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1

Introgression of Brassica napus genome into restorer lines for CMS ogura estimated with the use of molecular markers

100%
Poplawska W., Bartkowiak-Broda I.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 1
112-118
EN
The object of research were double low restorer lines of CMS ogura. The restorer gene was introgressed into rapeseed genotype from radish (Raphanus sativus) through intergeneric hybridisation. The obtained recombinants of rapeseed with the restorer gene comprise a DNA fragment originating from radish, which is bigger than the locus of the restorer gene. It disturbs the first meiotic behaviour in PMC. In addition, it has an impact on the fertility and yielding ability of restorer lines. Moreover, the restorer gene in the obtained recombinant is tightly linked with a gene responsible for high content of undesirabled compounds in seeds - glucosinolates. Elimination of the unnecessary DNA fragment is performed by backcrosses with double low lines of winter rapeseed. The changes in rapeseed genome which are a result of backcrosses are investigated by the use of molecular and isozyme markers. Key words: Brassica napus, restorer gene, introgression, molecular and isozyme markers. Adres do korespondencji:
2

Fluorescence-based AFLPs occur as the most suitable marker system for oilseed rape cultivar identification

100%
Sobotka R., Dolanska L., Curn V., Ovesna J.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2004
|
vol. 45
|
issue 2
161-173
EN
Three different types of molecular markers, RAPD, SSR and fluorescence-based AFLP, were evaluated and compared for their ability to identify oilseed rape cultivars. The direct comparison of RAPD, SSR and AFLP approaches in cultivar identification showed that the AFLP methodology detected polymorphisms more efficiently than either RAPD or SSR methods. For the characterisation of six oilseed rape cultivars, 60 RAPD primers were tested and only eight of them (14%) detected sufficient levels of polymorphism. Five microsatellites out of fifteen tested were polymorphic, but in all loci, except one, only two different alleles were detected. This result indicated the limited degree of polymorphism found in Brassica napus. Each of the six tested AFLP combinations detected polymorphisms, the best combination (M-CAA/E-ACT) had 26% polymorphic peaks from a total of 90 peaks and could distinguish the analysed cultivars and 4 out of 5 core lines of cultivars. The results presented show that florescence-based AFLP is, for the purposes of oilseed rape cultivar fingerprinting, a more suitable approach than either RAPD or SSR.
3

Demand for monitoring genetically modified rapeseed in Poland

100%
Wisniewska I., Linkiewicz A., Sowa S.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 3
16-23
EN
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is the most important oilseed plant in Poland. Genetically modified (GM) rapeseed is planted on 18% of total rapeseed area in the world. The most frequent genetic modifications in rapeseed gave transgenic lines that are herbicide tolerant or have altered fatty acid composition. Coexistence of conventional and GM rapeseed is difficult due to several facts related to biology of this species. Contamination of rapeseed conventional varieties with rapeseed GM seems to be unavoidable during flowering time, harvest, storage and transport. For this reason monitoring of GM rapeseed in Poland is very important. At the moment no validated method is available for quantification of GM in rapeseed. Therefore development and validation of qualitative methods for rapeseed transgenic lines in routine food and feed analysis are necessary.
4

Male sterility and twin embryos in synthetic Brassica napus L.(B.campestris ssp.pekinesis cv. Granaat x B.oleracea ssp.acephala cv.Normal)

100%
Kalas-Janowska M.
|
|
vol. 34
|
issue 4
305-316
5

A synthetic alloploid (2n=38) obtained from Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. x Brassica carinata Braun

100%
Mackowiak M.
Genetica Polonica
|
1994
|
vol. 35
|
issue 4
315-321
EN
Two yellow-seeded forms, Brasica juncea (AABB, 2n=36) and B.crinata (BBCC, 2n=34), were crossed to obtain Brassica napus form with a yellow seed coat.A 38-chromosome alloploid was identified in the F2 generation.It was expcted that obtained hybrid with the genome composition AACC (B.juncea x B.carfinata; FG2) will be characterized by yellow seeds.The unexpected results - a dark colour of seeds of the synthetic form 2n=38 may suggest different expression of genes in their new environment.Since the presented crossing involved relatively distant forms, meiosis was not so regular as in other synthetic hybrids of B.napus derived from crossing B.campestris to B.oleracea.The absence of chromosome and chromatid bridges indicates the lack of abnormlities in the chromosome structure.Viability of pollen grains of the alloploid amounting to 64% was very similar to that of other synthetic forms of B.napus
6

