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Phytoplankton Susceptibility Towards Toxic Heavy Metal Cadmium: Mechanism and Its Recent Updates

100%
Permana R., Akbarsyah N.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2021
|
vol. 38
83-97
EN
Environmental pollution particularly heavy metal pollution into aquatic ecosystem has led to multiple damage in almost all life forms. Cadmium is one of the priority pollutant listed by United States Environmental Protection Agency or US EPA that widely known to have an adverse effect to organisms as well as human health. One type of organism that is susceptible to the effects of metal pollution is phytoplankton. Phytoplankton is a group of microalgae that are easy to find and are primary producers in aquatic environments. Phytoplankton plays an important role in aquatic ecosystems because they serve as primary producers. They are representing the water total primary productivity and reinforcing the aquatic life on the higher food chain. Thus, any threats that endangered the population of phytoplankton can lead to trophical cascade or even worse, biodiversity loss. The exposure of cadmium in high concentration to phytoplankton can lead to various impact including cell damage and disruption, biosynthesis inhibition of photosynthetic pigment (e.g. chlorophyll and carotenoid), chlorphyll degradation or known as chlorosis, thylakoid membrane degradation, inhibition of cellular metabolism and cell division. It is important to study the impact of cadmium to phytoplankton in a cellular level to better understand what mechanism lies and to what extent that the cadmium will be transferred to higher trophical organism via bioaccumulation or biomagnification.
2
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Cadmium Toxicity Towards Marine Diatom Thalassiosira sp. and its Alteration on Chlorophyll-a and Carotenoid Content

100%
Wahyu D., Hindarti D., Permana R.
World News of Natural Sciences
|
2020
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vol. 31
48-57
EN
Cadmium is one of the non-essential metals that have toxic effects on aquatic organisms, including diatoms. Diatoms play significant important roles in the aquatic environment, hence, the presence of cadmium will have a significance growth inhibition to its abundance. In this paper, we tried to clarify the effects of cadmium on growth, chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents of the diatom Thalassiosira sp. Growth inhibition of the phytoplankton was determined following exposure for 96h to several different concentrations of cadmium solutions in an experiment adapted from ASEAN-Canada CPMS II. Our work shows that IC50 of growth and chlorophyll-a was around 0.32 mg/L and 0.914 mg/L, respectively. In addition, Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) and No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) were 0.18 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L, respectively. In conclusion, cadmium inhibits the growth, as well as the photosynthetic pigment contents of Thalassiosira sp.
3
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Biosorption of toxic metals using freely suspended Microcystis aeruginosa biomass

88%
Rzymski P., Niedzielski P., Karczewski J., Poniedziałek B.
Open Chemistry
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2014
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vol. 12
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issue 12
1232-1238
EN
This paper describes the potential application of a freely suspended cyanobacterial biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa as a sorption material for toxic metals, cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) from aqueous solutions. In order to identify the most suitable conditions for removal of these elements (concentration range: 1–20 mg L−1), the laboratory experiments were carried out during different incubation times (1–48 h) and under various temperatures (10–40°C), pH (5–9) and with or without light irradiance. Competitive biosorption of Cd and Pb was also investigated. We found that M. aeruginosa demonstrates high efficiency in removing both of the studied metals from aqueous solutions. Sorption of Pb occurred, however, more rapidly and effectively, and was less disturbed by changes in physico-chemical conditions. Under pH=7, 25°C and light, the removal rates after 3 h and 6 h of incubation, were 90–100% for Pb and 79.5–100% for Cd, respectively. The co-occurrence of the metals decreased the rate of metal biosorption. Pb was sequestered preferentially over Cd. From the results we conclude that freely suspended M. aeruginosa can constitute a promising low-cost, easy-producible biosorbent material for toxic metals in contaminated wastewater.
4
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Solvent extraction with organophosphorus extractants in environmental samples: determination of cadmium(II) in natural water

88%
Mánuel V., Pinto J., Mendiguchía C., Moreno C.
Open Chemistry
|
2014
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vol. 12
|
issue 3
348-353
EN
In this work, Cd(II) extraction in natural waters by organophosphorus extractants as organic phase, as well as its back-extraction in an acidic media, has been studied. Cadmium extraction behavior at natural waters’ pH conditions (values in the range 7–8) was studied with two different extractants and co-ions, obtaining the highest extraction efficiency when using 0.1M Cyanex 272 in kerosene as organic phase and 0.1 M NO3 − as co-ion. Once they were selected, the effect on the extraction efficiency of sample pH, buffer concentration, extraction time, Cyanex 272 concentration as well as back-extractant concentration, was studied. The presence of the main inorganic and organic ligands in the sample was also studied, observing that extraction efficiency was affected most significantly when chlorides were present, with a decrease of about 14%, proving negligible for the others. Under the selected conditions, spiked real samples were successfully analyzed.
5
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A silica gel-bound macrocycle system for the selective separation of toxic cadmium from metal-affluent aqueous matrix

