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1

Low incidence of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) carriers in Indian cattle and buffalo breeds

100%
Patel R. K., Singh K. M., Soni K. J., Chauhan J. B., Sambasiva_ R. K. R. S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2007
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vol. 48
|
issue 2
153-155
EN
BLAD is an autosomal recessive genetic disease that affects Holstein-Friesian (HF) cattle worldwide. It is a disease characterized by a reduced expression of the adhesion molecules on neutrophils. The disease is caused by a mutation that replaces adenine at 383 with guanine, which causes an amino acid change from aspartic acid to glycine. Blood samples and a few semen samples were collected from 1250 phenotypically normal individuals, including HF (N = 377), HF crossbred (N = 334), Jersey (105), other breeds of cattle (N = 160) and water buffalo Bubalus bubalis (N=274) belonging to various artificial insemination stations, bull mother farms (BMFs) and embryo transfer (ET) centres across the country. PCR-RFLP was performed to detect a point mutation in CD18, surface molecules of neutrophils. The results indicate that out of 1250 cattle and buffaloes tested for BLAD, 13 HF purebreds out of 377 and 10 HF crossbreds out of 334 appear to be BLAD carriers. In the HF and HF crossbred population, the percentage of BLAD carriers was estimated as 3.23%. The condition is alarming as the mutant gene has already entered the HF crossbred cattle population and therefore, the population of HF and its crossbreds needs regular screening to avoid the risk of spreading BLAD in the breeding cattle population of India.
2

Detection of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) carriers using a new PCR test

100%
Kaminski S., Czarnik U.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1997
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vol. 38
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issue 1
51-55
EN
In this report we demonstrate a simple, effective and reliable diagnostic test of BLAD carrier detection based on specific PCR amplification of a 367 bp CD18 gene fragment and RFLP analysis using Taq I restriction enzyme. In a non random population of 220 animals we found 48 BLAD carriers. Within the amplified PCR fragment an unknown intron sequence of 159 bp was identified.
3

Effectiveness of a program aimed at the elimination of BLAD-carrier bulls from Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle

100%
Czarnik U., Grzybowski G., Kaminski S., Prusak B., Zabolewicz T.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2007
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vol. 48
|
issue 4
375-377
EN
The molecular basis of BLAD is the D128G mutation of the gene coding for the CD18 subunit of beta?2 integrin. This mutation is lethal, since homozygous (BL/BL) animals die before they reach sexual maturity. In the 1990s, BLAD was the most widespread genetic disease in HF cattle worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of BLAD carriers among 4645 young breeding bulls in Poland in 1995?2006. The frequency of carriers of the mutated allele showed a clear decreasing trend. The highest frequency (7.9%) was recorded while implementing the BLAD control program (1995?1997). Regular monitoring has enabled a great reduction of this threat to the tested population. Today only sporadic cases of BL/TL heterozygotes are reported (ca. 0.8% in 2004?2006).
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