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1

Interactions between river catchments and the coast-al zone: the EuroCat-VisCat project

100%
Buszewski B., Kowalska J., Pacyna J., Kot A., Namiesnik J.
Oceanological Studies
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2002
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vol. 31
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issue 1-2
107-116
EN
The overall aim of the EuroCat Project is to develop a quantifiable framework of analysis for improved planning and management of catchments by analyzing the response of coastal zones of the North, Mediterranean and Baltic Sea, to changes in fluxes of nutrients, organic and inorganic xenobiotic compounds from the European rivers and their catchments (Axios, Elbe, Humber, Po, Rhine and Vistula). These changes are a consequence of introduction a new legal regulations, schemes and socio-economic conditions in the areas of countries where these catchments are located. The scale of these changes is also dependent on biogeochemical and physical properties of the catchment and they are carried from the local to global scale. The specific goal of the VisCat program is to create a system which will be used to evaluate the environmental impacts on the Vistula river catchment and the Baltic Sea due to the change from the central economy to the market economy in Eastern and Central Europe (VisCat). The primary issue of this program is also to assess the influence of the run-off reservoir in Wloclawek (Wloclawek dam), sewage-treatment plant in Torun and Vistula river?s tributaries on reduction of sediments, plankton and other pollutants in the Vistula river. Next the impact of these local changes on the global state will be studied. Another aspect of this study area within the EuroCat-VisCat program will be estimation of socio-economic changes such as: adapting the Polish law concerning management of water resources, state, regional and local programs of activity in this area and human influence on the water and ecosystem of the Vistula catchment and the Baltic coastal zone (tourism, agriculture, industry etc.) related to directives of the European Union. Next all these results will be referred to the global situation in the whole of Europe to make a prognosis of the state and behaviour of river catchments and coastal zones in the future.
2

The accessibility of coastal environmental information through the Internet (Mermaid - the Internet Data Broker concept)

100%
Krzyminski W., Kaminska K. M., Kaminska M., Kozakiewicz K. A., Kozakiewicz A., Naguszewski N. A., Naguszewski A., Franz F. M., Franz M.
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2000
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vol. 29
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issue 3
109-113
EN
The paper gives an overview of the modern concept of Internet data broker for environmental data transfer and exchange thorough the Internet. The main tasks of the specific data broker components are to catalogue data (metadata database), to search for data, to retrieve data subsets, to package data, to dispatch data and finally to charge for the data. These issues are covered by the activities within the EU 5th Framework Programme known as Marine Environmental Response data Management and Acquisition using Internet Data brokerage, or MERMAID. The main idea of the project is that many users are linked through the Internet Data Broker with various environmental datasets made available by data providers.
3

Total gaseous mercury over the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk

100%
Beldowska M., Falkowska L., Marks R.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2003
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issue 3
3-18
EN
Measurements of total gaseous mercury (TGM) were carried out in the Polish coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk from Hel, situated at the end the tip of the Hel Peninsula, to Piaski in the Vistula Pit. The results were recorded in the atmosphere 150 cm above the ground using an automatic analyzer Gardis 1A in March, April and May 1999. The mercury concentration over the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk did not exceed maximum permissible levels and were at levels similar to those in other maritime regions of the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. The average concentration of mercury was 3.4 ng m-3. Increased TGM concentrations of approximately 8.2 ng m-3 occurred locally near the sewage treatment facility in Sztutowo, on the tip of the Hel Peninsula and in the Tri-Cities near the industrial areas of shipyards and the harbor. No increased concentrations of gaseous mercury were registered in the vicinity of the heat and power plant or the refinery as chimneys release fumes at high altitudes. What is more, the mercury concentrations recorded in the forests of the Vistula Lagoon and the Hel Pit were nine times lower than the average concentration. Laboratory experiments carried out on samples of sea water from three coastal measurement stations proved that mixing in the sea surf zone influences the emission of mercury from the water into the atmosphere. The emission of gaseous mercury from the surface waters of the Gulf of Gdansk was higher in March when the life processes in the water were still slow and bio-accumulation was very limited.
4

Background/reference values and environmental quality criteria as applied to the Southern Baltic

100%
Lysiak-Pastuszak E., Drgas N.
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EN
In view of the fact that the Water Framework Directive of the European Community has come into force, efforts have been undertaken within HELCOM to elaborate environmental quality criteria based on background/reference values. The purpose of the environmental quality criteria is to enable local and regional authorities and others to make accurate assessments of the environmental quality on the basis of the available data on the state of the environment and thus to obtain a better basis for environmental planning and management. The environmental quality of the marine environment is determined in terms of threats to the environment: eutrophication, toxic pollutants - organic compounds, heavy metals and physical disturbance. The parameters used to assess the eutrophication are nutrients and Secchi depth. Metals and toxic organic pollutants are assessed in sediment and organisms. A clear definition of the term ?background concentrations? is being formulated. In this communique, a short review of the Polish historical data, which may serve as background values for nutrients, is presented together with a brief description of the current environmental disturbances.
5

Influence of the Gdansk - east wastewater treatment plant on the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk - hydrodynamic aspects

100%
Robakiewicz M.
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2000
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vol. 29
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issue 4
97-108
EN
The Gdansk - East Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) with its predicted average discharge of 2 m3 s-1 is the largest treatment plant with an outfall pointing into the Gulf of Gdansk. The discharge of only mechanically treated wastes into the final kilometre of the River Wisla gave rise to serious environmental problems in the coastal zone. This paper discusses the situation in 1995 and the possible relocation of the outfall based on hydrodynamic conditions. Numerical modelling has been applied to estimate the area influenced by treated water discharged at a variety of locations. The analysis indicates that the optimum location for the outfall would be approximately 2500 metres offshore.
6

