white matter tracts, and eleven described microstructural tracts having potential effects on cognitive functions such as short-term and working memory, decision making, selective attention, and visuospatial ability. The random effect models show a standardized mean difference in the particular fiber tracts in all studies: SMDall = 1.20, SMDcc = 1.26, SMDfwm = 1.17, SMDcog = 1.07. The heterogeneity ranges from very low (CC) to high (FWM). In summary, these results confirm and provide significant evidence that callosal and frontal microstructural abnormalities are present in the course of alcohol addiction. This findings also highlight the necessity to further examine patients’ cognitive functioning.
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Fibre tracking: probabilistic approach and preliminary results

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Torresin A., Moscato A., Minella M., Cardinale F., Minati L., Aquino D.
Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering
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2009
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vol. 15
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issue 4
227-237
EN
The aim of this work is to have a preliminary experience with probabilistic tractography. We performed fibres reconstruction for three tracts of interest with data obtained from two MR imaging units equipped with different gradients system. An acquisition protocol optimization has been necessary in order to obtain a good trade-off between image quality and data collection time. Possible solutions to acquisition and processing problems are discussed. Future developments and possible applications in neurosurgery are also suggested.
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