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Challenges and possibilities of intravascular cell therapy in stroke

100%

Hicks A., Jolkkonen J.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2009

vol. 69

issue 1

1-11

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in Western countries and more importantly a leading cause of adult disability. The recovery process of stroke patients might be enhanced by intensive rehabilitation, which acts through brain plasticity mechanisms. Restorative approaches such as cell-based therapies are clinically appealing as it might be possible to help patients even when treatment is initiated days or weeks after the ischemic insult. An extensive number of experimental transplantation studies have been conducted with cells of different origins (e.g., embryonic stem, fetal neural stem, human umbilical cord blood) with promising results. Noninvasive intravascular administration of cells, which provides a broad distribution of cells to the close proximity of ischemic tissue, has perhaps the most immediate access to clinical applications. However, surprisingly little is known about whole body biodistribution of intravascularly administered cells and mechanisms leading to improved functional recovery. This review examines the recent literature concerning intravascular cell-based therapies in experimental stroke.

Biohybrid artificial organs in therapy of systemic disorders

100%

Jankowski T.

Biotechnologia

1999

issue 1

45-58

Transplantation of cells and tissues secreting a desirable therapeutic product shows a potential in the treatment of many human diseases such as diabetes, hemophilia, dwarfism, immunodeficiencies, anemia, hypocalcemia, and some neurodegenerative disorders. To avoid graft rejection, the transplanted tissue is immunoisolated in a semipermeable membrane, thereby creating an implantable biohybrid artificial organ. A number of encapsulation systems such as vascular implants, diffusion chambers, and microcapsules have been developed for cell therapy. The encapsulation membrane should allow for diffusion of nutrients, dissolved gases, and wastes and should be impermeable to the components of the immune system, including cellular and humoral components. Encapsulation cell technology offers a solution to the problem of donor organ supply, not only by potentially allowing the transplantation of cells and tissues without immunosuppresion, but also by permitting use of tissue isolated from animals. However, further research is required in the areas of encapsulation device design and tissue supply from primary or cell-culture sources.

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1 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1 1999

1 Hicks A.

1 Jankowski T.

1 Jolkkonen J.

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Challenges and possibilities of intravascular cell therapy in stroke

Biohybrid artificial organs in therapy of systemic disorders