Wind-induced variability of hydrological parameters in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea - a numerical study

100%
Jankowski A.
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2000
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vol. 29
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issue 3
5-34
EN
Abstract The wind-produced variability of temperature, salinity and velocity in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea have been investigated with the help of a three-dimensional F-coordinate baroclinic model. The model was based on the Princeton Ocean Model code of Mellor (1993), known as POM. The main intention of this study was to reproduce the variability of the hydrological conditions as the response of stratified seawaters to the model atmospheric forcing of three successive storms. Winds of constant speed from eight directions over the Baltic during each storm were considered. The presentation of results is limited to the area along the Polish coasts of the Baltic Sea, where the complicated bottom topography exerts a crucial influence on water movements. The numerical model runs show that winds can play an important role in the water exchange between the coastal region and the open sea, generating intense fluctuations of hydrological parameters. When winds are from the SE, E and NE, coastal upwelling is frequent along the Polish Baltic coast (Bychkova and Victorov 1987, Bychkova et al. 1988, Urbanski 1993). The results calculated with the use of the POM code are in agreement with the results obtained using the z-level model (Krauss and Br?gge 1991) and from studies in the Great Lakes and in other upwelling areas (Bennet 1974, Krauss 1979, Fennel 1986).
7

Diatoms as indicators of water pollution in the coast-al zone of the Gulf of Gda?sk (Southern Baltic Sea)

100%
Bogaczewicz-Adamczak B., Klosinska D., Zgrundo A.
Oceanological Studies
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2001
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vol. 30
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issue 3-4
59-75
EN
The subject of the study was microphytobenthos in the sediments of the coastal zone of the Sopot sea-resort (the Gulf of Gdansk). Sediment samples were taken from 12 sites situated in the mouths of the streams and creeks and from the beach close to the sea, once a month from January to December 1998. The indicative groups of diatoms were the basis of the estimation of water quality, taking into consideration its salinity, trophic state and saprobity. The quality of water was classified according to Lange-Bertalot (1979). The results of the diatom studies indicate that the dominating groups were the oligo-halobous and mesohalobous taxa, chatacteristic of highly eutrophic waters. The most abundant groups were the resistant (poly-saprobic and '-mesosaprobic) and tolerant ($-mesosaprobic) diatoms, which are indicators of water quality class III in the coastal zone of the Sopot sea-resort.
8

Lidar-based investigations of optical extinction in the marine boundary layer over the coastal area

100%
Zielinski T., Piskozub P. J., Piskozub J., Drozdowska D. V., Drozdowska V., Irczuk I. M., Irczuk M., Zielinski Z. M., Zielinski M.
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2000
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vol. 29
|
issue 3
35-42
EN
This paper presents the results of research, begun in 1992, into the determination of aerosol dynamics in the marine boundary layer under various hydrometeorological conditions by means of the lidar method. By employing several wavelengths the lidar-obtained optical extinction provides very accurate information about the size distribution of aerosols as well as their concentrations under various weather conditions and at different altitudes above the sea surface. It was demonstrated that in the marine boundary layer over the breaker zones of the southern Baltic Sea optical extinction depends on the method of calculation and wind direction as well as altitude above the sea surface. The results provided valuable inputs for investigations of the physical processes involved, as well as an important data set to use for the development of modelling of aerosol types and their dynamics in the coastal areas of the southern Baltic Sea.
9

Properties of surface of bottom sediments in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdansk (1994-1995)

88%
Dubrawski R., Witkowska K., Kula A.
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1998
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vol. 27
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issue 4
23-47
EN
Results of chemical and granulometric investigations of bottom surface sediments of the near-shore zone - beach and shallow water zone - carried out along cross-shore profiles in the Gulf of Gdansk in the period 1994-1996 are presented. Organic matter, total phosphorus and nitrogen, and carbonate (beach and dune) contents, also pH and the reducing-oxidising potential (Eh), as well as granulo-metric composition of the sediments were determined. The seasonal and spatial changes in sediment composition, relationships between the components, the rate of self-purification and the influence of factors shaping the properties of sediments were defined. It has been found that the sediment environment of the Gulf of Gdansk is in poor condition and that its further degradation is likely to happen.
10

Applicability of diatom indices for monitoring water quality in coastal streams in the gulf of Gda?sk region, northern Poland

88%
Zgrundo A., Bogaczewicz-Adamczak B.
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2004
|
issue 3
31-46
EN
This aim of this study was to test the applicability of diatom indices developed in Europe for monitoring coastal stream waters in northern Poland. Water, sediment, and diatom samples were taken from streams in the resort town of Sopot that discharge into the Gulf of Gdansk. The physical and chemical measurements taken during the sampling period indicated that the purity of the stream waters had improved, and recently they were classified as I class water purity. This is contrasted by the studied waters? diatom communities, which were dominated by eutraphentic taxa. High abundances of -mesosaprobic and -mesosaprobic taxa were recorded at most of the sites. Diatom indices developed for water quality surveillance were calculated with the Omnidia3 database software. Redundancy analyses (RDA), an ordination technique, was used to determine the indices that best correspond to water pollution in coastal streams. The results of the present study indicate that the pollution indices that follow can be applied successfully to monitor flowing freshwaters in the Gulf of Gdansk area in northern Poland: IDAP (Indice Diatomique Artois-Picardie); SPI (Specific Polluosensivity Index); EPI-D (Eutrophication/Pollution Index based on Diatoms), which integrates organic pollution, eutrophication, and mineralization.
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