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1

Effect prolonged administration of insecticide-cyhalothrin/karate on the blood and liver of rabbits

100%
Shakoori A. R., Aslam F., Sabir M., Ali S. S.
|
1992
|
vol. 40
|
issue 1-2
91-99
EN
A sublethal dose of Karate administered to rabbits produced a signification increase in the total erythrocyte count and packed cell volume after 15 days of administration, though no significant change was observed after 30 days. The transaminases (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, GOT; glutamate pyruvate transaminase, GPT) also increased after 15 days of treatment. The GPT activity increased 119% and 60% after 15 and 30 days, respectively. From amongst metabolites, glucose content increased 17% and 185%, while cholesterol decreased 40% and 66%, and bilirubin 84% and 61%, after 15 and 30 days, respectively. The hepatic AkP activity decreased 30%, while the GPT activity increased 44%. Other enzymes such as AcP, GOT and LDH remained unaffected. The concentration other metabolites, except for FAA which increased 35%, remained unaffected. Histological changes were marked by atrophied hepatic cells and hypertrophied nuclei and nucleoli. A trend towards necrosis of hepatic cells was also observed. All these results indicate that Karate is moderately toxic to mammals.
2

Role of the p38 MAPK pathway in induction of iNOS expression in human leukocytes

88%
Jablonska E., Ratajczak W., Jablonski J.
Folia Biologica
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2008
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vol. 56
|
issue 1-2
83-89
EN
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is one of the enzymes responsible for NO production in neutrophils (PMN) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Several studies have demonstrated that iNOS expression is controlled by a wide group of cytokines which achieve their biological effect through, among others, the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway. The aim of the present study was to define the participation of the p38 MAPK pathway in the induction of iNOS expression and NO production by PMN and PBMC of healthy persons after stimulation of rhIL-15 and rhIL-18. We also estimated the influence of rhIL-15 and rhIL-18 on cGMP production by both population cells and the production of superoxide anion radicals by neutrophils. The results show that rhIL-15 and rhIL-18 induced an increase in the expression of iNOS and phospho-p38 MAPK in PMN and PBMC. We also found that PMN and PBMC, stimulated by these cytokines, released larger amounts of NO and cGMP in comparison with non-stimulated cells. Additionally, PMN showed a more pronounced ability to produce superoxide anions. The results suggest that iNOS activation in neutrophils and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with rhIL-15 and rhIL-18 may be achieved through the assistance of the p38 MAPK pathway.
3

Evaluation of nephrotoxicity of cadmium in laboratory animals and humans

63%
Halatek T., Chmielnicka J.
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|
vol. 47
|
issue 5
375-401
EN
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