88%
Hasegawa H., Rahman I., Begum Z., Umehara Y., Maki T., Furusho Y., Mizutani S.
Open Chemistry
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 3
341-347
EN
Abstract Selective separation of cadmium(II) on a macrocycle immobilized solid phase extraction (SPE) system namely AnaLig Cd-01, and commonly known as molecular recognition technology (MRT) gel, have been examined. The MRT-SPE able to retain the cadmium from the metal-affluent aqueous matrix at the pH range of 2 to 8, and the captured species can be recovered via elution with 1 and 6 M HNO3. Besides the effects of solution pH and eluent concentration, the impacts of sample loading flow rates and coexisting matrix ions were also investigated and optimized. The Cd(II) retention capacity of the MRT-SPE was 0.26 mmol g-1, and it can be reused for more than 100 loading and elution cycles. The Cd(II) recovery attained from the metal-spiked natural waters was satisfactory (95.3–98.1%). However, the Cd(II) retention ability of the MRT-SPE was significantly decreased when excess of chelant remain in the aqueous waste matrix. Graphical abstract [...]
6
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Cadmium and lead recovery from yeast biomass

88%
Kordialik-Bogacka E.
Open Chemistry
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 2
320-325
EN
The feasibility of the application of various eluents for recovery of lead and cadmium from Saccharomyces biomass has been investigated. Desorbing agents such as HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, EDTA and NaOH at concentrations of 0.05–0.5 M were used. The possibility of re-using of S. pastorianus for cadmium removal was assessed. Among the desorbing agents EDTA and mineral acids were the most effective, as approximately 85% of lead and cadmium could be recovered. However, when HNO3 and EDTA were used as desorbing agents, a dramatic loss in the cadmium adsorption by the biomass in the next cycles was observed.
7
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Removal of cadmium and copper ions by Trichosporon cutaneum R57 cells immobilized onto polyvinyl alcohol/tetraethoxysilane hybrid matrices

88%
Bryaskova R., Georgieva N., Peshev D.
Open Chemistry
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2010
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vol. 8
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issue 5
1053-1058
EN
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) hybrid materials were prepared by sol-gel methods and tested as matrices for immobilization of Trichosporon cutaneum R57, capable of removing cadmium and copper ions from aqueous solutions. A kinetic model was applied and the effects of matrix TEOS content on the copper and cadmium uptake equilibria and rate constants were investigated. [...]
8
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Determination of selected trace metals (Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd) in soils by slurry sampling GF AAS

75%
Cejner M., Dobrowolski R., Reszko-Zygmunt J.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio AA – Chemia
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2015
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vol. 70
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issue 2
EN
Determination of cadmium, lead, chromium and nickel in soil samples by slurry sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) was presented. Optimization of determination conditions, stability test for slurries and metal partitioning between solid and liquid phase was investigated. The method was successfully tested by the analysis of certified reference materials.
9
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Phosphate ore washing by Na2EDTA for cadmium removal: Optimization of the operating conditions

75%
Benredjem Z., Delimi R., Khelalfa A.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 3
15-20
EN
This paper discusses the extraction of cadmium from phosphate ore by the washing method. Various parameters were investigated for the cadmium extraction from phosphate ore. The results from extraction tests showed that cadmium extraction depends on the nature and concentration of the extracting agent, the liquid/phosphate ore ratio, the temperature and the solution pH. The effi ciency of the nine extracting agents for removing cadmium from phosphate ore was found to be in the order: Na2EDTA > citric acid > tartric acid > ammonium citrate > calcium chloride > ammonium acetate > ammonium chloride > oxalic acid > ammonium hydroxide. In this study cadmium extraction kinetics was best described by the product layer diffusion control model.
10
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Cadmium exposure induced itai-itai-like syndrome in male rats

75%
Chen X., Zhu G., Jin T., Gu S., Tan M., Xiao H., Qiu J.
Open Medicine
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 4
425-434
EN
Fourteen Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 2 groups which were given CdCl2 at the doses of 0 and 1.5 mg /kg for 12 weeks. Before sacrifice, microCT scanning were performed on the proximal tibia and urine were collected for cadmium and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase assay, then all of rats were sacrificed and blood was collected for biomarkers measurement; bone tissues were collected for bone mass, histology and biomechanical analysis. The cadmium in blood, urine, bone and kidney of rats treated with cadmium was significantly higher than those in the control group. The bone mineral density, and bone mineral ability of rats treated with cadmium were obviously decreased by 20%–50% compared to controls. Bone microstructure index and trabecular separation of rats treated with cadmium were obviously lower (−50%) and significantly higher (+150%) than that in the control group. Bone biomechanical property decreased by 30%–60% in cadmium treated rats compared to control. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b and alkaline phosphatase levels of rats treated with cadmium were significantly higher than those in control, but serum osteocalcin level decreased greatly by cadmium. Obvious proximal tubule damage occurred after cadmium exposure. These observations gave clear and comprehensive evidence that cadmium exposure could induce itai-itai-like syndrome in male rats.
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