Cytogenetic markers of Brassica napus L. chromosomes

100%
Hasterok R., Maluszynska J.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2000
|
vol. 41
|
issue 1
1-9
EN
Brassica napus has relatively small and poorly differentiated chromosomes. The total length, arm ratio and localisation of 18S-5.8S-26S rRNA genes formed the basis for the preparation of the ideogram of metaphase chromosomes. The morphometric features of the B. napus chromosomes allow for their classification into three morphological groups, but it is difficult to distinguish particular chromosome pairs within the groups. rRNA genes are present in 12 chromosomes of the diploid complement and are located in three chromosomal positions: secondary constrictions, terminal and pericentromeric regions. All rDNA loci at the secondary constriction are active. The signals of in situ hybridisation with rDNA co-localise with CMA positive bands in most of the loci. It was found that rRNA genes are good markers for some B. napus chromosomes, but still more cytogenetic markers are needed for the identification of all chromosome pairs.
7

Some morphological and phenological traits and fertility of lines of artificial winter oilseed rape originated from male-sterile plants (Barssica napus var.olifera L.)

100%
Wojciechowski A.
|
|
vol. 34
|
issue 4
317-325
8

Transferability, amplification quality, and genome specificity of microsatellites in Brassica carinata and related species

88%
Marquez-Lema A., Velasco L., Perez-Vich B.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2010
|
vol. 51
|
issue 2
123-131
EN
No information is available on the transferability and amplification quality of microsatellite (SSR) markers of the public domain in Brassica carinata A. Braun. The objective of the presented research was to study the amplification of a set of 73 SSRs from B. nigra (L.) Koch and B. napus L. in B. carinata, and to compare the results with those obtained in the amplification of the same markers in other Brassica species of the U triangle. This set of SSRs from B. nigra (B genome) and B. napus (AC genome) allows the identification of the 3 basic genomes of the Brassica species tested. 94.3% of the SSR markers from B. nigra and 97.4% of those from B. napus amplified SSR-specific products in B. carinata. Very high-quality amplification with a strong signal and easy scoring in B. carinata was recorded for 52.8% of the specific loci from B. nigra SSRs and 59.3% of the specific loci from B. napus SSRs, compared to 66.7% in B. nigra and 62.8% in B. napus. Genome specificity and amplification quality of B. nigra and B. napus SSR markers in the 6 species under study is reported. High-quality transferable SSR markers provide an efficient and cost-effective platform to advance in molecular research in B. carinata.
9

Selection for high erucic acid content in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) on microspore-derived embryos

88%
Cegielska-Taras T., Szala L., Naleczynska A., Kolodziej K., Orodowczyk M.
|
1999
|
vol. 40
|
issue 4
305-315
EN
Application of doubled-haploid (DH) techniques combined with a method of early selection for erucic acid in cotyledons of microspore-derived embryos (MDEs) from three hybrids of winter oilseed rape (high erucic acid and low glucosinolates) was described. Comparisons of erucic acid content between MDEs and seeds from the same homozygous line DH-Gr85 demonstrated that seed-specific fatty acid composition can be fully stimulated in MDEs after 18 days of culture on the NLN-medium with 0.8% agar and 2% sucrose with or without 10 mM ABA. The erucic acid content (percentage of the total fatty acid content) of cotyledons of embryos from three hybrids and of the seeds derived from plants regenerated from the remaining parts of the embryos were highly correlated (r = 0.78**).
10

Microspore culture of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in conjunction with other in vitro technologies

75%
Cegielska-Taras T., Szala L., Bartkowiak-Broda I.
|
EN
Microspore culture in conjuction with other technologies such as selection, mutagenesis and transformation has been used for the production of novel genotypes of Brassica napus L. for crop improvement. The example of in vitro selection of microspore - derived embryos includes: a) ploidy level, b) seed oil composition (for example: high level of erucic acid), c) genotypes with restorer gene for CMS-ogura system (by means of isozyme marker PGI-2 ), d) herbicide resistant forms. Efficiency of microspore mutagnesis has been tested by the treatment of freshly isolated microspores with UV and MNU. Direct delivery of foreign gene to the microspores (microprojectile bombardment) combined with the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to microspore derived embryos seems to be a promising way of oilseed rape transformation.
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