Search results

Search:
in the keywords: Circulating microRNAs

Sort By:

Limit search:

From Cradle to the Grave: Tissue-specific microRNA signatures in detecting clinical progression of diabetes

100%

Farr R., Taylor C. J., Satoor S. N., Williams M. D., Joglekar M. V.

Non-coding RNAs in Endocrinology

2014

vol. 1

issue 1

Ever since the discovery of small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs have been identified to play a critical role in development and function of pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells. Research carried out until now demonstrates that microRNAs can specifically target key pancreatic transcription factors and signalling molecules. This in turn may influence changes in insulin production and secretion. microRNAs are also identified in insulin target organs that are altered as a result of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Recent studies demonstrate that microRNAs are not only confined to cells but are also detected in biological fluids including serum, plasma and urine. These data indicate that miRNAs may be looked upon having a dual role, as biomarkers and as regulators of disease. We review the existing literature in understanding the role of microRNAs in development, function and death of pancreatic beta cells as well as in the development of metabolic disease. We discuss the possible mechanisms that contribute to identifying the role of microRNAs as sensitive and efficient biomarkers to predict the progression of diabetes. Understanding tissue-specific microRNA signatures and their role as a cause or effect of diabetes would provide more information on progression of this disease.

Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure

75%

Cameron V. A., Pilbrow A. P.

microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics

2014

vol. 1

issue 1

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding, single-stranded RNAs (19–25 nucleotides long) that regulate expression of multiple target genes, predominantly by binding to the 3′ untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts, resulting either in translational inhibition or mRNA degradation. miRNAs are found in many bodily fluids, including plasma and serum, and are protected from degradation in the circulation through association with lipids, proteins, or microparticles, making them attractive disease biomarker candidates. Circulating levels of cardiac miRNAs (including miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208a, miR-208b, and miR-499) have been frequently reported as elevated in both coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure (HF) and have been proposed as candidate biomarkers that reflect the severity of myocardial injury. Subsequent large, array-based screening studies comparing patients and controls have identified altered expression of additional miRNAs, not just those of cardiac origin. However, among these studies there has been little consensus as to which miRNAs are top candidates for diagnosis or prognosis in either CHD or HF. The measurement of circulating miRNAs is further complicated by the timing of collection, especially after acute cardiac events while miRNA levels in blood may be rapidly changing; confounding influences from medications or contaminating blood cells at the time of sampling; and the need for standardization of normalization strategies. This review evaluates recent developments in the identification of circulating miRNAs as markers for diagnosis and prognosis in CHD and HF, and the methodological issues in measurement of circulating miRNAs.

Refine search results

1 Non-coding RNAs in Endocrinology

1 microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics

2 2014

1 Cameron V. A.

1 Farr R.

1 Joglekar M. V.

1 Pilbrow A. P.

1 Satoor S. N.

1 Taylor C. J.

1 Williams M. D.

Search results

From Cradle to the Grave: Tissue-specific microRNA signatures in detecting clinical progression of diabetes

Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure