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EN
The aim of this study was to compare the mechanisms of increased responsiveness of the beta-adrenoceptor dependent cyclic AMP generating system induced by chronic decrease of noradrenaline availability (beta-upregulation) with that resulting from simultaneous stimulation of alfa-adrnoceptors (alfa-potentiation) and to assess the role of portein kinase C in these phenomena. The beta-upregulation was produced by central chemosympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine>. The role of alfa1- and alfa2-adrenoceptors was assessed by comparison of the effects of specific beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol with those of a mixed alfa-beta-adrenoceptor agonist noradrenaline and clonidine was used to selectively stimulate alfa1-adrenoceptors. The role of protein kinase C was assessed by measuring cyclic AMP responses in the presence and absence of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate. The results indicate that the mechanism of increased responsiveness induced by central chemosympathectomy is different from the alfa-potentiation, that only alfa1-adrenoceptors are involved positively in alfa-potentiation, while the alfa1-adrenoceptors play an inhibitory role, and that increased responsiveness following central chemosympathectomy may be inhibited by protein kinase C activation.
EN
(1) We favour a hypothesis that the delayed in is iniated by the increase of intracellular concentration, activating transiently Ca-dependent .(2) The secondary effects of the , short-lasting PKC translocation/activation could involve:an activation of cAMP signaling pathway; an activation of early response like .
EN
This review focuses on the influence of well-known intracellular second messengers on the activity of potassium channels expressed in human T lymphocytes. Basic biophysical properties of the channels are briefly presented. Available data on the regulatory role of intracellular calcium and cyclic AMP is reviewed. Finally, a possible influence of lipid compounds, especially high-density lipoproteins, lysophospholipids and sphingolipids, on the expression and activity of potassium channels in human T lymphocytes is discussed.
EN
Chronic co-administration of nifedipine and ECT or imipramine results in an increase in responsiveness of cerebral cortical alfa1-adrenoceptor as measured by accumulation of inositol phosphate in cortical slices after noradrenaline stimulation; the responsiveness of beta-adrenoceptor, measured by accumulation of cyclic AMP, was depressed similarly by antidepressant treatment with and without nifedipine.
EN
Two molecular forms of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), i.e., PACAP27 and PACAP38 (0.0001-1 muM), as well as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP; 0.1-3 muM), have been studied for their effects on cyclic AMP formation in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex of duck and goose. All three peptides concentration-dependently stimulated cyclic AMP production in the tested brain regions of 2-3-weeks-old (young) ducks, with VIP showing at least one order of magnitude weaker activity than PACAP. This characteristics suggests the existence in the duck's brain of adenylyl cyclase-linked PAC1 receptors. Both forms of PACAP also stimulated the nucleotide formation in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus of 5-6-months-old (adult) ducks or geese grown under natural environment. The peptides-evoked effects in adult and young ducks were comparable, and clearly greater than those found in adult geese. The present data extend our recent observations made on chicks, and suggest PACAP to be a potent stimulator of the cyclic AMP generation in the avian central nervous system.
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