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1

Mapping QTLs for root morphological traits in Brassica rapa L. based on AFLP and RAPD markers

100%
Lu G., Cao J., Yu X., Xiang X., Chen H.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2008
|
vol. 49
|
issue 1
23-31
EN
Root growth and thickening plays a key role in the final productivity and even the quality of storage roots in root crops. This study was conducted to identify and map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting root morphological traits in Brassica rapa by using molecular markers. An F2 population was developed from a cross between Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis) and turnip (B. rapa ssp. rapifera), which differed greatly in root characters. A genetic map covering 1837.1 cM, with 192 marker loci and 11 linkage groups, was constructed by using this F2 population. The F3 families derived from F2 plants were grown in the field and evaluated for taproot traits (thickness, length, and weight). QTL analysis via simple interval mapping detected 18 QTLs for the 3 root traits, including 7 QTLs for taproot thickness, 5 QTLs for taproot length, and 6 QTLs for taproot weight. Individually, the QTLs accounted for 8.4?27.4% of the phenotypic variation. The 2 major QTLs, qTRT4b for taproot thickness and qTRW4 for taproot weight, explained 27.4% and 24.8% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. The QTLs for root traits, firstly detected in Brassica crops, may provide a basis for marker-assisted selection to improve productivity in root-crop breeding.
2

Cytogenetic toxicity effects of inorganic nickel and organic Ni(II) complexes on Brassica oleracea L. root meristem

75%
Molas J.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2001
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vol. 42
|
issue 3
257-268
EN
Experiments were carried out on the effect of nickel as an inorganic compound (NiSO4?7H2O) and organic Ni(II) complexes (i.e. Ni(II)-Glu and Ni(II)-EDTA) in concentrations of 20, 40 and 85 muM dm-3 on meristematic cells of root tips of Brassica oleracea L. cv. S?awa from Enkhouizen. All three tested chemical forms of nickel had a mitodepressive effect and inhibited root elongation. With respect to the degree of root elongation inhibition and mitodepressive effect, the tested forms of nickel can be put in the following order: Ni(II)-Glu NiSO4?7H2O Ni(II)-EDTA. In all three tested forms, nickel caused disturbances in mitotic divisions, resulting in anaphase bridges and binuclear cells, whose nuclei were joined by a bridge of condensed chromatin or separated. Inorganic nickel and Ni(II)-Glu in higher concentrations damaged nuclei (the amount of condensed chromatin increased), nucleoli (their structure became more condensed and vacuolisation was observed), endoplasmic reticulum (fragmentation, swelling of cisternae) and mitochondria (structure condensation).
3

Haploidization of vegetable crops

51%
Michalik B.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 1
73-80
EN
This review was prepared mainly on the basis of papers published after 1997. It describes the current knowledge on the use of gametic embryogenesis for haploid production in vegetable crops. Data on the results of research on androgenesis and gynogenesis are presented for different species, induction methods and factors affecting the efficiency of the processes.
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